IDENTIFICATION, CHARACTERISATION AND MAPPING OF FISH BREEDING AREAS ON LAKES EDWARD AND ALBERT NELSAP Technical Reports: Basin Development Series 2020 - 03 JUNE 2020 Multinational Lakes Edward And Albert Integrated Fisheries And Water Resources Management (LEAF II) Project Identification, Characterisation And Mapping Of Fish Breeding Areas On Lakes Edward And Albert Report was Prepared by the National Fisheries Resources Research Institute (NAFIRRI) - Uganda and the Centre for Research in Hydrology (CRH) - Uvira, D.R Congo for the Nile Equatorial Lakes Subsidiary Action Program (NELSAP-CU) / Nile Basin Initiative (NBI) AUGUST 2019 The purpose of the technical report series is to support informed stakeholder dialogue and decision making in order to achieve sustainable socio-economic development through equitable utilization of, and benefit from, the shared Nile Basin water resources. Project: Multinational Lakes Edward And Albert Integrated Fisheries And Water Resources Management (LEAF II) Project Funding Source: The African Development Bank (AfDB) and Global Environment Facility (GEF) Project Number: Disclaimer The views expressed in this publication are not necessarily those of NBI’s Member States or its development partners. Trademark names and symbols are used in an editorial fashion and no intention of infringement on trade mark or copyright laws. While every care has been exercised in compiling and publishing the information and data contained in this document, the NBI regrets any errors or omissions that may have been unwittingly made in this publication. The NBI is not an authority on International Administrative Boundaries. All country boundaries used in this publication are based on FAO Global Administrative Unit Layers (GAUL). © 2018 Nile Equatorial Lakes Subsidiary Action Program (NELSAP-CU) / Nile Basin Initiative (NBI) 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................................................. iv LIST OF FIGURES ........................................................................................................................... v LIST OF PLATES ............................................................................................................................. vi ACRONYMS ....................................................................................................................................vii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ..............................................................................................................viii 1. INTRODUCTION ...........................................................................................................................1 1.1 The Lake Edward and Albert Basin (LEAB) ................................................................................1 Justification of the Study .................................................................................................................. 5 1.2 Purpose of the report .................................................................................................................. 5 1.3 Objectives .................................................................................................................................... 5 1.4 Expected outputs ........................................................................................................................6 1.5Target Beneficiaries .....................................................................................................................6 2. METHODOLOGY ......................................................................................................................... 7 2.1 Data collection ............................................................................................................................ 7 2.1.1Literature review ....................................................................................................................... 7 2.1.2 Stakeholder consultations and awareness raising .................................................................. 7 2.2 Identification characterization and mapping ............................................................................9 2.3 Experimental gillnetting.............................................................................................................9 2.4 Data processing and mapping .................................................................................................. 10 3. COMMUNITY PERCEPTIONS OF DIFFERENT FBAS IN LAKES EDWARD AND ALBERT . 11 3.1 Perceptions towards importance and protection of FBAs ........................................................11 3.2. Community perceptions on constraints to protect FBAs ........................................................13 3.3. Spatial distribution and status of FBAs on lakes Edward and Albert .....................................14 3.4 Human use features associated with FBAs ..............................................................................20 4. CHARACTERISING AND MAPPING OF FBAs ........................................................................23 4.1. Environmental characterization ..............................................................................................23 4.1.1 Shoreline and habitat characteristics ....................................................................................23 4.1.2 Water quality ..........................................................................................................................25 4.2 Fish parameters ........................................................................................................................33 5. THREATS TO FBAs ....................................................................................................................44 5.1. Potential environmental and social risks and impacts and their mitigation ..........................44 5.2 Envisaged challenges and impediments to the demarcation and gazettement of the FBAs ..48 6. POLICIES AND LEGAL FRAMEWORK .....................................................................................51 6.1 Existing relevant international, regional and national policies and regulations .....................51 3 6.2 Relevant regional and national institutions ............................................................................ 56 7. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS .........................................................................58 7.1. Conclusions ..............................................................................................................................58 7.2. Recommendations to protect and conserve FBAs on lakes Albert and Edward ............60 7.3. Guidelines and requirements for demarcation, gazettement and management of the FBAs on lakes Edward and Albert..........................................................................................................................64 7.3.1 Legal and institutional Framework .......................................................................................65 7.3.2 Institutions and responsibilities ...........................................................................................66 7.3.2.1 Regional Fisheries Management Organization (RFMO) ...................................................66 7.3.2.2 National Directorates Responsible Fisheries Resources Management ............................. 67 7.3.2.3 Local/Provincial Governments .......................................................................................... 67 7.3.2.4 Fishing Community ............................................................................................................ 67 7.3.2.5 Research institutions (e.g. NaFIRRI, CRH, ICCN) ............................................................68 7.3.2.6 Other Ministries Departments and Agencies (MDAs) .......................................................68 7.3.2.7 NGOs/CBOs ........................................................................................................................68 7.3.3 Demarcation, marking and management .............................................................................68 7.4. Cost estimates and requirements for demarcation, gazettement and management of the FBAs on lakes Edward and Albert...........................................................................................................................71 References ....................................................................................................................................... 72 Annex 1: Terms of Reference .......................................................................................................... 73 Annex 2: Field survey (data collection) tools ................................................................................. 77 Annex 2A: A Checklist of indicators to be used in scoring FBAs .................................................. 77 Annex 2B: Fish data Capture Forms .............................................................................................. 79 Annex 2C: Tools for Socio-economics studies ............................................................................... 81 Annex 3: Land cover/use on land adjacent to selected FBAs on Lake Edward ............................90 Annex 4: Land cover/use on land adjacent to selected FBAs on Lake Albert ...............................96 Annex 5: List of key stakeholders consulted during the survey on perceptions