European Community Directive on the Conservation of Natural Habitats and of Wild Fauna and Flora (92/43/EEC) Fourth Report by the United Kingdom under Article 17 on the implementation of the Directive from January 2013 to December 2018 Supporting documentation for the conservation status assessment for the species: S1029 ‐ Freshwater pearl mussel (Margaritifera margaritifera) WALES IMPORTANT NOTE ‐ PLEASE READ • The information in this document is a country‐level contribution to the UK Reporton the conservation status of this species, submitted to the European Commission aspart of the 2019 UK Reporting under Article 17 of the EU Habitats Directive. • The 2019 Article 17 UK Approach document provides details on how this supporting information was used to produce the UK Report. • The UK Report on the conservation status of this species is provided in a separate doc‐ ument. • The reporting fields and options used are aligned to those set out in the European Com‐ mission guidance. • Explanatory notes (where provided) by the country are included at the end. These pro‐ vide an audit trail of relevant supporting information. • Some of the reporting fields have been left blank because either: (i) there was insuffi‐ cient information to complete the field; (ii) completion of the field was not obligatory; (iii) the field was not relevant to this species (section 12 Natura 2000 coverage forAnnex II species) and/or (iv) the field was only relevant at UK‐level (sections 9 Future prospects and 10 Conclusions). • For technical reasons, the country‐level future trends for Range, Population and Habitat for the species are only available in a separate spreadsheet that contains all the country‐ level supporting information. • The country‐level reporting information for all habitats and species is also available in spreadsheet format. Visit the JNCC website, https://jncc.gov.uk/article17, for further information on UK Article 17 reporting. 1 Report on the main results of the surveillance under Article 11 for Annex II, IV and V species (Annex B) NATIONAL LEVEL 1. General information 1.1 Member State UK (Wales information only) 1.2 Species code 1029 1.3 Species scientific name Margaritifera margaritifera 1.4 Alternative species scientific name 1.5 Common name (in national language) Freshwater pearl mussel 2. Maps 2.1 Sensitive species No 2.2 Year or period 2007-2018 2.3 Distribution map Yes 2.4 Distribution map Method used Complete survey or a statistically robust estimate 2.5 Additional maps No 3.repSubAnnexVSpecies Information related to Annex V Species (Art. 14) 3.1 Is the species taken in the No wild/exploited? 3.2 Which of the measures in Art. a) regulations regarding access to property No 14 have been taken? b) temporary or local prohibition of the taking of No specimens in the wild and exploitation c) regulation of the periods and/or methods of taking No specimens d) application of hunting and fishing rules which take No account of the conservation of such populations e) establishment of a system of licences for taking No specimens or of quotas f) regulation of the purchase, sale, offering for sale, No keeping for sale or transport for sale of specimens g) breeding in captivity of animal species as well as No artificial propagation of plant species h) other measures No 2 Report on the main results of the surveillance under Article 11 for Annex II, IV and V species (Annex B) 3.3 Hunting bag or quantity taken in a) Unit the wild for Mammals and Acipenseridae (Fish) b) Statistics/ Provide statistics/quantity per hunting season or per quantity taken year (where season is not used) over the reporting period Season/ Season/ Season/ Season/ Season/ Season/ year 1 year 2 year 3 year 4 year 5 year 6 Min. (raw, ie. not rounded) Max. (raw, ie. not rounded) Unknown No No No No No No 3.4. Hunting bag or quantity taken in the wild Method used 3.5. Additional information BIOGEOGRAPHICAL LEVEL 4. Biogeographical and marine regions 4.1 Biogeographical or marine region Atlantic (ATL) where the species occurs 4.2 Sources of information Arvidsson BL, Karlsson J, Osterling ME. 2012. Recruitment of the threatened mussel Margaritifera margaritifera in relation to mussel population size, mussel density and host density. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems, 22: 526-532. Cosgrove P, McInnes N, Dolby S, Gunn D, Shields D, Cosgrove C, Kortland K. 2017. Forest management and freshwater pearl mussels: a practitioners' perspective from the north of Scotland. Scottish Forestry, 71 (1): 14-21. Degerman E, Alexanderson S, Bergengren J, Henrikson L, Johansson B-E, Larsen BM, Soderberg H. 2009. Restoration of freshwater pearl mussel streams. Solna: WWF Sweden. Fowles A. 2004. A strategy for the recovery of Freshwater Pearl Mussel Margaritifera margaritifera populations in Wales. Bangor: Countryside Council for Wales. Fowles AP, Barnfather N, Measures G. 2010. Defining priorities: a conservation plan for freshwater pearl mussel Margaritifera margaritifera populations in England and Wales. Unpublished report. Countryside Council for Wales, Environment Agency & Natural England. Garrett, HM. 2016. Freshwater pearl mussel larval encystment of host fish species on the Afon Eden - Cors Goch Trawsfynydd SAC. NRW Evidence Report 164. 31pp. Bangor: Natural Resources Wales. Garrett HM, Thomas Rh. 2012. Freshwater pearl mussel Margaritifera margaritifera monitoring Report: Afon Eden - Cors Goch Trawsfynydd SAC 2011. CCW Staff Science Report No. 12/8/3. Bangor: Countryside Council for Wales. Garrett HM. In preparation. Afon Eden - Cors Goch Trawsfynydd SAC Monitoring Summary note. Redox assessment of juvenile freshwater pearl mussel habitat. 3 Report on the main results of the surveillance under Article 11 for Annex II, IV and V species (Annex B) Monitoring Round 2012 to 2018. Bangor: Natural Resources Wales. Geist J. 2010. Strategies for the conservation of endangered freshwater pearl mussels (Margaritifera margaritifera L.): a synthesis of Conservation Genetics and Ecology. Hydrobiologia 644:69-88. Geist J, Auerswald K. 2007. Physicochemical stream bed characteristics and recruitment of the freshwater pearl mussel (Margaritifera margaritifera). Freshwater Biology, 52: 2299-2316. Gum B, Lange M, Geist J. 2011. A critical reflection on the success of rearing and culturing juvenile mussels with a focus on the endangered freshwater pearl mussel (Margaritifera margaritifera L.). Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems. 21: 743-751. Hastie LC, Cooksley SL, Scougall F, Young MR, Boon PJ, Gaywood MJ. 2003. Characterization of freshwater pearl mussel (Margaritifera margaritifera) riverine habitat using River Habitat Survey data. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems, 13: 213-224. Hatton-Ellis TW, Garrett H, Hearn S, Jenkins M, Jones HP, Taylor J, Watkin N. 2017. A Freshwater Pearl Mussel Conservation Strategy for Wales. Bangor: Natural Resources Wales. Hearn SM and Garrett HM 2017. Afon Eden - Cors Goch Trawsfynydd SAC freshwater pearl mussel population condition assessment report. Habitats Directive reporting cycle 3 2013 - 2018. NRW Evidence Report No: 169, 28pp. Bangor: Natural Resources Wales. Holman I. et al. 2003. A risk assessment for the Afon Eden, Meirionnydd. CCW Contract Science Report No 570. Bangor: Countryside Council for Wales. Killeen IJ. 2004. Monitoring of the freshwater pearl mussel Margaritifera margaritifera on the Afon Eden candidate Special Area of Conservation. CCW Contract Science. 618. Countryside Council for Wales. Killeen IJ. 2007. A survey of Welsh rivers supporting populations of the freshwater pearl mussel Margaritifera margaritifera (L., 1758). CCW Contract Science Report 770. Bangor: Countryside Council for Wales. Killeen IJ. 2012. A redox potential survey of Freshwater Pearl Mussel rivers in Wales. Report to EA Wales. Killeen IJ. 2013. A redox potential survey of the Afon Eden SAC and associated tributaries, North Wales. Report to EA Wales. Killeen IJ. 2014. A redox potential survey of the Afon Eden SAC and associated tributaries, North Wales. Report to NRW. Killeen IJ. 2015. A redox potential survey of the Afon Eden SAC and associated tributaries, North Wales. Report to NRW. Killeen IJ, Moorkens E. 2003. A survey of the Afon Aeron, Ceredigion, for the freshwater pearl mussel Margaritifera margaritifera (L. 1758). CCW Contract Science Report No. 650. Bangor: Countryside Council for Wales. Killeen I, Oliver PG. 1997. A Survey of Mynydd Preseli SSSI, Pembrokeshire, for the Freshwater Pearl Mussel, Margaritifera margaritifera (L., 1758). CCW Contract Science Report No 183. Cardiff, Department of Zoology, National Museum of Wales. Killeen IJ, Oliver G, Wood D. 1997. The Status of the Freshwater Pearl Mussel, Margaritifera margaritifera (L., 1758), in North-west Wales. CCW Contract Science Report No. 182. Bangor: Countryside Council for Wales. Killeen IJ, Oliver PG. 1998. The status and distribution of Freshwater Pearl Mussel (Margaritifera margaritifera [L., 1758]) in Wales: Report on the 1997 survey. 1998. Cardiff: National Museum of Wales. Killeen IJ, Oliver PG. 1999. The Status and Distribution of the Freshwater Pearl Mussel (Margaritifera margaritifera [L., 1758]) in Wales: 1998/99 Survey of the 4 Report on the main results of the surveillance under Article 11 for Annex II, IV and V species (Annex B) Afon Taf and Afon Tywi. CCW Contract Science Report No. 371. Bangor: Countryside Council for Wales. Marples H. 2017 An assessment of water quality in Brynteg Forest settlement ponds. MSc Thesis, School of Biological Sciences, Bangor University. McIvor A, Aldridge D. 2008. The cultivation of the freshwater pearl mussel, Margaritifera margaritifera. CCW Contract Science. 849. Bangor: Countryside Council for Wales. Moorkens E, Cordeiro J., Seddon, M.B., von Proschwitz, T. & Woolnough, D. 2017. Margaritifera margaritifera. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017: e.T12799A508865. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017- 3.RLTS.T12799A508865.en. Downloaded on 17 April 2018. Oliver PG, Meechan CJ, Trew A. 1993. Report on the 1992/93 survey of the freshwater pearl mussel (Margaritifera margaritifera L., 1758) in the River Wye. CCW Contract Science No 30. Bangor: Countryside Council for Wales.