Initial Feedback on the Bongao, Tawi-Tawi Independent Baseline Assessment for the FISH Project The Bongao Baseline Assessment Field Team Dr. Porfirio M. Alino, Team Leader Dr. Vincent Hilomen, Fisheries Stock Assessment Dr. Rene Rollon, Seagrasses and Mangroves Dr. Cesar Villanoy, Mapping, Remote Sensing and Data Mngt Samuel Mamauag, Fisheries Stock Assessment Cleto Nanola, Coral Reef Fish Melchor Deocadez, Coral Reef Fish and FGDs Local Resource Persons Mindanao State University-TCTO Staff Enumerators and support staff 1 Interconnectivity in Coastal Ecosystems 2 5.05 5.04 5.03 ) N g e d ( e 5.02 d u t i t a L 5.01 0.01m/s (current) 5 1.0m/s (wind) 4.99 119.72 119.73 119.74 119.75 119.76 119.77 119.78 119.79 119.8 119.81 119.82 Longitude (degE) Seagrass sites surveyed (Sun-Thurs; 15-19 February) 5.10 • = cores; quadrats 2 X = spot check 11 5.05 7 10 9 1 8 Sites 5 1. Pababag 6 2. LuukPandan 3. Simandagit 4. Tubig-Tanah 4 3 5. Bankaw-Layuhan 5.00 6. Pahut 7. Tongkalang 8. Coll of Fisheries 9. Ungus-Ungus 10. Pagatpat 11. Malasa 119.70 119.75 119.80 119.85 3 Mangrove sites surveyed (Sun-Thurs; 15-19 February 2004) 5.10 5.05 8 7 6 1 5 2 Sites 1. Pababag 1 4 2. Pababag 2 3 3. Simandagit 5.00 4. Tubig-Tanah 5. Bankaw-Layuhan 6. Coll of Fisheries 7. Ungus-Ungus 8. Pagatpat 119.70 119.75 119.80 119.85 Seagrasses: relative abundance (+, low; ++, medium; +++, high) Seagrass site Species 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Enhalus acoroides ++ +++ + + ++ + + ++ + + Thalassia hemprichii ++ ++ +++ +++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ Cymodocea rotundata + ++ +++ + ++ +++ ++ + + +++ sites 1. Pababag Halodule uninervis + ++ + + + ++ + + 2. LuukPandan 3. Simandagit ++ ++ ++ + + ++ ++ 4. Tubig-Tanah Halodule pinifolia 5. Bankaw-Layuhan 6. Pahut ++ + + + + + + ++ + + + Halophila ovalis 7. Tongkalang 8. Coll of Fisheries Halophila minor + + + 9. Ungus-Ungus 10. Pagatpat Syringodium isoetifolium + + ++ + + + + + 11. Malasa 4 Mangroves: relative abundance (+, low; ++, medium; +++, high) Mangrove site Species 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Aegiceras corniculatum + ++ + + Avicennia marina ++ + + + + Bruguiera cylindrica + Ceriops decandra + Exoecaria agallocha + ++ Nypa fruticans + ++ Osbornia octodonta + sites 1. Pababag 1 Rhizophora apiculata +++ + ++ +++ ++ +++ +++ 2. Pababag 2 +++ + + + 3. Simandagit Rhizophora mucronata 4. Tubig-Tanah Sonneratia alba +++ ++ + ++ ++ + ++ ++ 5. Bankaw-Layuhan 6. Coll of Fisheries Terminalia catappa + 7. Ungus-Ungus 8. Pagatpat Xylocarpus granatum + Variation in internodal lengths of Rhizophora mangroves 20 20 Bankaw -Layuhan College of Fisheries 15 15 10 10 internodal length, cm internodal length, cm 5 5 ? = Rhizophora mucronata ? = Rhizophora apiculata 0 0 JJASONDJ FMAMJ JASONDJFMAMJJASONDJJMAMMJ JASONDJFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJ FMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASOONDJFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJF JJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJJMAMMJ JASONDJFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASOONDJFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJF 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 20 Pababag 20 Ungus-Ungus 15 15 10 10 internodal length, cm internodal length, cm 5 5 0 0 JJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJJMAMMJ JASONDJFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASOONDJFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJF JJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJJMAMMJ JASONDJFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASOONDJFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJF 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 5 Some insights Seagrasses • except in Simandagit and Tubig-Tanah, seagrass beds occur in narrow (< 50 m) along coastlines • high frequency of commercially important fauna, such as Siganus guttatus (Pababag); Caranx sp. (Luuk Pandan); Scylla serrata (Pahut) Mangroves • mostly old, narrow and sparse stands of Rhizophora, Sonneratia and Avicennia • massive cutting in Ungus-Ungus, apparently for charcoal and firewood • general pattern in internodal growth (except Fisheries site): • 1999-2000, increasing • 2000-present, decreasing Corals and reef fishes study sites 5.085.08 Sanga-Sanga Is. 5.065.06 e e 5.045.04 d d u u t t i i t t a a l l h h t t r r o o Bongao Is. n 5.02 n 5.02 55 Dive sites Manta tow areas 4.984.98 119.7119.7 119.72119.72 119.74119.74 119.76119.76 119.78119.78 119.8119.8 119.82119.82 119.84119.84 119.86119.86 119.88119.88 119.9119.9 easteast longitudelongitude 6 Manta tow data 5.08 HC SC 5.06 DC/A 13 R e 5.04 1 d u t i t a l 1 h t r o Ungos-ungos n 5.02 11 3.53.5 33 5 2.52.5 22 score score 1.51.5 4.98 11 119.7 119.72 119.74 119.76 119.78 119.8 119.82 119.84 119.86 119.88 119.9 0.50.5 east longitude PababagPababag 00 11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 99 1010 1111 1212 1313 3.53.5 towtow numbernumber 33 2.52.5 22 score A combination of relatively good score 1.51.5 A combination of relatively good 11 hard and soft coral cover is seen in 0.50.5 00 Pababag and Ungos--Ungos.. 11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 99 1010 1111 towtow numbernumber Manta tow data 5.08 HC SC 5.06 DC/A R e 5.04 10 d u t i t a l 1 h t r o n 5.02 22 5 1 4.98 119.7 119.72 119.74 119.76 119.78 119.8 119.82 119.84 119.86 119.88 119.9 Pasiagan to Simandagit east longitude Pagasinan 55 Good hard and soft coral area 3.5 44 3 33 2.5 score 2 2 score 2 score 1.5 11 1 0.5 00 0 11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 99 1010 1111 1212 1313 1414 1515 1616 1717 1818 1919 2020 2121 2222 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 towtow numbernumber tow number 7 Manta tow data 5.08 HC SC 5.06 DC/A R e 5.04 d u t Lamion i Lamion t a l 20 h t r 1 2.52.5 o n 5.02 10 22 1.51.5 5 1 score score 11 0.50.5 4.98 00 119.7 119.72 119.74 119.76 119.78 119.8 119.82 119.84 119.86 119.88 119.9 Pahut 11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 99 east longitude towtow numbernumber 3.5 3 2.5 Note that Lamion has relatively 2 lowerlower livingliving coralcoral covercover thanthan otherother score 1.5 1 areas like what is seen in Pahut.. 0.5 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 tow number Manta tow data 5.08 HC SC 5.06 10 DC/A R e 5.04 1 d u t i t a l h t r o n 5.02 5 4.98 Tubig-salang 119.7 119.72 119.74 119.76 119.78 119.8 119.82 119.84 119.86 119.88 119.9 3.5 east longitude 3 2.5 Tubig-Salang though only 2 Tubig-Salang though only score 1.5 fairfair inin covercover itit hashas goodgood reliefrelief 1 and topography. 0.5 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 tow number 8 Laying blocks in Pababag requiresrequires takingtaking thatthat minimal damage is made Status/condition: Good coral cover Threats: Blast Fishing and Cyanide A brief view of the Pababag coral reef site Barangay Simandagit: Condition: Good coral cover Threat: Blastfishing The Simandagit coral reef site shows thethe “blue tang” Paranthurus hepatus an uncommon and highly valued aquarium fish Barangay Ungos-Ungos: Condition: Good coral cover Threat: Blast fishing Lutjanus gibbus and Ctenochaetus striatusstriatusshowshow relativelyrelatively largelarge sizesize frequenciesfrequencies inin Ungos--ungos 9 Pahut Lamion Barangay Pahut Shows abundance of surgeon fish (Acanthurus dussumeri and Naso hexacanthus) indicating strong currents and a steep topography sloped of the reef Sitio Tubig Salang, Pagasinan is also typified strong currents and high energy conditions. It has been protected by the military in the last five years. This is seen by Hemitauricthys polylepis and Odonus niger. 10 Pagasinan Tubig-Salang Coral reef fishes Very high species diversity and density Large (adult) sizes of reef fishes are common Some important reef fishes Cromileptes altivelis (humback grouper) Paracanthurus hepatus (bluetang) Despite proximity to fisher village, Schools of commercially important species Lamion lagoon harbors abundant reef Pterocaesio tile (bluestreak fusilier) fish community Pterocaesio marri (twinstripe fusilier) Naso spp. and Acanthurus spp.(surgeon fishes, ~4 species) Lutjanus fulvus (flametail snapper) Plectorhinchus spp. (sweetlips, ~3 species) Scolopsis spp. (threadfin breams, ~3 species) Lutjanus biguttatus (two-spot snapper) 11 Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) Lamion Lamion Gear Map 5.255.25 pukutpukut bingitbingit kuri-kurikuri-kuri laway-lawaylaway-laway linggihlinggih 5.155.15 panahpanah tundahtundah Tawi Tawi ullang-ullangullang-ullang Sanga Sanga Is. 5.055.05 e e d d u u t •Lamion i t i t t a a l l h h t t r r o o n Pagasinan n 4.954.95 Simunul 4.854.85 4.754.75 119.7119.7 119.8119.8 119.9119.9 120120 120.1120.1 120.2120.2 easteast longitudelongitude Pababag Pababag Trend Line 250 200 Palakaya 150 Kulibo 100 50 case(tuong)/day 0 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2002 2004 year “pikit-pikit” [double net] was only introduced last year - from Pababagfisher Simandagit Trend Line TREND of Fish Catch 150 bingit bungsod 100 Simandagit kg/day 50 0 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1994 2002 2010 year 12 Pahut Gear Map and Trend Line Ungos-ungos 5.14 hantuk bingit 5.12 laring TAWI-TAWI lawig 5.1 linggih manaktak panah 5.08 pokot tundah SANGA-SANGA ulangulang 5.06 5.04 PABABAG 5.02 BONGAO 5 4.98 4.96 Pahut 4.94 119.66 119.68 119.7 119.72 119.74 119.76 119.78 119.8 119.82 119.84 119.86 119.88 119.9 Historical account from older fisher 150 100 bingit 50 kg/day 0 1940 1960 1980 2002 year Fishing activities and gears Gill net catching Scarus bleekeri [left] and Siganus vulpinus [right] in Ungos- Ungos Spear fishing (pana) [left] in Simandagit and octopus lure (kuri- kuri) [right] in Pahut 13 Hook and Line [left top], Jiggers [top right and bottom left] and Lures [for octopus,bottom left].