Operational Guidelines Scheme for Trans-disciplinary Research for India’s Developing Economy STRIDE Quality Mandate for Higher Education Institutions in India July, 2019 University Grants Commission Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002 Website: www.ugc.ac.in Stride Guidelines.indd 1 08-07-2019 21:04:53 University Grants Commission Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002 Website: www.ugc.ac.in © University Grants Commission JulyFebruary,, 2019 2021 ISBN 978-81-948355-9-2 Published by : Secretary, University Grants Commission, Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi- 110002 Designed and Printed by : Chandu Press D-97, Shakarpur, Delhi-110092 Ph. : +91 9810519841, 011-22526936 Printed and Published by : Secretary, University Grants Commission, Bahadur Shah E-mail : [email protected] Zafar Marg, New Delhi- 110002 Designed and Printed by : Chandu Press D-97, Shakarpur, Delhi-110092 Ph. : +91 9810519841, 011-22526936 E-mail : [email protected] Table of Contents Foreword v Acknowledgements vii Quality Improvement Programmes in Higher Education Bhushan Patwardhan, Pankaj Mittal, Renu Batra 1 Values And Ethics For Quality Higher Education Rajnish Jain 26 Students’ Induction Programme in Higher Education Institutes A.K. Singh, Soumya Roy, Yamini Karmarkar, Renu Batra 37 The Role of ICT in Higher Education in India Amita Chatterjee 58 University-Society Connect Darshan Shankar 79 Research and Innovation in Universities Why and How These Should be Promoted S.C. Lakhotia 89 Capacity Building of Faculty from Higher Education Vasudha Kamat 115 Life Skills Jayendrasinh Jadav 138 Evaluation Reforms in Higher Education Manikrao M. Salunkhe and Anthony Rose 152 Education System Student Tracking and Alumni Network Sushila Singh 174 Ancient Indian Education System Versus Modern Education Methodology S. C. Sharma 179 Capacity Building of Teaching Fraternity and Quality in Internationalization H. Vinod Bhat 195 Financing of Higher Education In India N.V. Varghese 223 Systems Approach to Skilling and Vocational Education in India Mugdha Sharma, Prem Kumar Kalra, K. Soami Daya, and J. K. Verma 2236 National Educational Policy-2020 Mandate for Quality Higher Education in India M.K. Sridhar and Chetan Singai 259 iii FOREWORD In its constant endeavour to ensure quality and excellence in higher education, UGC has been striving to take initiatives to continuously improve the quality in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in India. Moving ahead in this direction, UGC in 2018, set forth the Quality Mandate, an initiative , with the all-encompassing priority to improve teaching learning and innovative skills, critical thinking, inclusiveness, employability, learning outcomes curriculum framework, gender sensitization, social connect, sustainable development competitiveness, and skill development of students in the tertiary education system in India. I am proud to present a book on ‘UGC’s Quality Mandate Initiatives’, a work of dedication and commitment, which will be a torchbearer for the stakeholders of Indian Higher Education landscape, to explore through the key initiatives the higher education regulator has already undertaken to compete with the global scenario. Various focus areas of the book relate to teacher training, induction programmes for students, faculty development programme, accreditation, assessment and examination reforms, society and industry connect, institution-industry interface, ICT-based leaning and mentoring of institutions. Special care has been taken to establish a link with India’s heritage and traditions to ensure learning with a healthy mix of the ancient heritage and the twenty-first century dynamics . UGC embarked on this journey in 2018 by setting Quality Mandate objectives and ten verticals. In the last two years committed and dedicated work has resulted in the successful implementation of all verticals and now this scholarly and adding to the glory this well-balanced book is being brought out on Quality Mandate. I hope the HEIs and the stakeholders find the subject matter in this book immensely informative and it helps them to reflect on their own practices. My congratulations and thanks to all the authors for their contribution to this endeavour of UGC in improving Quality of Higher Education in India. The esteemed contributors to this book are authorities in their fields and therefore, they are entitled to express their thoughts and points of view. We thank them for their valuable cooperation and contribution.For UGC to successfully publish this scholarly book during the period of nation- wide lockdown is possible only because of the sincere efforts of Prof. Bhushan v Patwardhan, Vice-Chairman, UGC, Prof. Rajnish Jain, Secretary, UGC and I take this opportunity to sincerely acknowledge the significant contributions of Dr N Gopukumar , Joint Secretary ,UGC and Dr Diksha Rajput, Deputy Secretary, UGC in bringing out this book. I hope the Higher Education Institutions and its stakeholders may find the subject matter in this book greatly helpful and could make them reflect on their own practices. Prof. D. P. Singh Chairman University Grants Commission New Delhi 8th February, 2021 vi Acknowledgements The expansion of higher education sector in the recent times is unprecedented. Since the beginning of the century, there is a fourfold increase in the number of universities, colleges, number of students and faculty members. With the record growth of higher education sector, it became important to pay sufficient attention to higher education sector to ensure that the expansion is qualitative and meaningful for students and the society. It is in this background, UGC launched “Quality Mandate” in 2018 with five objectives and 10 verticals. The last two years have been quite productive for the UGC and the result is that all the verticals have been implemented and now a book on “Quality Mandate” comprising 15 chapters on different titles connected with quality mandate. Well known authors and experts of their fields: Prof. Bhushan Patwardhan, Dr.Renu Batra, Dr. Pankaj Mittal, Prof. Darshan Shankar, Prof. Amita Chatterjee, Prof. A.K.Singh, Prof. Soumya Roy, Prof. Yamini Karmarkar, Prof. Jayendrasingh Jadav, Prof. S.C.Lakhotia, Prof. Vadudha Kamat, Prof. M.M.Salunkhe, Prof. Anthony Rose, Prof. Sushila Singh, Prof. H.Vinod Bhat, Prof. S.C.Sharma, Prof. N.V.Varghese, Prof. M.K Sridhar, Prof. Chetan Singai, Prof.Mugdha Sharma, Prof. Prem Kumar Kalra, Prof. K.Soami Daya, and Prof. J.R. Verma have contributed enormously in the form of chapters for the book. I thank all of them for their valuable contribution in the form of chapters for the book. I am grateful to Prof. D.P.Singh, Chairman UGC for his visionary leadership in setting the “Quality Mandate” and encouraging its implementation. I am also thankful to Prof. Bhushan Patwardhan, Vice Chairman, UGC for his support and guidance in publishing this book. I sincerely thank Ms. Indu Ramchandani for taking up the task of editing the book and completing it in record time. I am thankful to Shri Prakash Thakur, Financial Advisor, UGC for his continued support. I appreciate and thank Dr. Gopukumar, Joint Secretary, Dr. Diksha Rajput and the team of publications section for their untiring efforts in bringing out this book. I would like to place on record my appreciation to all UGC officials who have contributed in bringing up this book, especially at a time when the country is undergoing unprecedented times due to COVID-19 pandemic. Prof. Rajnish Jain Secretary, UGC University Grants Commission New Delhi 8th February, 2021 vii QUALITY IMPROVEMENT PROGRAMMES IN HIGHER EDUCATION Bhushan Patwardhan*, Pankaj Mittal**, Renu Batra*** EDUCATION FOR NEW INDIA “Whatever education a university imparts, it must achieve the global level of benchmarking given the vastness and diversity of the global village we live in today”… Prime Minister Narendra Modi Quality education empowers people to optimally achieve their potential both as individuals and as members of society. It is not merely about teaching facts, but also about cultivating knowledge on how to establish those facts. Quality education involves critical thinking, and learning to work with others along with working independently, in multiple disciplines. Mahatma Gandhi’s ideas on education, like Buniyadi Shiksha, are more valid today, as we celebrated his 150th birth anniversary in 2019. In line with these developments and juxtaposing the aspirations of New India, NITI Aayog (the policy think-tank of the Government of India), came out with a 15-year agenda for the education sector articulating its vision, strategy, and action plans. In 2018, the University Grants Commission (UGC) declared Quality Mandate, consisting of 10 verticals. Following this, the Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD) constituted a high-power committee, under the chairmanship of Dr. K. Kasturirangan, to prepare the Draft of the National Education Policy (DNEP). The DNEP- 2019 envisions an India-centred education system that contributes directly to transforming India into a sustainably equitable and vibrant knowledge society, by providing high-quality education in a holistic manner. It is based on the principles of access, equity, quality, innovation, and excellence. The regulatory framework must encourage not-for-profit private efforts while eliminating the commercialization of education by ensuring good governance, financial stability and security, educational outcomes, and transparency of disclosures. The DNEP strongly advocates a student-centric system,