International Federation for Human Rights Report “Iraq : an intolerable, forgotten and unpunished repression” Introduction. 5 I. Repression in Iraq . 7 II. Arrests and arbitrary detentions . 13 III. Inhuman and degrading treatments. 16 IV. Executions . 19 V. Beheading of women . 21 VI. Involuntary or forced disappearances . 24 VII. Forced Arabization and deportation . 25 VIII. Ashbal Saddam . "Saddam's cub scouts" . 26 IX. Corruption . 28 Conclusion . 29 Recommendations . 30 Appendix . 32 “Iraq : an intolerable, forgotten and unpunished repression” HRA/CJI - FIDH / PAGE 3 “Iraq : an intolerable, forgotten and unpunished repression” Contents Introduction . 5 A. Mandate and objectives of the commission . 5 B. General context of the mission . 5 I. Repression in Iraq . 7 "Peculiar conception" of the citizenship. 7 The organization of repression . 7 The repression after the death of Ayatollah M'hammed Sadek Sadr . 10 The repression of religious freedom . 11 II. Arrests and arbitrary detentions . 13 Importance and power of the services . 14 Arrest of family members. 14 Belonging to an opposition party. 14 Arrest of children under 18 . 14 Uprising of the provinces in 1991 . 14 Arrests for "unpleasant" acts . 15 Arrest of journalists . 15 III. Inhuman and degrading treatments. 16 Legalized application of cruel punishments . 16 Torture and ill-treatments . 16 IV. Executions . 19 Prison cleansing campaign . 19 Other executions . 19 V. Beheading of women . 21 Prostitution : an increasing phenomenon . 21 Prostitution : an excuse for physical elimination and political pressure . 21 Beheading : barbarism, terror and propaganda . 21 60 to 2000 women beheaded from June 2000 to April 2001 . 23 VI. Forced or involuntary disappearances . 24 VII. Forced Arabization and deportation. 25 VIII. Ashbal Saddam "Saddam's cub scouts". 26 IX. Corruption . 28 Conclusion . 29 Recommendations . 30 Appendix . 32 The investigation mission wishes to thank Mrs Safia Al Souhail for her help, the Iraqi refugees, the Iraqi associations and leagues for human rights in Syria and Jordan, the members of political parties who have accepted to testify. HRA/CJI - FIDH / PAGE 4 “Iraq : an intolerable, forgotten and unpunished repression” Introduction A. MANDATE AND OBJECTIVES OF THE Nations' High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) in 20001, MISSION Iraqis are the second-largest group of refugees after Afghans. Between 120,000 and 300,000 Iraqis have sought refuge in The investigative mission of the International Federation for Jordan, where there are no official figures on their number2; Human Rights (FIDH) and Human Rights Alliance France (HRA 580,000 in Iran1; 27,000 in Syria; between 5,0001 and France), a member of the Coalition for Justice in Iraq (CJI), 7,000.