2019 Organic Farming and Market in the European Union Edition ORGANIC FARMING AND MARKET IN THE EUROPEAN UNION International publications by Agence BIO 2019 Edition 1 Organic Farming and Market in the European Union Table of contents THE DEVELOPMENT AND CHARACTERISTICS OF ORGANIC AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION ......................................4 GROWTH CONTINUED IN 2017 AND 2018 ...................................................................................................................................... 4 7.5% OF THE AGRICULTURAL AREA OF THE EU WAS GROWN ORGANICALLY IN 2018.............................................................................. 7 MAIN DEVELOPMENTS BETWEEN 2000 AND 2018 .......................................................................................................................... 8 A SHARE OF IN-CONVERSION AREAS HIGH IN A LARGE NUMBER OF COUNTRIES ...................................................................................10 SIGNIFICANT REGIONAL SPECIFICITIES WITHIN EACH COUNTRY ......................................................................................................... 11 OTHER OPERATORS IN THE ORGANIC SECTOR ................................................................................................... 13 A HETEROGENEOUS DEVELOPMENT OF THE PROCESSING OF ORGANIC FOOD ACCORDING TO THE COUNTRIES ......................................... 13 IMPORTERS AND EXPORTERS OF ORGANIC PRODUCTS..................................................................................................................... 13 CHARACTERISTICS AND DEVELOPMENTS OF THE ORGANIC MARKET .................................................................. 14 MORE OR LESS DIVERSIFIED AND STRUCTURED DISTRIBUTION CHANNELS ..........................................................................................14 THE ORGANIC CONSUMPTION CONTINUES TO INCREASE. ................................................................................................................ 15 FOCUS ON THE 10 MAIN ORGANIC MARKETS OF THE EUROPEAN UNION ............................................................................................ 17 THE ORGANIC MARKET IN THE OTHER EU COUNTRIES .....................................................................................................................38 FOCUS ON ORGANIC PRODUCTS IN OUT-OF-HOME CATERING ......................................................................................................... 50 CONCLUSIONS ON ORGANIC CONSUMPTION ................................................................................................................................ 63 Common aspects to many EU countries..............................................................................................................................63 Differences between EU countries ..................................................................................................................................... 65 What future developments for the EU organic markets? .................................................................................................... 65 EXCHANGES OF ORGANIC PRODUCTS ................................................................................................................ 67 MAIN FEATURES .......................................................................................................................................................................67 TRADE INSIDE THE EUROPEAN UNION ......................................................................................................................................... 69 Exports .............................................................................................................................................................................. 70 Imports.............................................................................................................................................................................. 71 TRADE WITH THIRD COUNTRIES .................................................................................................................................................. 72 Exports of organic products to Third Countries ................................................................................................................... 72 Imports of organic products from the Third Countries into the EU ....................................................................................... 73 Trade with the United Kingdom after the Brexit ................................................................................................................. 76 FOCUS ON ORGANIC CROPS IN THE EUROPEAN UNION ...................................................................................... 77 CEREALS, OILSEEDS, PROTEIN CROPS AND DRY PULSES: MORE THAN 2.9 MILLION HA GROWN ORGANICALLY IN 2018 .............................. 77 Cereals: 16% of the EU areas grown organically in 2018 ..................................................................................................... 78 Oilseeds: increasing areas in 2017 and 2018 ...................................................................................................................... 80 Protein crops and pulses: 16.2% increase in 2018 ...............................................................................................................81 ORGANIC SUGAR BEET: MAINLY GROWN IN GERMANY ................................................................................................................... 82 VEGETABLES: A VARIED ORGANIC PRODUCTION .............................................................................................................................83 ORGANIC FRUITS: SPAIN AND ITALY AT THE TOP ........................................................................................................................... 85 ORGANIC FRUIT AND VEGETABLE MARKET ................................................................................................................................... 88 FRAGRANT, AROMATIC AND MEDICINAL PLANTS: ALMOST 98,500 HA GROWN ORGANICALLY IN THE EU IN 2018 ................................... 90 VITICULTURE: NEARLY 347,600 HA OF VINES GROWN ORGANICALLY IN THE EU IN 2018..................................................................... 90 FOCUS ON ORGANIC ANIMAL PRODUCTIONS IN THE EU ..................................................................................... 94 ORGANIC COW'S MILK: MORE THAN 5.4 MILLION TONS IN 2018 ...................................................................................................... 94 ORGANIC GOATS: GREECE AT THE TOP .......................................................................................................................................100 MARKET FOR ORGANIC BABY PRODUCTS: PRODUCTS LIKED IN MANY COUNTRIES ..............................................................................100 2 Organic Farming and Market in the European Union ORGANIC BEEF, MUTTON AND PORK MEATS: INCREASING PRODUCTIONS......................................................................................... 101 ORGANIC POULTRY: A MAJORITY OF BROILERS ............................................................................................................................104 EGGS: MORE THAN 6 BILLION ORGANIC EGGS LAID IN THE EU IN 2018 ............................................................................................104 ORGANIC HONEY: NEARLY 871,000 ORGANIC HIVES IN 2017 ......................................................................................................... 105 ORGANIC AQUACULTURE: MUSSELS AND SALMON ARE THE MAIN PRODUCTIONS ..............................................................................106 WILLINGNESS TO DEVELOP THE ORGANIC SECTOR AND PUBLIC POLICIES ........................................................ 109 NEW ORGANIC REGULATIONS OF THE EUROPEAN UNION ..............................................................................................................109 COMMON AGRICULTURAL POLICY ............................................................................................................................................. 110 EUROPEAN UNION ORGANIC ACTION PLAN ................................................................................................................................. 111 NATIONAL OR REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS ................................................................................................................... 111 PROMOTION OF ORGANIC PRODUCTS ........................................................................................................................................ 117 RESEARCH SUPPORT ............................................................................................................................................................... 118 SUPPORT FOR TRAINING AND ADVICE ......................................................................................................................................... 121 OTHER SUBSIDIES TO OPERATORS ............................................................................................................................................. 122 PROTECTION OF PUBLIC SPACES AND FRAGILE AREAS ................................................................................................................... 125 OTHER ACTIONS .....................................................................................................................................................................126