YHA (England and Wales) Youth Hostel Profile compiled by the Association’s volunteer archivist, John Martin, 2019-04-01 Keswick Youth Hostel 1933 to present Fitzpark Hostel, Station Road, Keswick, Cumbria CA12 5LH Historic County: Cumberland YHA Region: Lakeland, Lakes, North GR: NY 267235 Writing in YHA’s Spring 1983 edition of Hostelling News to celebrate the hostel’s 50th year, Keswick youth hostel warden Bob Barnby described the origins of the building and the YHA’s acquisition: Though much modified over the years, parts of the building are extremely old. In the nineteenth century, when Keswick was a major industrial centre, it was a woollen mill, using water power from the River Greta on whose bank it stands. With the decline of water power and the increasing tourist traffic in the Lake District, the building was converted into Fitz Park Family and Temperance Hotel, and in 1933 it was leased by YHA to become one of their earliest Lakeland hostels. 1 2 Views from before 1933 of the Park Hotel and its largely industrial neighbours. 1: the lower building to the left of the hotel was labelled the Queen of the Lakes Pavilion on ordnance survey maps over many decades from the mid-19th century. Local magistrates granted licences for dancing there in the early 1900s; 2: industrial buildings once lined the south bank of the River Greta downstream from the Park Hotel. The hotel site itself was formerly a woollen mill, and tannery pits have been discovered below the hostel’s ground floor (author’s collection) As early as 5th March 1932, barely a year after the first rush of youth hostels appeared in Britain, YHA’s National Committee was discussing and minuting an early idea: demonstration hostels. These were to be scattered around England and Wales as best examples of design and provision, to promote high standards. The intention of the scheme was that a slice of YHA’s limited resources would be spent on such good practice. Projected hostels being considered were Wakefields House (unknown location), Oddo Hall, Winster, Derbyshire, and North Bridge House, Keswick, none of which came to fruition. Merseyside Region had also begun looking at Glen Gwynant for a demonstration hostel, changed its mind, but eventually took Bryn Gwynant in the 1950s. In truth, demonstration hostels were a fine idea but expensive and therefore rare in practice, when the majority of 1930s hostels were small-scale, privately owned and operating on a very tight budget. About a year after that meeting, however, Lakeland region was to lease the former run-down Park Temperance Family and Commercial Hotel in an elevated position next to the Queen of the Lakes Pavilion on the south bank of the River Greta. It was opened for members probably at the same time as the official opening performed by author Hugh Walpole on 12th April 1933, the Wednesday before Easter, having only just been secured. This was a remarkably busy time for the local executive; Cockermouth hostel opened the following day and Black Sail the day after. The three hostels between them have provided over 250 years of YHA usage up to 2018. Of the opening, one newspaper reported that the first night was a disaster: the electric power failed and candles were borrowed from neighbours. The Lakeland and the North-East Regional Guide published about the time of opening gave details and showed how quickly the YHA was established in this corner of England: Miss Ritchie, Park Hostel, Keswick (men 21, women 21). Store: In Hostel and adjoining. Bathing: Lake and River. Bus: 1 minute. Station 2 minutes. OS map 12. Distances: Pardshaw 13 miles, Cockermouth 13, Caldbeck 18, Newbiggin 15, Patterdale (walkers only) 12, Grasmere 12, Borrowdale 5, Black Sail Hut (walkers only) 12. An early postcard with the quaint but not unusual title of Keswick Youths’ Hostel. At a cursory glance, the external layout here has remained remarkably unchanged over 85 years. The two-storey cottages to the right, 1 and 2 Park Villas, were later purchased by YHA for wardens’ accommodation, and more recently for assistant staff (author’s collection) Though never a demonstration hostel, YHA’s Keswick became an instant success as a focal point for hostellers in the Lake District. In 1934, it was able to avert a loss by experimenting with meals provision, and the 42 beds became 80. By 1935, Keswick had become the busiest hostel in the country, a position held for several years, even though parts of the community registered a vociferous reaction to these new ‘Yo-Ho-ers’. In 1934, one Nottinghamshire paper gave vent to this sentiment: Friday 20th April 1934, Nottinghamshire, England. COMPLAINTS AGAINST RAMBLERS Complaints against Youth Hostel visitors in Lakeland were made at the annual meeting of the English Lake District Ramblers’ Association at Ambleside. Mr TN Pape of Keswick protested against ramblers knocking down walls and fences. Nevertheless, YHA members were soon earning a reputation for care and consideration in the countryside, and local traders welcomed their input. In 1937, when Mr and Mrs Booth came to run the hostel, Keswick remained in the lead nationally and was granted an extra five years’ lease. The 5,000 annual overnights of the first year were soon outstripped, 12,000 staying in 1938. A homely corner of the hostel in 1938; the location was later called the reading room, a small drawing room on the first floor. The fireplace remains in a modern 6-bedded dorm (YHA regional guide) Mr and Mrs Burton were appointed in 1939, when much of the District was coping with an acute water shortage, and stayed until 1967. Harry Chapman, long-serving Regional Secretary, described the Burtons’ contribution some years later: Early in the war, [we] had a rare ally, perhaps better classed as a team coach, of one of the first of a long line of inveterate youth-hostellers who turned to hostel wardening as their chosen job of work, when Alan Burton, a Lancashire cotton operative, took over the wardenship of Keswick, and became much of a guide, philosopher and friend to the war-time wardens and assistant wardens, a fair batch of whom were conscientious objectors, since Authority had deemed that it was in the national interest that youth hostels be allowed to carry on, classed a warden’s work as of national importance and worthy of exemption from conscription. Keswick hostel operated during each year of the war. YHA stressed the need to keep it from requisition, as it was important to members from industrial towns in South Lancashire and West Yorkshire, and thus essential for the war effort to keep young workers fit and happy. The Burtons steered the hostel through difficult times, when accommodation everywhere was not always remembered for comfort or good food. In 2008 Mary Jephcott recalled, tongue-in-cheek, her 1943 stay at Keswick with a party of young girls in her charge: Horrified by atmosphere of Hostel. Tea or coffee for supper and breakfast – couldn’t tell which. Fried cheese for breakfast. Hostel pretty foul. In a remarkable recent biographical publication gifted to the YHA Archive, Good Evening Sweetheart, a tender daily correspondence outlines the hardships of a young married couple forced apart through the war. Cyril wrote to Olga back home in Sheffield of his dismay after previous happy memories: 1943 – We found that there was a dance in Keswick Saturday night so you may guess – we were there also on Monday when there was one in the Pavilion. We thoroughly enjoyed them… Previously, I have always enjoyed my stays in Keswick Y Hostel but this year it was terrible. The bed numbers have been increased from 80 to 100 with the result that the bedrooms are terrible; there is only sufficient room for one person to make a bed at a time and there was absolutely no room at all. It wasn’t like a hostel but like a fourth rate hotel. The food too was dreadful and served up proper British restaurant style with little or no imagination as to the cooking of it! I heard earlier in the holiday that that hostel is making £1,000 a year on catering and after working it out, I find they must make that easily. For breakfast was a small helping of porridge followed by one half slice of thin bread toasted on one side and a spoonful of mixed boiled carrot and potato, no marmalade, bare ration of marg and sugar and nearly always dried milk made up, which we never had in any other hostel but which works out much cheaper for the warden. I estimate the cost of the breakfast to be 3d or 4d . Yet despite the exigencies and disappointments the numbers staying continued to spiral – to 17,000 in 1945. Almost all postcard views of Keswick youth hostel have been taken, of necessity, from the opposite bank of the River Greta. This early example shows well the Queen of the Lakes Pavilion to the left, where Cyril enjoyed his Saturday hop. It was built in 1894, owned by the Greta Trust Company in the early 20th century and the Alhambra Theatre Co by 1925. Its huge hall could seat 1,400. Later, it acted as Keswick’s public hall, and was even a roller skating rink. In the 1950s YHA’s Lakeland Region Council considered purchasing the Pavilion to expand the hostel’s capacity considerably, but it proved too expensive (YHA Archive) Meanwhile, YHA recognised the importance of acquiring the hostel, confident of its continuing importance. When the lease ran out in 1943, the Lakes Regional Group purchased the property for £4,094.4s.2d to provide a fully controlled hostel.