MI/DEQ/WD-04/013 Goose Lake Nutrient Study (Marquette County, Michigan) Prepared by: White Water Associates, Inc. 429 River Lane Amasa, Ml 49903 (SUBCONTRACTOR) Great Lakes Environmental Center 739 Hastings Street Traverse City, Ml 49686 (PRIME CONTRACTOR) Prepared for: Michigan Department of Environmental Quality Water Division Lansing, Michigan 48933-7773 Lead Staff Person: Sarah Walsh View of Goose Lake looking northwest from the Goose Lake Outlet (Marquette County). Photo by D Premo Contract Number: 071B1001643, Project Number: 03-02 Date: December 31, 2003 Goose Lake Nutrient Study (Marquette County, Michigan) Prepared by: White 'Nater Associates, Inc. 429 River Lane Amasa, rv11 49903 (SUBCONTRACTOR) Great Lakes Environmental Center 739 Hastings Street Traverse City, Ml 49686 (PRIME CONTRACTOR) Contacts: Dean B. Premo, Ph.D., White Water Associates Phone: (906) 822-7889; Fax: (906) 822-7977 E-mail: [email protected] Dennis McCauley, Great Lakes Environmental Center Phone. (231) 941-2230; Fax: (231) 941-2240 E-mail: [email protected] Prepared for: Michigan Department of Environmental Quality Water Division Lansing, Michigan 48933-7773 Lead Staff Person: Sarah Walsh Contract Number: 07181001643 Project Number: 03-02 Date: December 31, 2003 Goose Lake Nutrient Study (Marquette County, Michigan) Fieldwork: Dean Premo, Senior Ecologist David Tiller, Field Biologist Report: Dean Premo, Ph.D., Senior Ecologist Kent Premo, M.S., Technical Support Scientist Bette Premo, Ph.D., Limnologist Cite as: Premo, Dean, Kent Premo, and Bette Premo. 2003. Goose Lake Nutrient Study (Marquette County, Michigan). White Water Associates, Inc. Contents of Appendix A - Exhibits Exhibit 1. Map of the Goose Lake Study Landscape and Four Sampling Stat(ons. Exhibit 2. Photos of Goose Lake. Exhibit 3. Photos of Un-named Creek (Station 3) and Goose Lake Outlet (Station 4 ). Exhibit 4. Stream Discharge for Partridge Creek (Station 2), Un-named Creek (Station 3), and Goose Lake Outlet (Station 4). Exhibit 5. Photos of Algal Bloom and Decomposing Material in Goose L_ake. Contents of Appendix B - Tables Table 1. Analytical Chemistry Required For The Menominee River Study. Table 2. Discharge and Stage Height of Partridge Creek on Twelve Sample Bouts. Table 3. Discharge and Stage Height of Un-Named Creek on Twelve Sample Bouts. Table 4. Discharge and Stage Height of Goose Lake Outlet on Twelve Sample Bouts. Table 5. Discharge of Goose Lake Tributaries and Outlet and Lake Retention Time. Table 6. Summary of Precipitation Data Over the Study Period. Table 7. Goose Lake Field Measurements and Chlorophyll "a" and Total Phosphorus Results for Spring and Summer Sampling Bouts. Table 8. Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen, Total Phosphorus, Ammonia, Nitrate+Nitrite, Residue Suspended Solids, and Total Organic Carbon Results for Goose Lake. Table 9. Total Phosphorus Results for All Stream and Lake Stations and Dates. Table 10. Daily Loading of Total Phosphorus for Goose Lake Tributaries and Outlet. Table 11. Total Nitrogen Results for All Stream and Lake Stations and Dates. Table 12. Daily Loading of Total Nitrogen for Goose Lake Tributaries and Outlet. Contents of Appendix C - MDEQ and White Water Associates Laboratory Reports MDEO Environmental Laboratory Report for Lab Work Order #30500294- May 21, 2003 Sampling Bout - 3 pages MDEO Environmental Laboratory Report for Lab Work Order #30500317- ~-.'lay 22, 2003 Sampling Bout - 3 pages MDEO Environmental Laboratory Report for Lab Work Order #30600012 - May 29, 2003 Sampling Bout - 3 pages MDEO Environmental Laboratory Report for Lab Work Order #30600106 - June 9, 2003 Sampling Bout - 3 pages MDEO Environmental Laboratory Report for Lab Work Order #30600267 - June 24, 2003 Sampling Bout - 3 pages MDEO Environmental Laboratory Report for Lab Work Order #30700100 - July 8, 2003 Sampling Bout - 3 pages MDEO Environmental Laboratory Report for Lab Work Order #30700270 - July 24, 2003 Sampling Bout - 3 pages MDEO Environmental Laboratory Report for Lab Work Order #30800087 - August 6, 2003 Sampling Bout - 3 pages MDEQ Environmental Laboratory Report for Lab Work Order #30800295 - August 20, 2003 Sampling Bout - 5 pages MDEQ Environmental Laboratory Report for Lab Work Order #30900030 - September 2, 2003 Sampling Bout - 3 pages M DEQ Environmental Laboratory Report for Lab Work Order #30900259 - September 23, 2003 Sampling Bout - 3 pages MDEQ Environmental Laboratory Report for Lab \Nork Order #31000089 - October 8. 2003 Sampling Bout - 3 pages MDEO Environmental Laboratory Report for Lab Work Order #31100018 - October 31, 2003 Sampiing Bout - 3 pages (Contents of Appendix C - continued) VVhite VVater Associates Analytical Report for Job ¢¢18968 - ~lay 21, 2003 Sampling Bout - 3 pages White Water Associates Analytical Report for Job #18629 - May 22, 2003 Sampling Bout - 3 pages White Water Associates Analytical Report for Job #18665 - May 29, 2003 Sampling Bout - 3 pages White Water Associates Analytical Report for Job #18729 - June 9, 2003 Sampling Bout - 3 pages White Water Associates Analytical Report for Job #18808 - June 24, 2003 Sampling Bout - 3 pages White Water Associates Analytical Report for Job #1887 4 - July 8, 2003 Sampling Bout - 3 pages White Water Associates Analytical Report for Job #18956 - July 24, 2003 Sampling Bout - 3 pages White Water Associates Analytical Report for Job #19017 - August 6, 2003 Sampling Bout - 3 pages White Water Associates Analytical Report for Job #19072 - August 20, 2003 Sampling Bout - 4pages White Water Associates Analytical Report for Job #19134 - September 2, 2003 Sampling Bout - 3 pages White Water Associates Analytical Report for Job #19247 - September 23, 2003 Sampling Bout - 3 pages White Water Associates Analytical Report for Job #19333 - October 8, 2003 Sampling Bout - 3 pages White Water Associates Analytical Report for Job #194 75 - October 31, 2003 Sampling Bout - 3 pages INTRODUCTION Goose Lake in nlxthern :\brquette Count~.·, :\1ichig:m produces prolific J.li~1 bloorL-i that result in no:-:.ious odors :iad unplcas2.nt appe;ir:mce. These cornbine to cre:.:ite a lu\\ aesthetic 4ua1ity of the lake. Goose Lake is otherwise attr:ictive :ind situ:ited in a forested sdting \vith rock outcrops J.nd other scenic features visible from the Like. Other th:.:in a hunting cabin, there are no hum::111 dwellings on the 13.ke. Goose Lake enjoys popuLiri ty among fishermen. Its outlet. contributes wJ.ter to the EscanJ.ba River system. The ,\;lichigan Department of Environmental Quality (,\;ID EQ) \Vater Di vision (\VD) carried out an initial study of Coosc Lake :md its tributaries and outlet in 2002. The MD E Q investigation sought to obtain data that \\'Oulu help thc::m understand the nutrient rcbtionships in this lake and is reported by Villa (200.3 ). Because of the findings in the initial MDEQ investigation, the MDEQ-WD decided to further assess the trophic status of Goose Lake and to collect additional information to detern1ine the nutrient sources and nutrient dynamics of Goose Lake. White ·w atcr Associates scientists carrieu out this additional study during 2003. This document reports on the White Water Associates study of Goose Lake that took place during spring, summer, and fall of 2003. Besides this Introduction, the report is comprised of four sections. The second section, Swdy Arca and Sampling Locarions describes the general study area and identifies each of four sampling sites. The third section, Metlzocls, describes the field techniques for collection of limnological data and water samples. The Results wzcl Discussion section presents and discusses field observations, measurements, and analytical chemistry results obt1ined over the course of the study. Finally, the Uteruture Cited section provides complete reference to citcu literature. Support materials referenced from this report arc contained in three appendices. Exhibits (maps and photos) are found in Appendix A. T:.:ibles cont1ining data :.ire located in Appcndi:-:. B. Appcnuix C contains all the laboratory reports from the 0,,lDEQ bboratory and \Vhitc \Vatcr Associaks laboratory associated with this study. i \ / ~; :,·. • T .... l. (_ STUDY AREA AND SAMPLING LOCATIONS Goose L1ke is locJtcd m northern \larquette County, southe:ist of the City of ~egJunec, \lichigan (T.2~:\., R.26\\'. Section 1--1-). The surfa.ce are:.1 of Goose lake is about --1-50 acres and its depth is no greater thJn about .+.6 meters (15 feet). T\VO pem1anent streams flcrn into Goose lake. Partridge Creek is by far the larger of the t\VO and flows into the lake along the western shore. A much smaller un-narned creek flows into the lake about 2--1-0 meters ( SOO feet) south of the Partridge Creek inlet. Other water inputs into the lake are more diffuse ~md not evident as streams. For enrnple, a forested vvetland on the north drains into the lake. Goose Lake Outlet flows from Goose Lake on the eastern most tem1inus of the lake and just south of an unimproved boat launch site. A Chicczgo ancl Norrlnvestem Rui!rowl line runs very close to the lake along its entire southern shoreline (a distance of over one 1.5 km). In fact, the railroad track cuts off a small portion of the main body of the lake. Exhibit 1 depicts Goose Lake and its landscape setting. Exhibit 2 (Appendix A) presents two photographs of Goose Lake. For the purposes of this study, the approximate locations of four sampling stations were identified by the 0,;lDEQ-\VD and established in the fidJ by \Vhite \Valer Associates scie11lisb 1 using best professional judgment. Station 1 was located in the central and deepest part of Goose Lake. Stations 2 and 3 were locateJ on Partridge Creek and the un-named creek, respectively. Station 4 was located on the Goose Lake Outlet. Once the stations were established, the latitude and longitude coordinates were obtained with a GPS and recorded in field notes. Exhibit l illustrates the locations of the four sampling stations and they are further described in the remaining par;igraphs of this section. Samplillg Station 1 vvas located near the center of the main body of Goose lake in the deepest basin of the lake.