Engineered Wood CONSTRUCTION GUIDE WOOD: THE NATURAL CHOICE Engineered wood products are among the most beautiful and environmentally friendly building materials. They are produced efficiently from a renewable, sustainable, biological resource. Their various sizes and dimensions mean less construction jobsite waste and lower disposal costs. In completed buildings, they store carbon and deliver decades of strong, dependable structural performance. Plus, wood’s natural properties, combined with highly efficient wood-frame construction systems,make it a top choice in energy conservation. A FEW FACTS ABOUT WOOD: Forest land comprises about Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) measures the 33% of the total land long-term green value of wood. area of the United Statesa. Studies by Consortium for Research on Renewable Industrial Materials (CORRIM) scientifically validate the environmental credentials of wood as a green building product. LCAs examine building products’ Only about one-third of life cycle—from extraction of the raw material to that forest land is open to loggingb. demolition of the building at the end of its long lifespan. CORRIM found that wood had a more benign environmental footprint than steel or concrete in energy use, climate change, air emissions, water The volume of annual net timber emissions and solid waste production. Report details growth in the U.S. is 36% higher are available at www.CORRIM.org. than the volume of annual timber c removals . Environmental Product Declarations (EPDs) verify specific products. The American Wood Council and Canadian Wood Council have published declarations and transparency American landowners plant more briefs for engineered wood products, including I-joists, than 2.5 billion trees every yeard. plywood, oriented strand board, glulam, laminated veneer lumber and laminated strand lumber. Use of products with verifiable EPDs may be used toward LEED v4 credit. Similar incentives may be found in A young, growing forest produces Green Globes, the International Green Construction 1 ton of oxygen and absorbs Code and the Architecture 2030 Challenge. EPDs and 1.4 tons of CO2 for every 1 ton of woode. transparency briefs are available from www.awc.org/greenbuilding/epd. Forests in the United States continue to sequester more carbon than they Wood is the natural choice for the environment, emit each year, and combined with design and strong, resilient construction. urban forests and harvested wood products, offset nearly 15% of total greenhouse gas emissions in 2012a. a. U.S. Forest Resource Facts and Historical Trends, U.S. Department of Agriculture, U.S. Forest Service, 2014 b. Consortium for Research on Renewable Industrial Materials (CORRIM) c. Alvarez, M. The State of America’s Forests: Society of American Foresters, 2007 d. Jones, S. Creating a Sustainable Supply for Woody Biomass, Forest Landowners Association, 2011 e. The American Hardwood Information Center, Hardwood Manufacturers Association Form No. E30X ■ © 2019 APA – The Engineered Wood Association ■ www.apawood.org RESIDENTIAL & COMMERCIAL CONSTRUCTION WITH ENGINEERED WOOD PRODUCTS APA engineered wood products are used in a wide range of construction applications. Time-tested panel products are used in traditional wood- frame construction and in combination with other engineered wood products and systems. For low in-place cost, versatility and superior performance, engineered wood systems are simply hard to beat. This guide from APA is designed as a reference manual for both residential and commercial construction. It contains up-to- date information on APA Performance Rated panels; glulam; I-joists; structural composite lumber; cross-laminated timber; specification practices; floor, wall and roof systems; diaphragms and shear walls; fire-rated systems and methods of finishing. If what you want to know about engineered wood construction systems is not fully explained here, chances are it is in one of our many other publications. Titles cited throughout this publication are available from the APA website at www. apawood.org. For individual assistance with specific application questions, contact the APA Product Support Help Desk at (253) 620-7400 or www.apawood.org/help. Notice: The recommendations in this guide apply only to products that bear the APA trademark. Only products bearing the APA trademark are subject to the Association’s quality auditing program. Form No. E30X ■ © 2019 APA – The Engineered Wood Association ■ www.apawood.org Introduction to Engineered Wood Construction Guide CONTENTS A GUIDE TO ENGINEERED Oriented Strand Lumber (OSL) ....35 Siding Joint Details .............74 WOOD PRODUCTS ............. 6 Allowable Strength Properties .....36 APA Rated Siding Patterns Panel Selection and Specification .... 7 SCL Storage and Handling .......36 and Grades ..................75 Manufacturing and Structural Composite Lumber (SCL) Finishing Plywood for Performance Standards ...........7 Specification Guide. 36 Exterior Exposure ..............75 Grade Designations ..............8 I-Joist Selection and Specification ... 37 Roof Construction ............. 78 Sanded, Unsanded and APA PRI-400 ..................37 APA Panel Roof Sheathing ........78 Touch-Sanded Panels .............8 Residential Floor Spans ..........37 Preframed Roof Panels ..........80 Thickness Designation and I-Joist Storage and Handling ......37 Long Span Systems .............82 Performance Category ............8 APA Performance Rated APA Panel Soffits ...............83 Sized for Spacing ...............11 I-Joist Specification Guide ........40 APA Panel Roof Diaphragms ......84 Bond Classification .............13 APA Performance Rated Rim Board® Additional Fire and Moisture Exposure Selection and Specification ...... 41 Building Systems .............. 87 Recommendations ..............14 APA Performance Rated Fire Systems ............... 87 Group Number ................14 Rim Board® Specification Guide ....42 Fire Protection of Span Ratings ..................15 Residential Floors ..............87 CONSTRUCTION WITH ENGINEERED How to Order APA Panels .........16 Protected Floor/Ceiling WOOD PRODUCTS ............ 43 Nail Sizes ....................17 Construction. 88 Metric Conversions .............17 Floor Construction ............ 44 Sprinkler System Installation Grade Availability ..............17 APA Rated Sturd-I-Floor® .........45 for I-Joists ...................91 Panel Storage and Handling ......18 Sturd-I-Floor 32 oc and 48 oc .....47 Protected Wall Construction .......91 Panel Specification Guide .........19 The APA Glued Floor System ......47 Fire-Rated Roof Coverings ........92 Glulam Selection and Application ...................49 Fire-Rated Structural Specification ................. 25 APA Panel Subflooring ..........50 Glued Laminated Timber ........92 Balanced and Unbalanced Beams ...25 APA Panel Floor Diaphragm ......51 Wall and Ceiling Paneling ........92 Allowable Design Properties ......25 Lightweight Concrete Building Systems ............ 93 Sizes .......................26 Over APA Panels ...............51 Heavy Timber Construction .......93 Appearance Classification ........26 APA Plywood Underlayment ......51 Wind-Resistive Roofs ............94 Section Properties Hardwood Flooring Over Noise Transmission Control .......96 and Capacities ................29 APA Panel Subfloors ............53 Energy Conservation ............97 Camber .....................29 Ceramic Tile Over Air Barrier Materials ............98 Trademarks and Acceptance ......30 APA Plywood Floors ............54 Thermal Resistance of Glulam Beam Storage APA Panel Stair Treads and Risers ...56 Wood Structural Panels ..........99 and Handling .................30 Heavy Duty Plywood Floors .......56 Related Panel Systems ....... 100 Glulam Specification Guide ......31 Wall Construction ............. 58 The Permanent Cross-Laminated Timber Selection Continuously Sheathed Wood Foundation .............100 and Specification .............. 33 Wood Walls ..................58 Plywood for Concrete Forming ...100 Applications ..................33 APA Panel Wall Sheathing ........58 Structural Insulated Panels .......100 Advantages ..................33 Wood Structural Panel Wall APA Panels Over Metal Framing ...101 Allowable Design Capacities ......33 Bracing and Shear Walls .........60 APA Panel Systems Over Trademarks and Acceptance ......34 Wall Bracing .................60 Concrete Slabs ...............101 Laminations ..................34 Shear Walls ..................62 Special Floor Surfacing .........101 Adhesives ....................34 Designing for Combined About APA ................. 102 Cross-Laminated Timber Shear and Wind Uplift ..........64 Specification Guide. 34 Advanced Framing .............65 Structural Composite Lumber APA Sheathing Under Stucco ......66 Selection and Specification ...... 35 Wood Structural Panel Sheathing as a Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL) ....35 Nail Base for Siding and Trim ......67 Parallel Strand Lumber (PSL) ......35 APA Sturd-I-Wall® ..............68 Laminated Strand Lumber (LSL) ....35 Siding Fasteners ...............72 Form No. E30X ■ © 2019 APA – The Engineered Wood Association ■ www.apawood.org A GUIDE TO ENGINEERED WOOD PRODUCTS The evolution of engineered wood products has greatly expanded building options and methods in all forms of residential and commercial construction. The product section of this APA guide provides product information and specification recommendations for several of the most common engineered wood products—plywood, oriented