CHITTORGARH DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT (As per guidelines given in Gazette Notification of Ministry of “Environment, Forest and Climate Change” Dated 15th January, 2016 & 25th July, 2018) NOVEMBER- 2018 CONTENTS PAGE(S) 1. INTRODUCTION 2-23 2. OVERVIEW OF MINING ACTIVITY IN THE DISTRICT 24 3. THE LIST OF MINING LEASES IN THE DISTRICT 25 4. DETAILS OF ROYALTY OR REVENUE RECEIVED IN LAST 26 THREE YEARS 5. DETAILS OF PRODUCTION OF SAND OR BAJARI OR 26 MINOR MINERALS IN LAST THREE YEARS 6. PROCESS OF DEPOSITION OF SEDIMENTS IN THE RIVERS OF 27 THE DISTRICT 7. GENERAL PROFILE OF THE DISTRICT 28-35 8. LAND UTILIZATION PATTERN IN THE DISTRICT 36 9. PHYSIOGRAHY OF THE DISTRICT 37-39 10. RAINFALL 40-41 11. GEOLOGY AND MINERAL WEALTH 42-76 1 Chittorgarh District Survey Report CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION Chittorgarh is located in the southern part of the state of Rajasthan, in the northwestern part of India. It is located beside a high hill near the Gambheri River. Chittorgarh is located between 23° 32' and 25° 13' north latitudes and between 74° 12' and 75° 49' east longitudes in the southeastern part of Rajasthan state. The district encompasses 10,856 square km (3.17 per cent of the Rajasthan State) area of land. It has an average elevation of 394 metres (1292 ft.) Above Sea Level and a population of 1,544,338 of which male and female were 783,171 and 761,167 respectively (2011census), which increased 16.08% from 2001 to 2011. It is sharing border with Neemuch District to the South ,Bhilwara District to the North , Pratapgarh District to the South ,Udaipur District to the west .It is sharing Border with Madhya Pradesh State to the East .Chittorgarh District occupies an area of approximately 10856 square kilometres. It is 112 km from Udaipur and 182 km from Ajmer. Its in the 487 meters to 330 meters elevation range.Famous for Chittorgarh Fort is truly an embodiment of chivalry and pride of the Rajputs. The fort has a long story of romance, courage, determination and sacrifice. A glimpse of the fort still makes one to think the glory of the Rajputs who once lived here. 2 3 BRIEF HISTORY OF THE DISTRICT Originally called Chitrakuta, the Chittor Fort is said to have been built by Chitranga, a king of the local Maurya dynasty (not to be confused with the imperial Mauryans). The Guhila (Gahlot) ruler Bappa Rawal is said to have captured the fort in either 728 CE or 734 CE. However, some historians doubt the historicity of this legend, arguing that the Guhilas did not control Chittor before the reign of the later ruler Allata. In 1303, the Delhi Sultanate ruler Alauddin Khalji defeated the Guhila king Ratnasimha, and captured the fort The fort was later captured by Hammir Singh, a king of the Sisodia branch of the Guhilas. Chittor gained prominence during the period of his successors, which included Rana Kumbha and Rana Sanga. In 1535, Bahadur Shah of Gujarat besieged and conquered the fort. After he was driven away by the Mughal emperor Humayun, the fort was given back to Sisodias by him. In 1567-68, the Mughal emperor Akbar besieged and captured the fort and it was under Mughal control until the Colonial Rule. ADMINISTRATIVE SETUP District Collector is head of the district for revenue, Law and order matters. District Collector & District Magistrate is the head of District Administration. For administration and development, the district is divided in Sub-Divisions and tehsils (sub-districts). The District has 10 sub-divisions. Each of the sub-divisions is headed by a Sub-Division Officer 4 (SDOs)/ Magistrate, the officers are responsible for implementation of law and order. There are 11 Tehsil headquarters in Chittorgarh district and each one has a Tehsildar as an administrative officer who works in accordance with the Land Record System to serve for the rural farmers and land holders and is responsible for maintaining the revenue matters in their respective tehsils. For the purpose of the implementation of rural development projects/schemes under Panchayati Raj System, the district is divided in the 11 Panchayat Samitis (Blocks). Block Development Officer/Vikas Adhikari is the Controlling Officer of each of the Panchayat Samiti to serve as extension and developmental executive at block level. Sub-Divisions Panchayat Samiti's Tehsil's 1.Barisadri 1.Barisadri 1.Barisadri 2.Begun 2.Begun 2.Begun 3.Chittorgarh 3.Chittorgarh 3.Chittorgarh 4.Kapasan 4.Kapasan 4.Kapasan 5.Nimbaheda 5.Nimbaheda 5.Nimbaheda 6.Rawatbhata 6.Bhensrorgarh 6.Rawatbhata 7.Gangrar 7.Gangrar 7.Gangrar 8.Rashmi 8.Rashmi 8.Rashmi 9.Dungla 9.Dungla 9.Dungla 10.Bhadesar 10.Bhadesar 10.Bhadesar 11.Bhopalsagar 11.Bhopalsagar 5 DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE According to the 2011 census Chittorgarh district has a population of 1,544,392, roughly equal to the nation of Gabon or the US state of Hawaii.[4] This gives it a ranking of 323rd in India (out of a total of 640). The district has a population density of 193 inhabitants per square kilometre (500/sq mi) . Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 16.09%. Chittaurgarh has a sex ratio of 970 females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 62.51%. Climate The climate of the district is dry except S-W monsoon season. The cold season is from December to February and is followed by summer from March to June. From mid of September to end of November constitute post monsoon season. The district experiences either mild or normal drought once in two years. Severe type of drought has been recorded very rarely. Most severe type of drought has never occurred in the district. The maximum average temperature during summer is 41.5 degree Celsius and during winters it is 25 degree Celsius. Being hilly terrain it is relatively hot and dry and the temperature reaches around 44 degree Celsius, which recedes only after arrival of South West monsoon towards June end. With departure of monsoon in mid September, the temperature gradually rises again and falls steeply from November. The climate being dry generally the humidity in air remains at 20 percent or low. It is only during South West monsoon that the humidity goes upto 70 percent or even more. It remains dark cloudy during rains and otherwise the sky remains clear. The wind blows at low except during 6 summer and monsoon when hard and turbulent winds are experienced. Winds blow South West to North East in summer and winter experience northern and North West winds. Drainage The drainage system is well developed and drainage density varies from 0.3 to 1 km/sq.km. Chambal is the only perennial river. It enters the district near Gandhi Sagar and flows towards NE for about 50 km and then passes into Kota district. The other main rivers are Banas, Gambhiri, Gujjali, Bamani, Berach, Jakham and Wagon. The Banas River originates in Udaipur district and enters Chittaurgarh through Rashmi tehsil. It passes through Somi, Sankhli, Pahunia, and Unchkia villages. The Ghabhir River originating in Madhya Pradesh flowing through Nimbhahera and Chittaurgarh tehsils joins Berach River. It passes through villages of Khor, Myara, Sarthal and Tai. FLAURA & FLAUNA OF THE DISTRICT: Chittorgarh district falls under the IVA-Sub humid Southern Plain Agro-ecological zone. Maize is the chief food crop of the Kharif season but in irrigated areas, paddy is also grown. In the Rabi season, wheat, gram and oil seeds are the main crops. In the Kharif season Maize, Pulse and Sorghum are the main crops. In areas of black soil in the district, cotton and opium are also cultivated. 7 Soil Two third area of the district is covered by hilly terrain. The soils of the district falls under the following broad categories • Black Soils • Yellowish brown soils • Grayish brown alluvial soils • Hilly soils Black soils are found in Dungla, Kapasan, Begun and parts od Rashmi tehsils. Yellowish brown soils are predominant in Chittaurgarh, Nimbahera, Bhopalsagar, Bhainsorgah and Bhadesar. The hilly soils occur in Bhainsorgarh, Begun, Chittaurgarh, Dungla, Chotti Sadri, and Nimbahera. There are broad stretches of light sandy loam soils along banks of river. 8 Figure: Soils of Chittorgarh District Source: National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Regional Centre, Udaipur 9 GROUND & SURFACE WATER SCENARIO OF DISTRICT Geological Framework: The geological set -up of the district is represented by various igneous and meta-sedimentary rocks. Bhilwara super group of Archean age comprising of Shale, Phyllite, Slate, Limestone, Marble, Schist, Quartzite etc prevail in north - eastern part of the district. Meta-sedimentary rocks belonging to Vindhyan super group are exposed in central and northeastern part. Deccan Traps are exposed in southern part while thin mantle of alluvium occurs along river courses and stream channels. Hydro-geological Condition: Groundwater occurs under unconfined condition in saturated zone of rock formation. Its occurrence is controlled by topography, physiography and structural features of the geological formations. The movement of the groundwater in hard rock areas is governed by size, openness, interconnection and continuity of structural weak planes while in unconsolidated rocks, ground water movement takes places through pore space between grains. Water bearing properties of different aquifers are described below. Groundwater in Bhilwara Super Group • Granite-Gneiss and Schist: These aquifers occur predominantly in Pratapgarh tehsil. Few intrusives are also found which have low permeability. Groundwater is retained in weathered zones, fractures joints etc. 10 Source: CGWB 11 Depth to open wells tapping these aquifer ranges from 3 to 24m. Yield of wells varies from 6m3/day to 48m3/day.