Table of Contents Linux Database Bible..........................................................................................................................................1 Preface..................................................................................................................................................................4 The Importance of This Book.................................................................................................................4 Getting Started........................................................................................................................................4 Icons in This Book..................................................................................................................................5 How This Book Is Organized.................................................................................................................5 Part ILinux and Databases................................................................................................................5 Part IIInstallation and Configuration................................................................................................5 Part IIIInteraction and Usage...........................................................................................................5 Part IVProgramming Applications...................................................................................................6 Part VAdministrivia.........................................................................................................................6 How to Use This Book............................................................................................................................6 Additional Information...........................................................................................................................6 Acknowledgments...................................................................................................................................6 Part I: Linux And Databases............................................................................................................................8 Chapter 1: Introduction And Background......................................................................................................9 Origins of Linux......................................................................................................................................9 Whirlwind adolescence....................................................................................................................9 The future.......................................................................................................................................11 Some Established Linux Distributions.................................................................................................12 Slackware Linux.............................................................................................................................12 Debian GNU/Linux........................................................................................................................13 Introduction to Databases.....................................................................................................................13 History of databases on Linux........................................................................................................14 Introduction to Linux databases.....................................................................................................17 Summary...............................................................................................................................................18 Chapter 2: The Relational Model...................................................................................................................19 What Is a Database?..............................................................................................................................19 What are data?................................................................................................................................19 What does it mean to maintain a body of data?.............................................................................22 Relationality...................................................................................................................................24 The Relational Model...........................................................................................................................24 What is the relational model?.........................................................................................................25 Structure of the relational model....................................................................................................25 Relational algebra and relational calculus......................................................................................31 Relational integrity.........................................................................................................................41 Hierarchic and Network Databases.......................................................................................................46 The hierarchic database..................................................................................................................46 The network database.....................................................................................................................47 Object Databases...................................................................................................................................47 The impedance mismatch problem.................................................................................................48 Storing objects as they are programmed........................................................................................48 The object−relational compromise.................................................................................................50 Choosing a Type of Database...............................................................................................................50 Application Architectures.....................................................................................................................51 Client−server..................................................................................................................................51 i Table of Contents Chapter 2: The Relational Model Three−tier architecture...................................................................................................................52 Modern Advancements.........................................................................................................................54 The era of open standards...............................................................................................................54 eXtensible markup language..........................................................................................................55 Universal databases........................................................................................................................56 Summary...............................................................................................................................................57 Chapter 3: SQL................................................................................................................................................59 Origins of SQL......................................................................................................................................59 SQL standards................................................................................................................................59 Dialects of SQL..............................................................................................................................60 Disadvantages and advantages of SQL..........................................................................................60 Implementation of the language.....................................................................................................61 SQL Structure.......................................................................................................................................62 Terminology...................................................................................................................................62 Structure of the language................................................................................................................62 Keywords........................................................................................................................................62 Data Types............................................................................................................................................63 Creating a Database..............................................................................................................................65 CREATE: Create a database..........................................................................................................65 GRANT: Grant permissions...........................................................................................................66 DROP: Remove a table or index....................................................................................................71