EUROPEAN COMMISSION 5th EURATOM FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME 1998-2002 KEY ACTION : NUCLEAR FISSION HTR-E High-Temperature Reactor Components and Systems CONTRACT N° FIKI-CT-2001-00177 Deliverable D39 for " Tribology in Helium Environment" Isabelle BOBIN VASTRA FRAMATOME -ANP FRANCE Dissemination level : RE Document N°: HTR-E- 03/12 – D – 5- 1 - 3 Status : Preliminary Deliverable D39 Framatome ANP identification N° :NFTW – R/03.898A FRA-ANP TFCW-IBV-R.03.898A HTR-E / WP5 – Tribology in Helium environment – D39 HTR-E Modifications Revision Date Modifications 0 30th January 2004 First issue Page 3 / 87 FRA-ANP TFCW-IBV-R.03.898A HTR-E / WP5 – Tribology in Helium environment – D39 HTR-E Content MODIFICATIONS .........................................................................................................................................................................3 LIST OF TABLES ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 5 LIST OF REFERENCES ...............................................................................................................................................................6 REVIEW OF EXISTING MATERIALS AND COATINGS...........................................................................................................8 INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................................................................8 1. POSSIBLE MATERIAL PROBLEMS IN PBMR AND GTMHR (D38 REF [3])..........................................................8 1.1. PBMR ............................................................................................................................................................................8 1.2. GTMHR.........................................................................................................................................................................9 1.3. IN SUMMARY...................................................................................................................................................................9 2. REVIEW OF MATERIALS AND COATINGS USED IN AGR (NNC [4])....................................................................9 2.1. REVIEW OF MATERIALS .....................................................................................................................................................9 2.2. REVIEW OF DEPOSITION TECHNIQUES .............................................................................................................................10 2.2.1. Detonation-Gun, or D-Gun coatings ......................................................................................................................10 2.2.2. Plasma Spray coatings............................................................................................................................................10 2.2.3. Spray-Fuse coatings................................................................................................................................................11 2.2.4. Weld deposits ..........................................................................................................................................................11 2.3. REVIEW OF THE DEPOSITS APPLIED IN AGR ....................................................................................................................11 3. TRIBOLOGICAL RESULTS OF COATINGS USED IN AGR (NNC [4])...................................................................12 3.1. TRIBOLOGICAL BEHAVIOUR OF THESE COATINGS .............................................................................................................12 3.1.1. Spalling:..................................................................................................................................................................12 3.1.2. Oxidation.................................................................................................................................................................13 3.1.3. Nuclear compatibility..............................................................................................................................................13 3.1.4. Friction, static adhesion and wear..........................................................................................................................13 3.2. TRIBOLOGICAL BEHAVIOUR : SUMMARY...........................................................................................................................14 4. REVIEW OF MATERIALS AND COATINGS USED IN DRAGON (NNC [4]) ........................................................16 4.1. INTRODUCTION OF DRAGON EXPERIENCE (NNC) [D37 [5]] ...........................................................................................16 4.2. TESTS IN THE FRAME OF DRAGON (NNC) [D39-[4]].......................................................................................................16 4.2.1. Friction and wear....................................................................................................................................................16 4.2.2. Fretting....................................................................................................................................................................18 4.2.3. Static adhesion ........................................................................................................................................................18 5. REVIEW OF COATINGS APPLIED TO GAS TURBINE COMPONENTS (NNC- D39 [4]) ...................................19 6. REVIEW OF MATERIALS AND COATINGS USED IN PNP PROJECT (FZJ SUMMARY – [6])........................21 6.1. BELOW 700°C................................................................................................................................................................21 6.2. FRICTION AND WEAR PROPERTIES OF PNP ALLOYS AT 700 - 850°C..................................................................................22 6.3. FRICTION AND WEAR PROPERTIES OF PNP ALLOYS ABOVE 850°C ....................................................................................22 6.4. INTERMEDIARY SUMMARY ...............................................................................................................................................24 7. REVIEW OF MATERIALS AND COATINGS USED IN OTHER INDUSTRIES (FANP CONTRIBUTION [7]).25 8. CONCLUSION: RECOMMENDATIONS FOR MATERIALS AND COATINGS.....................................................28 Page 4 / 87 FRA-ANP TFCW-IBV-R.03.898A HTR-E / WP5 – Tribology in Helium environment – D39 HTR-E List of tables TABLE 1: POSSIBLE MATERIAL PROBLEMS IN PBMR ACCORDING TO SEVERAL COMPONENTS [3].....................................................34 TABLE 2: MATERIALS USED IN THE AGR REACTOR AT T t 300°C - EXTRACT OF [4] .....................................................................35 TABLE 3COMPOSITIONS OF HARD COATINGS USED IN UK AGRS [4]..........................................................................................36 TABLE 4: AGR COATINGS OPERATING AT TEMPERATURES ABOVE 300°C UP TO 750°C - [4]...........................................................37 TABLE 5A: COATINGS USED IN UK AGR REACTOR FOR TEMPERATURES UP TO 400°C - [4] ............................................................39 TABLE 5B: COATINGS USED IN UK AGR REACTOR FOR TEMPERATURES UP TO 725°C [4]...............................................................40 TABLE 6POTENTIAL HTR PROBLEMS IDENTIFIED DURING DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION AND OPERATION OF DRAGON (FROM NNC REPORT) – [D37 – [5]] ............................................................................................................................................................41 TABLE 7: RESULTS OF TESTS IN DRAGON: [4]..........................................................................................................................42 TABLE 8: RESULTS OF TESTS IN DRAGON: [4]..........................................................................................................................44 TABLE 9COATINGS APPLIED TO GAS TURBINE COMPONENTS IN THE COMPRESSOR SECTION, T < 1000°F (538°C) [4] ................45 TABLE 10 COATINGS APPLIED TO GAS TURBINE COMPONENTS IN THE COMBUSTION AND TURBINE SECTIONS, T > 1000°F (538°C) - [4] ..........................................................................................................................................................................46 TABLE 11A: DATA OBTAINED FROM TURBINE AND AEROSPACE INDUSTRY - [7]................................................................................47 TABLE 11B: DATA FROM TURBINE AND AEROSPACE INDUSTRY (FOLLOWING) - [7] ..........................................................................48 TABLE 11C: DATA FROM TURBINE AND AEROSPACE INDUSTRY (FOLLOWING) - [7] ..........................................................................49 TABLE 11D: DATA FROM TURBINE AND AEROSPACE INDUSTRY (FOLLOWING) - [7] ......................................................................... 50 TABLE 11E: DATA FROM TURBINE AND AEROSPACE INDUSTRY (FOLLOWING) - [7].......................................................................... 51 TABLE 11F: DATA FROM TURBINE AND AEROSPACE INDUSTRY (FOLLOWING) - [7]...........................................................................52 TABLE 11G: DATA FROM TURBINE AND AEROSPACE INDUSTRY (FOLLOWING) - [7] ........................................................................