University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Faculty Publications: Department of Entomology Entomology, Department of 2014 MINUTE PIRATE BUG (ORIUS INSIDIOSUS SAY) POPULATIONS ON TRANSGENIC AND NON-TRANSGENIC MAIZE USING DIFFERENT SAMPLING TECHNIQUES Santiago A. Palizada University of Nebraska-Lincoln Bamphitlhi Tiroesele University of Nebraska-Lincoln Difabachew B. Kondidie University of Nebraska-Lincoln, [email protected] Muhammad Irfan Ullah University of Sargodha, [email protected] Fatima Mustafa University of Agriculture Faisalabad See next page for additional authors Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/entomologyfacpub Part of the Entomology Commons Palizada, Santiago A.; Tiroesele, Bamphitlhi; Kondidie, Difabachew B.; Ullah, Muhammad Irfan; Mustafa, Fatima; Hunt, Thomas E.; Clark, Pete L.; Molina-Ochoa, Jaime; Skoda, Steven R.; and Foster, John E., "MINUTE PIRATE BUG (ORIUS INSIDIOSUS SAY) POPULATIONS ON TRANSGENIC AND NON- TRANSGENIC MAIZE USING DIFFERENT SAMPLING TECHNIQUES" (2014). Faculty Publications: Department of Entomology. 602. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/entomologyfacpub/602 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Entomology, Department of at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Publications: Department of Entomology by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Authors Santiago A. Palizada, Bamphitlhi Tiroesele, Difabachew B. Kondidie, Muhammad Irfan Ullah, Fatima Mustafa, Thomas E. Hunt, Pete L. Clark, Jaime Molina-Ochoa, Steven R. Skoda, and John E. Foster This article is available at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/ entomologyfacpub/602 MINUTE PIRATE BUG (ORIUS INSIDIOSUS SAY) POPULATIONS ON TRANSGENIC AND NON-TRANSGENIC MAIZE USING DIFFERENT SAMPLING TECHNIQUES SlIntillgo A. Palizllda"', Blimphitlhi Tiroesele"", Difabachew BelllY Kondidie'·7 ;\fllhammad Irfan lJllah', Fatimll Mustafa', Thomas E. Hunt'. Pete L. Clark" Jaime Molina-Ochoa"", Steven R. Skoda' and John E. Foster' 'Departmcntof Entomology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 103 Entomoillgy Hall, Lincoln. NE 68583-0816, liSA 'HaskclAgricultural Laboratory. 57905 866 Road. Concord, "'E 68728. USA 'Simpk,t-Manager Regulatory Affairs. 536<;1 W Irving Street. Boise. Idaho 83706, USA 'l"niversidad de Colima. Coordinacion General de Investigacion Cientifica. Centru Univcrsitario de Investigacion y Desarrollu Agropecuario. Km. 40 autopista Colima-Manzanillo. Tecoman. Colima 28930. Mexico 'CSDA-ARS-KBUSLIRL Screwworm Research Unit, 2700 Fredericksburg Road Kerrville. TX 71<02R. LTSA ''Departmcnt or i\griculturc-Burcuu of Plant Industry. 692 San Andres St, Malate. Manila 1004. Philippines 'Dc'''' AgroSciencc~, Ill07~ N 1500 E Road, Pontiac, IL b 1764, USA. ''Department of entomology. University College of Sargodha, Cniversity of Sargc>I.lha, Pakistan 'Department of Entomology, University of Agriculturc Faisalabad, Pakistan '''Departm~nt orCrop Science and Prouuction, Hotswana College of Agriculture. Private Bag 0027, Gaboronc. Hotswan:L ARTICLE INFORMATION ABSTRACT Received: Junuury 15, :014 Field experiments were conducted to evaluate the populations of minute pirate bug [GrillS insidioslfS (Say)] using visual, sticky cards and destructive sampling techniques in transgenic Recci\'cd in fevised f()rm: June 10.2014 and non-transgenic maize in three locations in Nebraska (Mead, Clay Center. and Concord) AC"crted: June 23, 2014 United States of America. during 2007 and 2008 . All sampling methods revealed signiticant counts of 0. i/1sidiOSlIS on CP4 EPSPS maize plus an insecticide applicalion lor control of lirst generation 0. nllbilali.l' at R2 (blister) sampling period. Similarly, visual observations of *Corrcsponding Author: G. insidioslIS on Cry I i\b x Cry3Bb I x CP4 EPSPS maize yielded signilicantly higher mean adult counts at R2 (blister) sampling period tor both years while, sticky cards and destructive Jaimc Molina-Ochoa sampling methods gave significant counts during 2007 and 2008, respectively. During both Email: jmolinal801hotmail.com sampling periods (R I ~md R2), mean adult counts of 0. insidiosis differ significantly among the three sites at Mead. Clay Center, and Concord. Nebraska. Results from this research show that Cry lAb maize, Cry lAb x CP4 EPSPS maize. Cry lAb x Cry3Bbi x CP4 EPSPS maize, and CN EPSPS maize had no signil1cant dfects on 0. insidious population abundance compared to CP4 EPSPS maize treated with insedieides. Keywords: Minute pirate bug, maize, sampling techniques INTRODUCTION vegetables, and fruit crops (Jarvis and Guthrie, 1987). Nearly all Orius spp. are predaceous as nymphs and adults (Lattin Minute pirate bug, Orius insidiosus (Say) (Hemiptera: and Stanton, 1992). The primary food ofOrilis spp. consists of Anthocoridae) is a generalist predator which is frequently small insects and insect eggs, plant pollen, rarely plant sap. reported in ecological field snldies as important non-target and others feed on both plant and animal (Armer ef 01., 1998). organism in transgenic maize (AI-deeb et al.. 2001; Musser ef Nymphs and adults of 0. insidioslis are commonly found on al.. 2004). In the Midwest, including Nebraska, 0. insidiosus maize silks, and serve as natural enemies of key maize pests is a common predator in maize (Wright, 2004) and soybean such as larvae of Ostrinia nubilalis HUbner. Helicoverpa fields (Brosius et al.. 2(07). armigera HUbm:r (Wright, 20(4), Spodoptera ..ti'ligipel'da QrillS spp. are important natural enemies of pest insects and Smith (Isenhour et al.. 1<;1«10), Rhopalosiphlll11 maidis Fitch. mites in many cropping systems such as in maize, soybeans, (Rutledge et aI., 20(4), Frankliniella spp. (van den I\kiracker Cite this article as:Paliz.lda. S.A., B. Tuocscie, 0 B. Kondldle, M I. Ullah, E MustaJi:I, T E. Hunt, RL. Clark, J. Molina-Ochoa, S.R. Skoda andJ.E. Foster, 2014. !\Imute pilote bug (0011., !nlld")II" SAY) populatIOns on transgcmc and n\ln-tronsgcnic maize u,ing dltferent 'ompling techmqllG~. Pak. Entomol . 3b( I): 1-6. , , Paliztltla .:/ IIi. ! l'aki~tal1 Fn[()ml'I,,~isl20 14 •.,6(1)" 1-6 and Ramakers 1991; Riudavets, 1995) spider mites (Oligunchus pratensis Banks, Tetranychus urticae Koch), Experimental design and treatments whiteflies (Bemisia argentifolii Bellows & Perring, and B. labaci Gennadius), and eggs of other insects (van der Veire A randomized complete block design, replicated four times and Degheele, 1992; van Lenteren et 01., 1997). Orius was used. The treatments in 2007 were: a) a CrylAb x CP4 insidiosus are commercially produced and sold as a biological EPSPS maize, b)aCP4 EPSPS maize, c) a CP4 EPSPS maize control agent for glasshouse-grown vegetables and plus an insecticide application to control the first generation omamental crops (Copping, 2004). ofa. nubilalis, d) a CrylAb x Cry38bl x CP4 EPSPS maize, The potential impact of transgenic maize has evaluated O. and e) a conventional maize. In2008, the treatments were: a) a insidioslis as a key non-target arthropod (AI-deeb ef ai., 2001; CrylAb maize, b) a CP4 EPSPS maize, c) a CP4 EPSPS Pilcher et al., 2005). ElTective and reliable sampling of a. maize plus an insecticide application to control the first insidiosus nymphs and adults is important in assessing the generation of a. nubilalis, d) a CP4 EPSPS maize plus an impact of transgenic maize on non-target organisms, insecticide application to control the second generation of 0. particularly for environmental risk assessments. Several nt/bi/alis. e) a Cry lAb x Cry3Bb I x CP4 EPSPS maize and t) methods have been documented to assess the non-target a conventional maize. organisms in transgenic maize by using visual observations, In the CP4 EPSPS maize plus an insecticide application to pitfall traps, sticky cards. sweep nets, and beat buckets (Al­ control the tirst generation of a. nubilalis both in 2007 and deebetal., 2001; Head el a/., 2005; Pilchereta/., 2005). 2008, permethrin (Pounce® 1.5G) insecticide was applied at Visual observations, yellow sticky cards, and destructive the recommended rate of 12 oz.llOOO row ft band at Mead sampling techniques have been used to monitor a. insidiosus (7/3/07 and 7/14/08), Clay Center (7/4/07 and 7/15/08), and nymphs and adults together with above ground arthropod Concord (7/9/07 and 7/16/08) using an improvised jar shaker pests for the non-target impact of transgenic plants (Udayagiri applicator uniformly applied at whorl maize stage (V9-VI2 et £II .. 1997; Musser el al., 2004; Dively and Galen, 2005). growth stages) (Ritchie ef al., 1993). In 2008, bifenthrin Visual observations are commonly used to monitor insect (Capture@ 2 Ee) insecticide was sprayed in a formulation of pests and non-target arthropods in maize fields. This method 6.66 ml for every 2 gallons (7,571 ml) of water using a carbon­ is simple. easy to use. fast, and requires no supplies. However, gated sprayer for the control of second generation a. nuhilali.\· it can be considered biased due to changes in insect behavior, at Mead (8iI2/08), Clay Center (8/13/08) and Concord time of sampling, entomological, and taxonomic expertise. (8/11108). Conversely, yellow sticky cards have the advantage of being Each plot measured 60 square meters. There were 8 rows in unbiased for sampling time; results are less affected by visual each plot with -400 plants per plot (-50 plants per row). acuity of field personnel, and arc relatively