CONTENTS. Page Board of Regents ...............................................................................……………..………… 7 Officers of the board ....................................................................……………..………… 7 Publications of the Mineral Resources Survey of New Mexico…………………... 7 Letter of transmittal .........................................................................………………………… 8 Introduction ............................................................................……………..……….. 9 The manganese situation ...................................................…………….………... 9 Purpose and scope of investigation……………………………………………………..10 Acknowledgments ............................................................................................................……..…………..………. 11 PART I. MANGANESE, ITS MINERALS, AND ORES……………...…………… 13 Manganese ………………………………………………………………..……….…... 13 Characteristics and properties…………………………………..………….…… 13 Uses ………………………………………………………….………………….……. 13 Manganese minerals ……………………………………………………..…….…….. 15 Oxides ……………………………………………………………………….…..……. 15 Pyrolusite …………………………………………………………………...……. 15 Psilomelane………………………………………………………………...…….. 15 Manganite ……………………………………………………………...………… 16 Braunite …………………………………………………………………….…….. 16 Wad ………………………………………………………………………….……….16 Carbonates…………………………………………………………………….…….… 16 Rhodochrosite ……………………………………………………………………. 16 Manganiferous calcite …………………………………………. ........................ 17 Manganiferous siderite ....................................................................................... 17 Silicate ........................................................................................................................... 17 Rhodonite ........................................................................................................... 17 Comparison of manganese minerals..................................................................... 17 Qualitative tests for manganese ................................................................................. 19 Manganese and manganiferous ores............................................................................. 20 Manganese ores ................................................................................................................ 20 Manganiferous iron ores................................................................................................ 20 Manganiferous silver ores ............................................................................................. 21 Present method of classification................................................................................. 21 Marketing of manganese ores .......................................................................................... 22 Manganese ore prices...................................................................................................... 22 Premiums and penalties .................................................................. 22 Payments and other stipulations ......................................................................... 23 Approximate value of New Mexico manganese ores.............................................. 24 Sampling and analysis by the School of Mines as the basis of settlement . ...................................................................................... 25 Special high-grade ores .................................................................................................. 27 Other salable ores............................................................................................................. 27 Purchasers of manganese ores.................................................................................... 28 Utilization of low-grade ores………………………………………………. ........ 28 Hand picking ...................................................................................... 29 Jigging and table treatment.................................................................. 29 Screening ........................................................................................... 29 Magnetic processes ............................................................................. 29 Flotation ................................................................................................................... 30 Leaching . .......................................................................................... 30 4 CONTENTS. Page PART II. NEW MEXICO DISTRICTS, PROPERTIES, AND ORE DEPOSITS ……. 31 General characteristics of the deposits .......................................................................... 31 Classification based on shape and type of deposition ....................................... 31 Deposits in breccia zones, sheeted zones, and fissures ............................... 31 Replacement deposits ........................................................................................... 31 Sedimentary deposits ............................................................................................ 31 Classification based on the composition of the ores ........................................ 32 Manganese deposits .............................................................................................. 32 Manganiferous iron and manganiferous silver deposits............................. 33 Primary ore deposits ................................................................................................... 33 Alteration and enrichment of primary deposits ................................................. 34 Dona Ana County .............................................................................................................. 35 Rincon district ............................................................................................................. 35 Location and geology.............................................................................................. 35 Properties and ore deposits.................................................................................. 36 Morgan group .................................................................................................... 36 Rincon mine ....................................................................................................... 37 Lighttower property .......................................................................................... 38 Sheriff mine ........................................................................................................ 38 Cook placer claims ............................................................................................ 38 Grant County ..................................................................................................................... 39 Silver City district........................................................................................................ 39 Location and topography ...................................................................................... 39 General geology ....................................................................................................... 40 Rock formations ................................................................................................ 40 Pre-Cambrian rocks .................................................................................... 40 Bliss sandstone ............................................................................................. 40 El Paso limestone .......................................................................................... 40 Montoya limestone ....................................................................................... 40 Fusselman limestone ............................................................................... 40 Percha shale ................................................................................................... 40 Fierro limestone ............................................................................................ 41 Beartooth quartzite .................................................................................. 41 Colorado shale ............................................................................................... 41 Quartz monzonite porphyry....................................................................... 41 Structure ........................................................................................................ 41 Properties and ore deposits except at Boston Hill ........................................ 42 Nineteen-sixteen mine .................................................................................... 42 Causland property ........................................................................................... 43 Silver City manganese mine........................................................................ 44 Boston Hill properties and ore deposits........................................................... 44 General statement ............................................................................................ 44 History ............................................................................................................. 44 Rocks and structure ......................................................................................... 45 Ore deposits ................................................................................................... 46 Replacement deposits in limestone ......................................................... 46 Replacement