- Deschutes County Solid Waste Management Plan 201920192019 “Providing a Roadmap for a Sustainable Future” Prepared: July 2019 Deschutes County Department of Solid Waste Solid Waste Management Plan Prepared by JRMA, Inc. In Association With GBB, Inc. ESI G. Friesen, Associates Barney & Worth July 2019 Document has been Printed on Recycled Paper Solid Waste Advisory Committee (SWAC) Recognition The Board of County Commissioners would like to recognize the members of the Solid Waste Advisory Committee (SWAC) for their dedication of time and effort to participate in preparing the 2019 Solid Waste Management Plan (SWMP). The SWAC held monthly meetings to review and comment on the SWMP as it was developed. At each meeting, they provided time for members of the general public to comment and offer suggestions. The SWAC also participated in two public meetings during the planning process. Their commitment of time and input made a valuable contribution to help shape the direction of the solid waste management system for the citizens and businesses of Deschutes County. Name Representing Note CURRENT Jerry Andres Citizen at Large Brad Bailey Bend Garbage and Recycling Jared Black Citizen at Large Bill Duerden City of Redmond Paul Bertagna City of Sisters Catherine Morrow Citizen at Large Jake Obrist City of La Pine Cassie Lacy City of Bend Replaced G. Ockner 2/12/19 Mike Riley The Environmental Center Erwin Swetnam Cascade Disposal Rick Williams Citizen at Large FORMER Gillian Ockner City of Bend Replaced by C. Lacy 2/12/19 Brant Kucera City of Sisters Replaced by P. Bertagna 8/21/18 Smith Reese Citizen at Large Resigned 7/12/18 Solid Waste Management Plan Table of Contents Table of Contents ............................................................................................. i Glossary ......................................................................................................... vi Executive Summary ........................................................................................... 1. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................... 1 1.1 Context of the Plan Update ............................................................... 1 1.2 Plan Purpose and Goals .................................................................... 2 1.3 Issues Addressed by the Plan ........................................................... 4 1.3.1 Overview of Regulations for Managing Solid Waste .................... 5 1.4 Regulations Related to Local Authority ............................................... 5 1.5 Plan Organization ............................................................................ 7 1.6 Public Participation .......................................................................... 8 2. BACKGROUND AND WASTE STREAM ANALYSIS .................................. 2-1 2.1 Introduction ................................................................................ 2-1 2.2 Characteristics of the Planning Area ................................................ 2-1 2.3 Description of the Current Solid Waste Management System .............. 2-4 2.3.1 Summary of Annual Solid Waste Generation .......................... 2-4 2.3.2 Refuse Collection ............................................................... 2-6 2.3.3 Transfer Stations ............................................................... 2-6 2.3.4 Disposal Facility – Knott Landfill ........................................... 2-9 2.3.5 Recycling Systems ............................................................. 2-9 2.4 Projected Waste Stream Quantities and Composition ....................... 2-12 2.4.1 Historical Solid Waste Data ............................................... 2-13 2.4.2 Waste Stream Composition ............................................... 2-14 2.4.3 Waste Stream Generation Forecast ..................................... 2-16 3. WASTE PREVENTION, REDUCTION, REUSE & RECYCLING ANALYSIS .. 3-1 3.1 Introduction ................................................................................ 3-1 3.2 Background ................................................................................... 3-1 3.3 Existing Waste Reduction and Reuse Programs .................................... 3-6 3.3.1 Existing Waste Reduction Programs ........................................ 3-8 3.3.2 Reuse Programs ................................................................ 3-22 3.3.3 Recycling Programs/Services ............................................... 3-24 3.3.4 Composting ...................................................................... 3-25 3.4 Needs and Opportunities for Increased Waste Prevention, Reduction, Reuse, and Recycling Activities ............................................................. 3-25 3.5 Alternatives for Increased Waste Prevention, Reduction, Reuse, and Recycling Activities ............................................................................. 3-26 3.6 Recommendations for Increased Waste Prevention, Reduction, Reuse, and Recycling Activities ............................................................................. 3-37 4. COLLECTION AND RECYCLING/PROCESSING ..................................... 4-1 4.1 Background and Existing Conditions ................................................ 4-1 4.2 Existing Collection and Processing .................................................. 4-4 4.2.1 Collection ......................................................................... 4-4 4.2.2 Processing ...................................................................... 4-10 4.3 Needs and Opportunities for Collection and Recycling/Processing ...... 4-19 4.4 Recommendations for Collection and Recycling/Processing ............... 4-35 i Solid Waste Management Plan 5. TRANSFER SYSTEM ............................................................................. 5-1 5.1 Existing Conditions ....................................................................... 5-1 5.2 Transfer Station Operation Approach .............................................. 5-2 5.3 Waste and Vehicle Volumes to Each Transfer Station ......................... 5-4 5.4 Recycling at Transfer Stations ........................................................ 5-5 5.5 Negus Transfer Station ................................................................. 5-9 5.5.1 Facility Needs .................................................................. 5-10 5.6 Southwest Transfer Station ......................................................... 5-10 5.7 Northwest and Alfalfa Transfer Stations ......................................... 5-11 5.8 Knott Transfer Station ................................................................ 5-12 5.8.1 Disposal at a New In-County Landfill................................... 5-13 5.8.2 Disposal at an Out-of-County Landfill .................................. 5-13 5.8.3 Other Operation Related Requirements ............................... 5-14 5.8.4 Collection Considerations for Specific Wastes ....................... 5-14 5.9 Needs and Opportunities ............................................................. 5-14 5.10 Recommendations ..................................................................... 5-15 6. ALTERNATIVE TECHNOLOGIES AND SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL ........... 6-1 6.1 Background and Existing Conditions .................................................. 6-1 6.1.1 Introduction ...................................................................... 6-1 6.1.2 Existing Landfill Disposal ..................................................... 6-1 6.2 Waste Stream Projections ............................................................. 6-4 6.2.1 Needs and Opportunities ..................................................... 6-5 6.3 Alternatives and Evaluation ........................................................... 6-5 6.3.1 Alternatives Technologies for Conversion/Reduction of Municipal Solid Waste ................................................................................. 6-5 6.3.2 Mixed Waste Processing ...................................................... 6-6 6.3.3 Technology Summary ....................................................... 6-30 6.4 Findings and Recommendations ................................................... 6-32 7. LANDFILL DISPOSAL OPTIONS .......................................................... 7-1 7.1 Background ................................................................................. 7-1 7.2 County Authority for Waste Disposal ............................................... 7-2 7.3 Existing Landfill Disposal ............................................................... 7-3 7.4 Waste Stream Projections ............................................................. 7-6 7.5 Needs and Opportunities ............................................................... 7-7 7.6 Disposal Options .......................................................................... 7-7 7.6.1 Long-Haul Waste to Out-of-County Landfills ........................... 7-7 7.6.2 Option - Site and Build a New In-County Landfill .................. 7-13 7.7 Evaluation of Disposal Options ..................................................... 7-17 7.8 Recommendations ...................................................................... 7-21 8. ADMINISTRATION AND FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT ............................ 8-1 8.1 Introduction ................................................................................ 8-1 8.2 Background and Existing Conditions ...............................................