Project funded by DISPLACEMENT TRACKING MATRIX the European Union LIBYA’S MIGRANT REPORT ROUND 24 JANUARY - FEBRUARY 2019 ©IOM/ Ain Zara detention center DTM LIBYA - Flow Monitoring 2 MIGRANT REPORT R24 LIBYA JAN - FEB 2019 CONTENTS KEY FINDINGS 3 OVERVIEW 4 MAP: NUMBER OF AFRICAN MIGRANTS IDENTIFIED IN LIBYA 5 MAP: NUMBER OF MIDDLE EASTERN AND ASIAN IDENTIFIED IN LIBYA 6 7-9 MIGRANT ROUTES MIGRATION FLOWS 10 REGIONAL ANALYSIS OF MIGRATION FLOWS 11 DATA ON OBSERVED AND ESTIMATED ARRIVALS AND DEPARTURES FROM MAIN MUNICIPALITIES 12-13 MIGRANTS PRIORITY NEEDS 14 HEALTH AND MEDICAL SERVICES 15 EDUCATION 16 MIGRANT DEMOGRAPHICS AND SHELTER 17 MAP: TOP MIGRANT NATIONALITIES PER MANTIKA (REGION) 18 MIGRANT NUMBER AND NATIONALITIES 19 ASIAN AND MIDDLE EASTERN MIGRANTS 20 SUB-SAHARAN MIGRANTS 21 NORTH-AFRICAN MIGRANTS 22 MARITIME INCIDENTS 23 METHODOLOGY 24-25 +218 91 0024827 DTM LIBYA - Flow Monitoring 3 MIGRANT REPORT R24 LIBYA KEY FINDINGS JAN - FEB 2019 67% accomp. MIGRANTS PRESENT IN AT LEAST 9% minors of 570 of 667 > 38 minors 666,717 33% COMMUNITIES MIGRANTS NATIONALITIES unaccomp. 91% minors NIGER 20% of adults 100% COVERAGE EGYPT 15% CHAD 14% SUDAN 12% 12% 88% 100% of of women of men NIGERIA 10% MUNICIPALITIES TOP 3 REGIONS TOP 3 REGIONS OF ORIGIN (% of migrants) (% of migrants) 2,116 KEY INFORMANTS Tripoli 22% Sub-Saharan African 65% 94% 6% Ejdabia 10% North African 29% of of men women Misrata 9% Asian & Middle Eastern 6% SHELTER TYPE Rented Schools/ Public Other Rented Informal camp/ Rented Abondoned accommodation buildings accommodation setting accommodation Work place (paid by employer) buildings (paid by others) (self-paid) +218 91 0024827 [email protected] www.globaldtm.info/libya DTM LIBYA - Flow Monitoring 4 MIGRANT REPORT R24 LIBYA OVERVIEW JAN - FEB 2019 FIGURES MIGRANT BASELINE MIGRANT POPULATION IN LIBYA The 24th round of DTM data collection in Libya took place in January and February 2019. DTM identified at least 666,717 migrants currently present AT LEAST 666,717 Migrants Sub-Saharan Africa in Libya. Migrants were identified in all 100 municipalities, within 570 North Africa communities and originated from more than 38 countries. Middle East and Asia This edition of DTM’s Migrant Report includes a new health surveillance 65% 29% 6% component integrated under the Flow Monitoring Survey methodology to MIGRANT DISTRIBUTION PER REGION better understand the health conditions and challenges migrants face in Trii Aaa 1, Libya, please refer to page 15 for more details. 7,90 ! Aarg !! 20,6 A Jaa A Aar Zara ! ! 10,770 1,0 Aara Misrata ! Out of the total number of migrants identified, 626,627 individuals (94%) ,90 Bngai ! ! 9,70 Aar 1,172 ! Drna ! ,17 6,60 originated from 27 different African countries while 39,716 individuals Nat Sirt 9,06 (6%) came from 10 Asian and Middle Eastern countries. The remaining 374 ! ! ,0 ! ! A Jaa A Gari individuals were recorded as of unknown nationality and / or other country 1,97 Eaia Tr 69,72 7,72 ! of origin. ! ! The top five nationalities identified were Nigerien, Egyptian, Chadian, Wai Assati Ara ,220 Sa 1,6 ,1 Sudanese and Nigerian. Out of the 623,627 individuals from Africa, 433,444 Uari ! 9,22 Gat ! 11,26 (69%) were from Sub-Saharan countries and 193,183 individuals (29%) ! were from North African countries. Mr , ! Ara 55% of both African and Asian migrants were identified in Libya’s western 26,19 ! mantikas, with the highest concentration in Tripoli (22% of the migrants were identified in the region of Tripoli) and surrounding areas. The remaining identified migrants were evenly split between East and South (24% and 21% respectively). +218+218 91 91 0024827 0024827 [email protected] www.globaldtm.info/libya DTM LIBYA - Flow Monitoring 5 MIGRANT REPORT R24 NUMBER OF AFRICAN MIGRANTS LIBYA IDENTIFIED IN LIBYA JAN - FEB 2019 % TUNISIA % MOROCCO 19,1 1% Nrt Arian ALGERIA Cntris % , EGYPT S Saarian Cntris 02% MURITANIA 7% 1% 0% MALI NIGER SUDAN 22% 2% 1% CHAD SENEGAL 1% ERITREA BURKINA FASO 1% 1% NIGERIA GUINEA 10% 1% GHANA 2% ETHIOPIA COTE DIVOIRE 1% 1% % TOGO CAMEROON SOMALIA 02% KENYA 0% AMBIA This map is for illustration purposes only.Name and boundaries on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by IOM. +218 91 0024827 [email protected] www.globaldtm.info/libya DTM LIBYA - Flow Monitoring 6 MIGRANT REPORT R24 NUMBER OF MIDDLE EASTERN AND LIBYA JAN - FEB 2019 ASIAN MIGRANTS IN LIBYA 2% SYRIA 6% PALESTINIAN % PAKISTAN 9,716 Middle Eastern And Asian 6% Countries BANGLADESH This map is for illustration purposes only.Name and boundaries on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by IOM. +218 91 0024827 [email protected] www.globaldtm.info/libya DTM LIBYA - Flow Monitoring 7 MIGRANT REPORT R24 LIBYA MIGRANT ROUTES JAN - FEB 2019 How do migrants reach Libya? Niger Migrants departing Niger mainly arrive directly to Libya, without The following pages aim to shed more light on the routes transiting through another country. Only 2% of the migrants surveyed migrants from different countries take to arrive to Libya. who had departed Niger reported going to Algeria first before reaching Between January 2018 and February 2019, DTM conducted Libya, and all of them were surveyed in the western regions of Libya. Flow Monitoring surveys with 46,583 migrants out of which Those who were surveyed in the South and East did not transit through about 45,000 disclosed the routes they took to travel to Libya. other countries on their way to Libya. The map on page 9 displays the main routes and includes Egypt migrants coming from both neighbouring countries and countries further away. Neighbouring countries are both 98% of Egyptian migrants entered Libya directly, while 1.5% reported transit countries for migrants originating from other parts entering through Sudan. The remaining 0.5% entered through Tunisia, of Africa and place of origin for a considerable number of usually through travel by airplane to Tunis and then onwards to Libya. migrants currently in Libya. Only main routes were considered, The cost for those not crossing straight from Egypt to Libya was and percentages represent the proportion of migrants taking significantly higher. Among those who entered Libya directly, 83% a specific route among the total sample of migrants presented reported spending less than USD 1,000 during their journey. However, in the map. those who transited through Sudan or Tunisia reported relatively higher Please note that the map represents the data cumulatively for costs, while only 19% of those transiting through Sudan and 25% of the entire sample and does not further disaggregate whether those transiting through Tunisia reported spending less than USD 1,000. migrants transited through a given country or departed Mali from there as country of origin. For more details on routes Migrants departing Mali used three main routes to reach Libya; 42% disaggregated by country of departure please refer to the travelled to Libya through Algeria, 36% travelled through Niger and country of departure analysis on the next two pages. 21% travelled through Burkina-Faso and then Niger to reach Libya. The remaining 1% reported other routes. +218 91 0024827 [email protected] www.globaldtm.info/libya DTM LIBYA - Flow Monitoring 8 MIGRANT REPORT R24 LIBYA MIGRANT ROUTES JAN - FEB 2019 Spain Turkey 0% Pakistan Tunisia Bangladesh 09% 22% Syria 02% 0% Iraq Morocco 02% 01% 02% Algeria Libya Egypt 16% 9% Saudi Arabia 06% 02% 06% Mauritania 11% 2% 2% 10% Mali 1% 1% 2% Niger Eritrea 0% 09% 0% Sudan Chad Yemen Senegal 19% 01% 0% 7% Gambia 0% Ethiopia 02% 0% Burkina Faso 10% 0% Guinea Somalia 02% 02% 0% Benin Nigeria Assssnt ri 07% 1% 01% 01% Jan 201 F 2019 Sierra Leone South Sudan Tta sa ,06 Côte d'Ivoire Ghana Central African Republic Liberia Gratr tan 20% Cameroon 1 20% 1% Uganda 1 % Kenya Gabon Congo Lss tan 1% Democratic Republic of the Congo Disair This map is for illustration purposes only. Name and boundaries on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by IOM. +218 91 0024827 [email protected] www.globaldtm.info/libya DTM LIBYA - Flow Monitoring 9 MIGRANT REPORT R24 LIBYA MIGRANT ROUTES JAN - FEB 2019 Sudan Ghana 90% of migrants departing from Sudan reported entering Libya The main route reported by migrants departing Ghana was through directly, while 7% traveled through Chad. The remaining 3% Burkina-Faso and Niger (77% of surveyed migrants departing Ghana). traveled through Egypt. 8% reported travelling through Nigeria and Niger to reach Libya Depending on where the Sudanese migrants were surveyed in and 5% reported transiting through Burkina-Faso, Mali and Algeria Libya, the routes taken differed significantly. Out of those surveyed successively. Another 5% reported travelling through Togo, Benin in the East, 5% travelled to Egypt first before reaching Libya where and then Niger before entering Libya. The remaining 5% disclosed as 95% entered directly. 27% of Sudanese nationals surveyed in the other routes. South reported entering Libya through Chad. Out of those surveyed Disaggregating routes by the region in Libya where migrants were in the West, 9% reported entering through Chad and 1% through surveyed revealed that 88% of Ghanaian migrants surveyed in Egypt. the South of Libya reported travelling through Burkina-Faso and Burkina Faso subsequently Niger, whereas only 68% in the East and the West of Libya took this route. 92% of migrants departing Burkina-Faso reported travelling through Niger while 4% travelled to Mali first and then to Algeria Nigeria to reach Libya. Another 3% travelled first to Mali and then to Niger 99% of migrants departing Nigeria travelled through Niger. The before entering Libya.