Prince Edward Island Science Curriculum 421A Pilot Version 17ED10-46561 Prince Edward Island Department of Education, Early Learning and Culture Holman Centre, 250 Water Street, Suite 101 Summerside, Prince Edward Island Canada, C1N 1B6 Tel: (902) 438-4130 Fax: (902) 438-4062 www.princeedwardisland.ca/curruculum Pilot September 2018 DRAFT Acknowledgments The Prince Edward Island Department of Education, Early Learning and Culture (DEELC) of Prince Edward Island gratefully acknowledges the contributions of the following individuals and groups in the development of the Prince Edward Island Science 421 Curriculum Guide. Science 421 Curriculum Development and Pilot Team Kim McBurney Secondary Science Innovation Leader (7–12), DEELC Jeanette Acorn Teacher, Charlotteotown Rural High School Chantelle Beaton Teacher, Montague Senior High School Brian Gillis Teacher, Morell Regional High School Marilyn Hudson Teacher, Westisle High School David Ramsay Teacher, Three Oaks Senior High School Mary Whalley Teacher Colonel Gray High School Science Consultation Group Clayton Coe Former Secondary Education Coordinator, DEELC Dr. Nola Etkin Professor, Department of Chemistry, UPEI Amber Jadis Professional Engineer, Bricks 4 Kidz and coSolved Consulting Dr. Christian Lacroix Professor, Department of Biology, UPEI Dr. Libby Osgood Assistant Professor, School of Sustainable Design Engineering, UPEI Dr. Ronald J. MacDonald Associate Professor and Dean, Faculty of Education, UPEI Dr. Marva Sweeney-Nixon Professor and Chair, Department of Biology, UPEI Dr. Andy Tasker Professor, Biomedical Sciences, Atlantic Veterinary College, UPEI Dr. William M. Whelan Professor and Chair, Department of Physics, UPEI The Prince Edward Island teachers, staff, and learning managers of Holland College, and other educators who contributed to this guide by piloting, editing, making suggestions, and providing training and resources. Prince Edward Island: Science 421 Pilot 2018 DRAFT i Table of Contents LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES ......................................................................................................................... iv FOREWORD ...................................................................................................................................................... v INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................................2 Vision ...................................................................................................................................................2 Scientific Literacy .................................................................................................................................2 Aim ......................................................................................................................................................2 Attitudes ..............................................................................................................................................3 PROGRAM DESIGN AND COMPONENTS ..........................................................................................................4 Essential Graduation Competencies (EGCs) ........................................................................................4 Foundations of Scientific Literacy ........................................................................................................6 General Curriculum Outcomes (GCOs) ................................................................................................7 Specific Curriculum Outcomes (SCOs) .................................................................................................7 Bloom’s Taxonomy ..............................................................................................................................8 Cognitive Process Dimension ..............................................................................................................8 Knowledge Dimension ........................................................................................................................9 Structure of an SCO ...........................................................................................................................10 Taxonomy Table ................................................................................................................................10 Curriculum Guide Design ..................................................................................................................11 FOUNDATIONS OF SCIENTIFIC LITERACY ........................................................................................................12 NATURE OF SCIENCE ......................................................................................................................................15 What is science? ................................................................................................................................15 Science is Limited and Dynamic .................................................................................................15 Science is Evidence-Based ..........................................................................................................15 Science Involves Rational Reasoning ..........................................................................................16 Science Language is Precise .......................................................................................................16 Science is a Collaborative, Human Endeavour ............................................................................17 PROCEDURAL KNOWLEDGE ...........................................................................................................................18 What do scientists do? ......................................................................................................................18 Categories of Scientific Studies .................................................................................................19 Modelling: Investigating Complex Systems ...............................................................................20 ii Prince Edward Island: Science 421 Pilot 2018 DRAFT Table of Contents CONTENT KNOWLEDGE .................................................................................................................................22 What have scientists learned? ...........................................................................................................22 Life Science ...............................................................................................................................22 Physical Science ........................................................................................................................22 Earth and Space Science ...........................................................................................................22 Interdisciplinary Concepts ........................................................................................................22 Matter .......................................................................................................................................23 Patterns in Form and Function ..................................................................................................23 Energy and Forces .....................................................................................................................23 Cause and Effect .......................................................................................................................24 Equilibrium, Stability, and Change within Systems ...................................................................24 DECISIONS AND PERSPECTIVES ......................................................................................................................25 How can science be applied to solve problems? ...............................................................................25 What are the considerations when applying science? ......................................................................25 CONSIDERATIONS FOR INSTRUCTION ............................................................................................................26 Components of Scientific Inquiry ......................................................................................................26 STEAM Problem-Solving Processes ...................................................................................................28 Interdisciplinary Skills ........................................................................................................................30 Mathematical Skills ...................................................................................................................30 Technology Skills .......................................................................................................................30 Language Skills ..........................................................................................................................31 Instructional Strategies .....................................................................................................................32 Assessment and Evaluation ...............................................................................................................34 SCI 421: OVERVIEW ........................................................................................................................................36