Courtesy Translation in English Provided by the Translation Services of the European Commission NATIONAL ENERGY AND CLIMATE PLAN ATHENS, JANUARY 2019 Contents Chapter 1 PLAN OVERVIEW AND DRAFTING PROCEDURE ..................................................................... 6 1.1 Executive summary ...................................................................................................................... 6 1.1.1 Political, economic, environmental and social context of the plan ...................................... 6 1.1.2 Overall strategy in relation to the five dimensions of the Energy Union .............................. 6 1.1.3 Summary table laying down the key objectives, policies and measures of the plan .......... 10 1.2 Review of the current state of affairs in terms of policy ........................................................... 15 1.2.1 National and Union energy system and policy framework of the national plan ................ 15 1.2.2 Existing energy and climate policies and measures in respect of the five dimensions of the Energy Union ............................................................................................................. 15 1.2.3 Energy design challenges in five dimensions ...................................................................... 83 1.2.4 Key issues of cross-border interest ..................................................................................... 91 1.2.5 Administrative structure for the implementation of national energy and climate policies ................................................................................................................................. 91 1.3 Consultation and involvement of national bodies and actors in the EU and outcomes ........... 94 1.3.1 Participation of the national parliament ............................................................................. 94 1.3.2 Involving local and regional authorities .............................................................................. 94 1.3.3 Consultation of stakeholders, including social partners, and involvement of civil society and the general public ............................................................................................ 94 1.3.4 Consultation with other Member States ............................................................................. 96 1.4 Regional cooperation in drawing up the project ....................................................................... 96 Chapter 2 NATIONAL OBJECTIVES AND EXPECTATIONS ...................................................................... 99 2.1 Decarbonisation dimension ..................................................................................................... 102 2.2 Energy efficiency dimension .................................................................................................... 108 2.3 Energy security dimension ...................................................................................................... 110 2.4 Dimension of the internal energy market ............................................................................... 113 2.5 Research, innovation and competitiveness dimension ........................................................... 117 Chapter 3 POLICIES and MEASURES ................................................................................................... 121 3.1. Decarbonisation dimension ..................................................................................................... 121 3.1.1 Greenhouse gas emissions and removals ......................................................................... 121 3.1.2 Renewable energy ............................................................................................................. 128 3.2 Energy efficiency dimension .................................................................................................... 146 3.2.2 Long-term strategy to renovate the national stock of residential and non-residential buildings, both public and private ..................................................................................... 147 3.2.3 Policies and measures to promote energy services in the public sector .......................... 148 3.2.4 Other planned policies, measures and programmes to achieve the indicative national energy efficiency target for 2030 ........................................................................ 149 3.2.5 Policies and measures to promote the role of local energy communities ........................ 151 3.2.6 Measures to exploit the energy efficiency potential of gas and electricity infrastructure..................................................................................................................... 151 3.2.7 Regional cooperation in this area, where appropriate ..................................................... 152 3.2.8 Financing measures including support and use of EU funds in this area at national level ................................................................................................................................... 152 3.2.9 Summary of policy measures ............................................................................................ 153 3.3 Energy security dimension ...................................................................................................... 162 3.3.1 Policies and measures to achieve the relevant objectives ................................................ 162 3.3.2 Regional cooperation in this area...................................................................................... 166 3.3.3 Financing of measures in this area at national level, including with EU support and the use of EU funds ........................................................................................................... 166 3.3.4 Summary of policy measures ............................................................................................ 166 3.4 Internal energy market dimension .......................................................................................... 171 3.4.1 Electricity infrastructure .................................................................................................... 171 3.4.2 Energy transmission infrastructures ................................................................................. 172 3.4.3 Market consolidation ........................................................................................................ 174 3.4.4 Energy poverty .................................................................................................................. 176 3.4.5 Summary of policy measures ............................................................................................ 177 3.5 Research, innovation and competitiveness dimension ........................................................... 183 3.5.1 Policies and measures to achieve the relevant objectives ................................................ 184 3.5.2 Cooperation with other Member States in this area ........................................................ 187 3.5.3 Financing of measures in this area at national level, inter alia with EU support and the use of EU funds ........................................................................................................... 188 3.5.4 Summary of policy measures ............................................................................................ 188 CHAPTER 4 EXISTING SITUATION AND PROVISIONS BASED ON EXISTING POLICIES AND EXISTING MEASURES ......................................................................................................................... 191 4.1 Devising a scenario of existing policies and measures ............................................................ 191 4.2 Estimated development of the main external factors affecting the energy system and the greenhouse gas emissions ................................................................................................. 192 4.2.1 Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Removals ........................................................................ 192 4.2.2 Sectoral changes expected to affect the energy system and the greenhouse gas emissions ........................................................................................................................... 192 4.2.3 Global energy trends, international fossil fuel prices, EU ETS carbon price ..................... 194 4.2.4 Technology cost developments ......................................................................................... 195 4.3 Decarbonisation dimension ..................................................................................................... 196 4.3.1 Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Removals ........................................................................ 196 4.3.2 Renewable energy ............................................................................................................. 201 4.4 Energy efficiency dimension .................................................................................................... 212 4.4.1 Current primary and final consumption of energy in the economy and by sector ........... 212 4.4.2 Current capacity for high-efficiency cogeneration and efficient district heating and cooling ............................................................................................................................... 218 4.4.3 Forecasts taking into account existing policies, measures for the primary and final