USOO6994452B2 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 6,994,452 B2 Rozenberg et al. (45) Date of Patent: Feb. 7, 2006 (54) LAMPS, LUMINAIRES AND LIGHTING (58) Field of Classification Search .................. 315/86; SYSTEMS 362/20, 86, 146, 152, 212, 216, 227, 228, 362/240, 244, 260,276, 278, 307, 334,347, (76) Inventors: Simon Grant Rozenberg, The Bothy 362/800, 802, 252, 540, 545; 340/815.45, 340/815.53, 815.54 House, Mentmore, Buckinghamshire See application file for complete Search history. LU7 OOG (GB); Ian Shaun Lawry, 18 Meteor Close, Woodley, Berkshire RG5 (56) References Cited 4NG (GB); George Alan Limpkin, 22 Hayes Mead, Ciltern Park, U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS Berkhamstead, Hertfordshire HP141BU 4,435,743 A * 3/1984 Plumly ........................ 362/20 (GB) 4,677,533 A * 6/1987 McDermott et al. ........ 362/240 4,682,147 A 7/1987 Bowman ............... 340/815.45 4,929,866 A 5/1990 Murata et al. (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this (Continued) patent is extended or adjusted under 35 U.S.C. 154(b) by 84 days. FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS DE 299 139 30 U1 12/1999 (21) Appl. No.: 10/362,653 (Continued) Primary Examiner-Stephen Husar (22) PCT Filed: Aug. 24, 2001 Assistant Examiner-Hargobind S. Sawhney (74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Buckley, Maschoff & (86) PCT No.: PCT/GB01/03814 Talwalkar LLC S371 (c)(1), (57) ABSTRACT (2), (4) Date: Jun. 4, 2003 The invention relates to LED-based lamps, luminaires and (87) PCT Pub. No.: WO02/16826 lighting Systems for buildings particularly, though not exclu Sively, for providing emergency light in the event of power PCT Pub. Date: Feb. 28, 2002 failure. In particular it provides a light-emitting diode lamp comprising a Support (26) and an array of light emitting (65) Prior Publication Data diodes (58) on the Support, an optical axis (72) passing through the middle of the array (58) and diodes increasing US 2004/0062055 A1 Apr. 1, 2004 in number and increasing in inclination with distance from the optical axis (72). It also provides a luminaire (24) (30) Foreign Application Priority Data comprising a lamp as described above and a lens (30) having facets for generally un-deviated and un-reflected passage of Aug. 24, 2000 (GB) .................................... OO2O766 light from off-axis diodes, and a building emergency lighting System comprising luminaires (24) as described above. In an (51) Int. Cl. alternative embodiment inclination of the light is through F2IS 13/14 (2006.01) progressively increasing inclination of the facets. (52) U.S. Cl. ...................... 362/252; 362/216; 362/540; 362/545; 362/800 24 Claims, 19 Drawing Sheets IX Zzz2 20 Key: O Emergency Luminaire US 6,994.452 B2 Page 2 U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS 5,797.673 A * 8/1998 Logan et al. ............... 362/234 5,838.247 A 11/1998 Bladowski 4,935,665 A 6/1990 Murata 5,847,550 A * 12/1998 Schie et al. ................. 323/222 4.963,798 A * 10/1990 McDermott ................. 315/312 5,899,557 A 5/1999 McDermott 4,984.999 A 1/1991 Leake 6,072.280 A 6/2000 Allen 5,303,124 A 4/1994 Wrobel 6,357,893 B1* 3/2002 Belliveau .................... 362/285 5,463,280 A 10/1995 Johnson 6,693,556 B1 2/2004 Jones et al. ................. 340/907 5,495,157 A 2/1996 Lanzisera 5,561,346 A 10/1996 Byrne FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS 5,567,036 A 10/1996 Theobald et al. FR 2588109 A * 4/1987 5,575,459 A 11/1996 Anderson FR 2 771888 6/1999 5,585.783 A : 12/1996 Hall - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 340/473 WO WO 98/33007 A1 7/1998 5,752,766 A * 5/1998 Bailey et al. ............... 362/250 WO WO 01/13034 A1 2/2001 5,782.553 A 7/1998 McDermott 5,797.672 A 8/1998 Dobert * cited by examiner U.S. Patent Feb. 7, 2006 Sheet 1 of 19 US 6,994,452 B2 22 77ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ es ESCAPE PATH -4 EJ W WN3 Z% No.tes 2% 2 2 2W W% • ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZW Emergency Luminaire U.S. Patent Feb. 7, 2006 Sheet 2 of 19 US 6,994,452 B2 Q S. U.S. Patent Feb. 7, 2006 Sheet 3 of 19 US 6,994,452 B2 U.S. Patent Feb. 7, 2006 Sheet 4 of 19 US 6,994,452 B2 U.S. Patent Feb. 7, 2006 Sheet 6 of 19 US 6,994,452 B2 se se --------S N -- S -- S - S - se sa. Sasasasa d U.S. Patent Feb. 7, 2006 Sheet 7 of 19 U.S. Patent Feb. 7, 2006 Sheet 8 of 19 US 6,994,452 B2 d s .2 X s t d O 2 S U.S. Patent Feb. 7, 2006 Sheet 9 of 19 US 6,994,452 B2 U.S. Patent Feb. 7, 2006 Sheet 10 of 19 US 6,994.452 B2 U.S. Patent Feb. 7, 2006 Sheet 11 0f 19 US 6,994,452 B2 06 U.S. Patent Feb. 7, 2006 Sheet 12 0f 19 US 6,994,452 B2 U.S. Patent Feb. 7, 2006 Sheet 13 of 19 US 6,994,452 B2 130 U.S. Patent Feb. 7, 2006 Sheet 14 of 19 US 6,994,452 B2 Afg, 77 U.S. Patent Feb. 7, 2006 Sheet 15 of 19 US 6,994,452 B2 N - , . Afg. f6 " O O O O Q-70? O O O ON-68ll O O G-66/ 50 O O O O G-70lf Ay20 U.S. Patent Feb. 7, 2006 Sheet 16 of 19 US 6,994,452 B2 70ll 70inlf U.S. Patent Feb. 7, 2006 Sheet 17 0f 19 US 6,994,452 B2 70ll 68 ft 68// 70' - 50ll U.S. Patent Feb. 7, 2006 Sheet 18 of 19 US 6,994,452 B2 50 filf 66 (2) le 6 (2 (2 Oo esO O (2(2) OO O O 2 O6 (2 O ( 2) (2) 2 (2) 145 (2 JUUUUUUU U.S. Patent Feb. 7, 2006 Sheet 19 of 19 US 6,994,452 B2 US 6,994,452 B2 1 2 LAMPS, LUMINAIRES AND LIGHTING through the middle of the array and the diodes increasing in SYSTEMS number and increasing in inclination with distance from the optical axis. FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention also provides a luminaire comprising a lamp as described above and a lens having facets for The present invention relates to lamps, luminaires and generally un-deviated and un-reflected passage of light from lighting Systems for buildings particularly, though not exclu off-axis diodes. Sively, for providing emergency light in the event of power The invention further provides a building emergency failure. lighting System comprising luminaires as described above. The invention yet further provides a light-emitting diode BACKGROUND TO THE INVENTION lamp comprising a Support and an array of light emitting diodes on the Support, and control means for causing the Building emergency lighting for use in the event of power lamp to operate in a first mode to provide emergency failure is a requirement for public buildings, for example lighting and in a Second mode to provide continuous Security department Stores, offices, hospitals, museums, libraries, 15 lighting and to operate at a first power during emergency Sporting facilities and the like. Such lighting is required to lighting and at a Second power less than the first power operate for an extended period by power from internal during Security lighting. Storage batteries that are put into use when the mains power Supply fails. Despite their hunger for power and limited life, BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED Such lighting devices have up to now relied on incandescent FEATURES lamps or fluorescent tubes. Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have low power consumption and long life, but Suggestions The lamp may be ceiling or wall-mounted and be used to for their use for building lighting have been few, and the provide various patterns of light on a floor, e.g.: problem of emergency lighting of pathways and areas as a single lobe facing away from the axis for use e.g. opposed to individual Signs has not been considered. 25 adjacent an opening in a wall; Battery powered LED arrays built into building exit signs first and Second lobes facing in opposite directions away are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,303,124. Although the LEDs from the axis for use e.g. in a path through a room; can illuminate the exit Sign, in the disclosed signs they do first and Second lobes facing in opposite directions away not have the capacity to provide emergency illumination from the axis along a first line and third and fourth lobes facing in opposite directions away from the axis over large areas of the building. Patents U.S. Pat. Nos. along a Second line directed at right angles to the first 5,575,459 and 5,463,280 disclose LED lamps for use in exit line for use at an intersection of two paths; Signs and based on linear arrays of LEDs. A circularly Symmetrical pattern of light for general There have been a variety of disclosures of LED-based lamps outside the emergency lighting field. LED-based light illumination. strings for Christmas trees are disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 35 The inclination of the light may result from passage of the 4,984,999 and 5,495,147. LED arrays for vehicle lamps are light from diodes at progressively increasing distance from disclosed in U.S.