Deforestation means clearing of forests and using that land for other puposes. Natural causes Man-made causes Land slides Severe droughts Forest fires Clearing land for- a. Agricultural use, b. Building houses and factories, c. Making furniture, d. Using wood as fuel, e. Making roads,etc. Disturbs balance in nature Increased amount of Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere Change in soil properties which leads to desertification Decrease in water holding capacity of soil which leads to flood Less amount of nutrients in soil Individual efforts Efforts by society Efforts by the government- a. Rules, Methods and policies to protect and conserve the forest and wildlife b. Biosphere reserves c. Wildlife sanctuaries d. National parks The areas for conservation of biodiversity i.e. plants, animals and microorganisms. They help to maintain the biodiversity and culture of that area. Pachmarhi Biosphere reserve consists of- Satpura National Park Bori Wildlife Sanctuary Pachmarhi Wildlife Sanctuary The plants and animals found in particular area are known as Flora and Fauna of that area. A group of population which are capable of interbreeding. Members of a species can reproduce only with the members of their own species. They have common characteristics. Some species are classified on the basis of extinction as follows- a. Critically endangered species b. Endangered species c. Vulnerable species d. Endemic species Species that are on the verge of extinction. Species that are not endangered at present but might become endangered in future. Launched by Indian government in 1973. Aims to protect and maintain a sustainable population of the tiger which has become an endangered species. Satpura Tiger Reserve is the first Tiger Reserve in India. An ecosystem is made of all living components like plants, animals and microorganisms along with non-living components like climate, soil, rivers, deltas, etc. The source book which keeps a record of all the endangered animals and plants. The IUCN [International Union For Conservation Of Nature And Natural Resources] maintains the Red Data Book. It also maintains the Red List which keeps a record on population status of species. The movement of birds and animals from one part of the world to another. Some of the birds migrate due to the following reasons- a. Climatic changes b. For laying eggs Paper is made from wood pulp. 17 full grown trees required to make one ton of paper. Saving paper means saving trees. Restocking of the destroyed forests by planting new trees. Planted trees should be of the same species as that of the destroyed trees. Plant at least as many trees as were destroyed. Reforestation also occurs naturally, if destroyed area is left undisturbed. To retain our green wealth for future generations, reforestation is the only option. .