NONPOINT SOURCE ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR THE GRAND TRAVERSE BAND OF OTTAWA AND CHIPPEWA INDIANS PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT AUGUST 1, 2013 Prepared for - Grand Traverse Band of Ottawa and Chippewa Indians 2605 N. West Bay Shore Drive Peshawbestown, Michigan 49682 Contact: Jolanda A. Murphy, Division III Manager Grand Traverse Band of Ottawa and Chippewa Indians 231-534-7111 [email protected] Prepared by - Tetra Tech, Inc. 1468 W 9th Street, Suite 620 Cleveland, OH 44113 GTB Section 319 NPS Assessment Report August 2013 Public Review Draft TABLE OF CONTENTS ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS LIST ................................................................................................ VI SECTION 1 - OVERVIEW ........................................................................................................................... 1 SECTION 2 - INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................... 4 SECTION 3 – METHODOLOGY .................................................................................................................. 6 Project Area ......................................................................................................................................... 6 Data Collection Methods and Sources ............................................................................................... 10 Monitoring Objectives: ................................................................................................................ 10 Current and Future Monitoring Design: ...................................................................................... 10 Core Water Quality Indicators: ................................................................................................... 11 Quality Assurance and Control (QA/QC): ................................................................................... 11 Data Management: ..................................................................................................................... 12 Water Quality Standards and Reference Conditions ......................................................................... 12 Data Collection Observations and Assumptions ................................................................................ 13 SECTION 4 – WATERSHED CHARACTERIZATION AND LAND USE SUMMARY ................................ 15 General Setting .................................................................................................................................. 15 Land Use/Land Base .......................................................................................................................... 20 Ecoregions, Climate, Topography, Geology, Soils, and Hydrology ................................................... 21 Nutrient and Level III Ecoregions for the National Nutrient Strategy .......................................... 21 Topography ................................................................................................................................ 22 Climate ....................................................................................................................................... 23 Geology ...................................................................................................................................... 25 Soils ............................................................................................................................................ 27 Hydrology and Water Use .......................................................................................................... 28 Socioeconomic Conditions ................................................................................................................. 29 Individual County and Parcel Summaries .......................................................................................... 30 Antrim County ............................................................................................................................. 31 Benzie County ............................................................................................................................ 32 Charlevoix County ...................................................................................................................... 33 Grand Traverse County .............................................................................................................. 34 Leelanau County ........................................................................................................................ 35 Manistee County ......................................................................................................................... 37 County Land Use and Parcel Summary ..................................................................................... 38 SECTION 5 – SURFACE AND GROUND WATER QUALITY ................................................................... 39 Surface Water .................................................................................................................................... 39 Antrim County ............................................................................................................................. 42 Benzie County ............................................................................................................................ 43 Charlevoix County ...................................................................................................................... 44 Grand Traverse County .............................................................................................................. 45 Leelanau County ........................................................................................................................ 46 Manistee County ......................................................................................................................... 47 Surface Water Flow Data ........................................................................................................... 48 Wetlands ............................................................................................................................................ 50 Groundwater ...................................................................................................................................... 51 SECTION 6 – RESULTS ........................................................................................................................... 53 Water Quality Data Analysis .............................................................................................................. 53 ii GTB Section 319 NPS Assessment Report August 2013 Public Review Draft NPSs or Impacts from NPS ........................................................................................................ 53 Data Presentation and Analysis ......................................................................................................... 57 Ammonia .................................................................................................................................... 57 Chlorophyll-a .............................................................................................................................. 57 Conductivity ................................................................................................................................ 58 Dissolved Oxygen ....................................................................................................................... 58 E. coli .......................................................................................................................................... 59 Habitat Assessment Analysis ..................................................................................................... 60 Macroinvertebrates ..................................................................................................................... 60 Mercury ....................................................................................................................................... 60 NO2NO3 ..................................................................................................................................... 61 Percent Solids, Sedimentation, Sand, and TSS ......................................................................... 61 Pesticides ................................................................................................................................... 62 pH ............................................................................................................................................... 62 Soluble Reactive Phosphorus .................................................................................................... 62 Temperature ............................................................................................................................... 63 Total Nitrogen ............................................................................................................................. 63 Total Phosphorus ....................................................................................................................... 64 Turbidity ...................................................................................................................................... 64 Data Interpretation for each Waterbody ............................................................................................