LATIN AMERICA / CARIBBEAN ARCHIPIÉLAGO DE REVILLAGIGEDO MEXICO Manta birostris in San Benedicto - © IUCN German Soler Mexico - Archipiélago de Revillagigedo WORLD HERITAGE NOMINATION – IUCN TECHNICAL EVALUATION ARCHIPIÉLAGO DE REVILLAGIGEDO (MEXICO) – ID 1510 IUCN RECOMMENDATION TO WORLD HERITAGE COMMITTEE: To inscribe the property under natural criteria. Key paragraphs of Operational Guidelines: Paragraph 77: Nominated property meets World Heritage criteria (vii), (ix) and (x). Paragraph 78: Nominated property meets integrity and protection and management requirements. 1. DOCUMENTATION (2014). Evaluación de la capacidad de carga para buceo en la Reserva de la Biosfera Archipiélago de a) Date nomination received by IUCN: 16 March Revillagigedo. Informe Final para la Direción de la 2015 Reserva de la Biosiera, CONANP. La Paz, B.C.S. 83 pp. Martínez-Gomez, J. E., & Jacobsen, J.K. (2004). b) Additional information officially requested from The conservation status of Townsend's shearwater and provided by the State Party: A progress report Puffinus auricularis auricularis. Biological Conservation was sent to the State Party on 16 December 2015 116(1): 35-47. Spalding, M.D., Fox, H.E., Allen, G.R., following the IUCN World Heritage Panel meeting. The Davidson, N., Ferdaña, Z.A., Finlayson, M., Halpern, letter reported on progress with the evaluation process B.S., Jorge, M.A., Lombana, A., Lourie, S.A., Martin, and sought further information in a number of areas K.D., McManus, E., Molnar, J., Recchia, C.A. & including the State Party’s willingness to extend the Robertson, J. (2007). Marine ecoregions of the world: marine no-take zone up to 12 nautical miles (nm) a bioregionalization of coastal and shelf areas. offshore from the islands to correspond with the outer Bioscience 57(7): 573-583. Bohrson W A, Reid M R, boundaries of the nominated property; additional 1997. Genesis of silicic peralkaline volcanic rocks in an information on deep sea biodiversity and ecosystems ocean island setting by crustal melting and open- within the nominated property and a comparative system processes: Socorro Island, Mexico. J Petr, 38: analysis of their values; and clarification on the 1137-1166. Bryan W B, 1976. A basalt - pantellerite numbers of endemic and threatened species within the association from Isla Socorro, Islas Revillagigedo, property. The information in response was received Mexico. In: Aoki H, Iizuka S (eds), {Volcanoes and from the State Party on 26 February 2016. Tectonosphere}, Tokyo: Tokai Univ Press, p 75-91. Luhr J F, Kimberly P G, Siebert L, Aranda-Gomez J J, c) Additional literature consulted: Various sources Housh T B, Kysar Mattietti G, 2006. Quaternary including: Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund (CEPF) volcanic rocks: insights from the MEXPET petrological 2015. Biodiversity hotspots: Mesoamerica. and geochemical database. In: Siebe S, Macias J-L, Downloaded from Aguirre-Diaz G J (eds) Neogone-Quaternary http://www.cepf.net/resources/hotspots, accessed in continental margin volcanism: a perspective from October 2015. Dutton, P.H., Jensen, M.P., Frey, A., Mexico, {Geol Soc Amer Spec Pap}, 402: 1-44. Lacasella, E., Balazs, G.H., Zárate, P., Chassin-Noria, O., Sarti- Martinez, A.L. and Velez, E. 2014. d) Consultations: 10 desk reviews received. The Population structure and phylogeography reveal mission also met with representatives of the State pathways of colonization by a migratory marine reptile Party of Mexico; senior officials and staff of Mexico’s (Chelonia mydas) in the central and eastern Pacific. protected area authority: Comisionado Nacional de Ecol. Evo. (22):4317-31. Hillary, A., Kokkonen, M. & Áreas Naturales Protegidas, (CONANP); and the Max, L. (2002). Proceedings of the World Heritage Federal Attorney for Environmental Protection Marine Biodiversity Workshop. Hanoi, Viet Nam. (Procuraduría Federal de Protección al Ambiente - Ketchum, J.T. and Bonilla, H.R. 2001. Taxonomía y PROFEPA). Meetings and interaction also took place distribución de los corales hermatípicos (Scleractinia) with various NGOs, Universities, Conservation del Archipiélago de Revillagigedo, México. Revista de Foundations and Institutes including Grupo de Biologia Tropical, 49(3): 803–848. Wanless, R.M., Ecología y Conservación de Islas (GECI); Instituto del Aguirre-muñoz, A., Angel, A., Jacobsen, J.K., Keitt, ciencias del mar y limnologia (UNAM); Pelagios B.S. and McCann, J. 2009. Birds of Clarion Island, Kakunjá, A.C.; Universidad de Guadalajara; Fondo Revillagigedo Archipelago, Mexico. The Wilson Mexicano para la Conservación de la Naturaleza Journal of Ornithology, 121(4): 745–751. Wilkenson, (FMCN); and the WWF Marine Programme La Paz. T., Wiken, E., Bezaury-Creel, J., Hourigan, T., The mission also consulted with military officials from Argardy, T., Herrmann, H., Janishevski, L., Madden, the Mexican Navy including from the Socorro Naval C., Morgan, L. and Padilla, M. 2009. Marine Base. Ecoregions of North America. Jehl Jr, J. R., & Parkes, K.C. (1982). The status of the avifauna of the e) Field Visit: German Soler and Wendy Strahm, 3-13 Revillagigedo Islands, Mexico. Wilson Bulletin 94(1):1- November, 2015 19. Reyes Bonilla, H., Ketchum Mejia, J. T. , Cupul Magana, A. L & Alvarez del Castillo Cirdenas, P. A. f) Date of IUCN approval of this report: April 2016 IUCN Evaluation Report – May 2016 83 Mexico - Archipiélago de Revillagigedo 2. SUMMARY OF NATURAL VALUES the Tropical Pacific Ocean and the islands are recognised as important stepping-stones and stop The nominated property Archipiélago de Revillagigedo overs for migratory species. is located in the eastern Pacific Ocean inside the Exclusive Economic Zone of Mexico, some 390 km The marine ecosystems of the archipelago are known southwest of the southern tip of the Baja California to be largely undisturbed and harbour abundant Peninsula, and 720 to 970 kms west of the Mexican populations of sharks, rays, and large pelagic fish that mainland. Archipiélago de Revillagigedo is a serial attract recreational divers from around the world. The nomination made up of four remote islands and their surrounding waters host some of the largest surrounding waters: Isla San Benedicto, Isla Socorro, aggregations of pelagic fauna in the world such as Isla Roca Partida and Isla Clarión. The nominated area manta rays, tunas, turtles, whales and sharks. For covers some 636,684 ha and includes a marine millennia the archipelago has been a key breeding protected area extending 12 nm around each of the ground for the Humpback Whale (Megaptera islands. A very large rectangular buffer zone of novaeangliae - LC), and may host a separate sub- 14,186,420 ha surrounds all four nominated population from mainland Mexico. One of the most components. Ocean depths within the buffer zone of outstanding aspects of the property are the Giant the nominated property reach 3,700 m, particularly to Manta Rays (Manta birostris - VU) which aggregate the west of Isla Roca Partida, and to the west and around the islands. These animals exhibit behaviour south of Isla Clarión. Due to their volcanic origin, which includes close up interest in divers that is depths around the islands increase abruptly at reported nowhere else in the world. Furthermore, the distances of between 10-12 kms from the island seascape has sheer drops in crystal clear water and shorelines. Archipiélago de Revillagigedo is part of a encompasses abyssal plains with depths down to submarine mountain range with the four islands 3,700 m all contributing to underwater scenes of great representing the peaks of volcanoes emerging above beauty. sea level. Apart from two small naval bases, the islands are uninhabited. Due to its geographic isolation, the Archipélago de Revillagigedo supports functional species The island landscape of the nominated property is assemblages with a high level of endemism. Following striking with imposing cliffs, coastlines and volcanos, a request for additional information on the endemic some of them very active. The highest volcano in and threatened species found within the nominated Socorro rises 1,050 m above sea level and is very property, the State Party provided an updated list of 61 active with hydrothermal vents reaching the surface to endemic species. However, it is clear that there are produce clouds from the boiling waters. The gaps in biodiversity knowledge, for instance in deep Archipélago de Revillagigedo was declared a Natural sea areas, and species conservation assessments are Protected Area and Mexican Biosphere Reserve in still needed for plants and invertebrates. 1994. The reserve was also designated as a Ramsar wetland of international importance in 2004. Practically all of the terrestrial breeding birds on the islands are endemic (4 endemic species with 1 Extinct Isla Socorro, the largest and highest of the four in the Wild); and 11 endemic subspecies, 2 Extinct) islands, is a shield volcano, reported as the only silicic with only 2 or 3 recent bird introductions. Four endemic peralkaline volcanic island in the Pacific Ocean. The species of reptiles including 2 lizards and 2 snakes, island is still volcanically active with the most recent and 9 invertebrates (with potentially many more once activity recorded in 1993. On Isla San Benedicto, the further studies are undertaken) have been recorded on Barcena volcano erupted in 1948 and 1952, denuding the islands. It is noted that the Archipiélago de the island of all flora and fauna. Roca Partida is the Revillagigedo exhibits the highest terrestrial endemism smallest of the islands and also the crest of a of any of the Mexican islands. Unique evolutionary submarine stratovolcano. Isla Clarión, the western strategies have developed, such as that of the most of the islands in the group, was formed by Burrowing Owl (Athene cunicularia - LC), which after volcanic eruptions during the Miocene and older 200,000 years of isolation has adapted to survive with Eocene. The Clarion Fracture Zone was named for this no terrestrial mammal prey. Revillagigedo is also island, and it is the first sub-aerial expression of the regionally and globally important for seabirds with 46 fracture zone as it approaches the Mexican mainland.
Details
-
File Typepdf
-
Upload Time-
-
Content LanguagesEnglish
-
Upload UserAnonymous/Not logged-in
-
File Pages12 Page
-
File Size-