MAINE STATE HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN 2019 Abstract “Natural hazard mitigation planning is a process used by state, tribal, and local governments to engage stakeholders, identify hazards and vulnerabilities, develop a long-term strategy to reduce risk and future losses, and implement the plan, taking advantage of a wide range of resources.” FEMA Maine Emergency Management Agency 45 Commerce Dr. Augusta, ME 04333 OCTOBER 2019 Peter J. Rogers, Acting Director Maine Emergency Management Agency Joe Legee, Acting Deputy Director Maine Emergency Management Agency Prepared By: MEMA State Hazard Mitigation Officer & Natural Hazards Planner MAINE STATE HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN – 2019 Update TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................. 1-1 Background ..................................................................................................... 1-1 Demographic and Resource Profiles ............................................................... 1-3 State Profile ...................................................................................................... 1-3 Geographic Profile .............................................................................................1-3 Climate ............................................................................................................. 1-5 Climate Change .................................................................................................1-8 Human Geography ........................................................................................... 1-13 Demographic Profile ..........................................................................................1-13 Governing Profile ...............................................................................................1-15 Economic Profile ................................................................................................1-19 THE PLANNING PROCESS ............................................................................ 2-1 DOCUMENTATION OF THE PLANNING PROCESS .......................................2-2 How the Plan was Prepared ............................................................................. 2-2 Who was Involved ..............................................................................................2-3 How Other Agencies Participated ......................................................................2-4 How the Planning Team Reviewed Each Section of the Plan ...........................2-10 How Changes in the Plan are Shown ................................................................2-11 COORDINATION AMONG AGENCIES .............................................................2-11 How Federal and State Agencies Were Involved ..............................................2-11 How Interested Groups Were Involved ..............................................................2-11 How Coordination Has Changed since Approval of the Last Plan .................... 2-12 PROGRAM INTEGRATION ............................................................................. .2-12 Integration with Other State Planning Efforts .....................................................2-12 Integration with FEMA Mitigation Programs .......................................................2-13 ISSUES AND CHALLENGES ............................................................................2-13 RISK ASSESSMENT ........................................................................................ 3-1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................3-1 IDENTIFYING HAZARDS .................................................................................. 3-3 Description of all-Natural Hazards ......................................................................3-3 PROFILING HAZARDS ......................................................................................3-4 Wildfire ...............................................................................................................3-5 General Definition ............................................................................................. 3-5 Types of Events ................................................................................................ 3-5 Nature of Hazard ............................................................................................... 3-5 Location of Hazard ............................................................................................ 3-6 Extent of Hazard ................................................................................................3-6 Impact ............................................................................................................... 3-6 Vulnerability ........................................................................................................3-7 Previous Occurrences ........................................................................................3-9 Probability of Occurrence ................................................................................. 3-13 Issues and Challenges ..................................................................................... 3-14 Flooding .......................................................................................................... 3-14 General Definition ............................................................................................ 3-14 Types of Events ............................................................................................... 3-14 Nature of Hazard .............................................................................................. 3-16 Location of Hazard ........................................................................................... 3-16 Extent of Hazard ............................................................................................... 3-21 Impact ............................................................................................................... 3-21 Vulnerability ...................................................................................................... 3-22 Previous Occurrences ...................................................................................... 3-21 Probability of Occurrence ................................................................................. 3-37 Issues and Challenges ..................................................................................... 3-38 Severe Summer Weather ................................................................................ 3-38 General Definition ............................................................................................. 3-38 Types of Events ................................................................................................ 3-38 Location of Hazard ........................................................................................... 3-39 Extent of Hazard ............................................................................................... 3-39 Impact ............................................................................................................... 3-41 Vulnerability ...................................................................................................... 3-41 Previous Occurrences ...................................................................................... 3-41 Probability of Occurrence ................................................................................. 3-42 Issues and Challenges ..................................................................................... 3-42 Severe Winter Weather ....................................................................................3-43 General Definition ..............................................................................................3-43 Types of Events .................................................................................................3-43 Nature of Hazard ...............................................................................................3-43 Location of Hazard ............................................................................................3-44 Extent of Hazard ................................................................................................3-44 Impact ................................................................................................................3-44 Vulnerability .......................................................................................................3-44 Previous Occurrences .......................................................................................3-44 Probability of Occurrence ..................................................................................3-50 Issues and Challenges ......................................................................................3-50 Hurricanes & Major Tropical Storms ..................................................................3-51 General Definition ..............................................................................................3-51 Types of Events .................................................................................................3-51 Nature of Hazard ................................................................................................3-51 Location of Hazard .............................................................................................3-52