Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-11334-3 — The Archaeology of the Iberian Peninsula Katina T. Lillios Index More Information INDEX Page numbers in italics indicate figures. 4.2 kya event, 227–228, 278 natural resources, 184–185, 189–190 8.2 kya event, 107, 110–111, 134 pit sites, 249 stelae, 251 Abauntz, 66, 94, 95 Upper Paleolithic sites, 95–97 Åberg, N., 159 Algar do Bom Santo, 108, 145–146, 147 Abric Romaní, 35, 51–52 Algarve, 4 Abrics de l’Ermita, 108, 150 Beakers, 246 Abrigo de los Oculados, 108, 153 Estácio da Veiga, 21 Abrigo del Molino, 35, 48 geology, 190 Academia Portuguesa da Historia, 23–24 Gravettian sites, 69 Academia Real de Historia Portuguesa, 20 menhirs, 141, 144 Acebuchal, El, 229, 246 salt processing, 189 Acequión, El, 229, 278 subsistence practices, 73, 139 Acheulean, 44 Alicante, 150, 212 Excalibur hand axe, 45–46, 45 Allerød oscillation, 107 acoustics, of caves and rock-shelters, 98, 155 Alloru, El, 108, 125 Africa pick axe, 125 Beaker sites, 234 Almagro Basch, Martín, 17–18, 152 demographic movement from, 42–43, 60, 111, Almeida, Francisco, 1 138–139 Almendres, 108, 141–144, 143 and Iberian Neolithic, 134, 158 Almería, 150, 254 agriculture see animals, domestication of; farming; Almería culture, 202, 208 plants, domestication of Almizaraque, 172, 202–203, 206–207, 229, 251 Agroal, 229, 249 Almoloya, La, 229, 253, 254, 257–258, 298 Águas Frías, 172, 195–196 Almonda, 35, 47, 53, 59, 108, 137 Aguilera y Gamboa, Enrique de (Marqués de Alsius (i Torrent), Pere, 53 Cerralbo), 33, 46, 154 Altamira, 33, 35, 56, 65, 66, 78–82 Aguirre, Emiliano, 39 Polychrome Room, 80 Ain Hanech, 35, 42–43 Altamira Research Centre, 81 tools from, 44 Alto de la Huesera, 172, 217, 229 Aitzbitarte, 66, 92 Alto de Leião, 35 Alapraia, 24, 229, 243–244 Alto del Reinoso, 108 Albalate, 248 Alto del Romo, 229, 230 Alcácer Grau, José, 158 Altuna, Jesús, 65 Alcaide, 229, 250 Altxerri, 66, 91 Alcalar, 172, 186, 229, 246 Amalda, 35, 50 Alcalde del Río, Hermilio, 33, 82–83, 87 Amaro, G. de Carvalho, 233 Alentejo, 4 amber, 190, 196, 217 Beakers, 243, 245–246 Ambrona (Middle Pleistocence site), 35, 46–47 cromlechs, 141 Ambrona Valley, 108, 121 megalithic tombs, 145, 149, 191 AMH (anatomically modern humans) menhirs, 141 and Aurignacian lithics, 67–68 Middle Neolithic mobility, 146 characterized by symbolic behaviors, 77, 100 375 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-11334-3 — The Archaeology of the Iberian Peninsula Katina T. Lillios Index More Information 376 Index AMH (anatomically modern humans) (cont.) Asturian, 124–126 coexistence with Neanderthals, 58–60, 65, 68, 75, Asturias, 4, 86 100 Beakers, 237 earliest occupation, 65 megaliths, 128 amphibolite, 184 Vega del Sella, 124 Andalucia, 4, 7 Atalaia, 229, 249, 250 blade offerings, 213 Atalaya, 229, 248 burial sites, 190, 243 Atalaya, La (necropolis), 208 cave art, 98–100 Atapuerca, Sierra de, 35, 39–41, 39–41, 41–42, ceramics, 158 274 Cultura de las Cuevas, 110 Atlantic (non-Iberian) cultures, 177, 238 stone bracelets, 113 Atlantic façade, 129–149 Anglo-American archaeological community, 25, 27, burials, 132–133, 139–140, 145–149 281 climatic/environmental events, 134, 139 animals, domestication of, 110, 204 lithics, 129–132, 148 case of Myotragus balearicus, 268–269 megaliths, 140–149 and continued evidence for hunting, 109–137 neolithization, 136–139 dogs, 136 Pleistocene–Holocene transition, 129 horses, 252, 274 shell middens, 133–136 secondary products, 227, 244 and Asturian, 125–126 Anta 2 de Gorginos, 108, 149 Atxurra, 66, 91–92 Anta Arquinha da Moura, 172, 177 audiences for rock art, 155–156 Anta de Cabeceira, 108 Aurignacian, 58–59, 67–68, 67–68 Anta de Serramo, 108, 145 Aviones, Cueva de los, 35, 55–56 Anta Grande do Zambujeiro, 108, 144, 172, 191 Axlor, 35, 50 Antelas, 108, 140, 148–149, Plate 4 Azilian, 123–124, 129 Antequera, 26, 172, 185–204, 195, 247, 297 Azuer, El, 229, 277–279, 278 antiquities protection laws, 15, 20 Azules, Los, 108, 123–124, 298 antler artifacts, 69, 123, 210 Azután, 108, 121 Aramo, El, 229, 237, 241 Aranbaltza III, 35, 52 Balearic Islands, 4, 234, 266–271, 267 Aranda Jiménez, G., 208 Banerjee, A., 206 Arangas, Cueva de, 229, 241 Bañolas, 35, 53 Araújo, Ana Cristina, 75, 130 Baradiarán, Father José Miguel de, 33 Arbolí ware, 265, 272 Barca do Xerez de Baixo, 108, 132, 132 Arbreda, 66, 67 Barranc de la Palla, 108, 154 lithics, 67 Barranco León, 36–39 archaeological theory, 295–296 lithics, 37 archaeology, history of see disciplinary history Barranquete, El, 172, 208–209, Ardales, 35, 57–58, 66, 98–99, 99 229, 252 Arenaza, 108, 162n85 Barton, C. M., 50 Argar, El, 172, 202, 229, 258, 272 basketry, 112–113, 114 Argaric, 252–259 Basque region, 4 burials, 208, 258–259, 296 Beakers, 237–238 ceramics, 255, 256 DNA studies, 128–129 class and state, 280–281 landscape, 86 and Parpantique Group, 272–273 post-Azilian, 126 and the Southern Meseta, 279 rock art, 91–92 Áridos, 35, 47 site types, 69, 176–177 Arlanpe, 35, 50, 66, 91 Bastida de la Totana, La, 229, 253, 255 Armintxe, 66, 91–92 Argaric vessel from, 256 Arnaud, J. M., 149 Bate, Dorothea, 269 Aroeira cranium, 47 Bea, Manuel, 155 art, 87, 91 Beaker phenomenon, 227–234 burials, 74–75 Balearics, 269 specialized hunting, 73–74 east and northeast, 259–260 Asturian absence, 125 hybrid practices, 243 Neanderthal, 55–58 north and northwest, 237 nonfigurative, 87, 97, 100 Northern Meseta, 271 painted megaliths, 148–149 Southern Meseta, 274–276 Parpalló plaquettes, 97–98 southwest, 244–247 slate plaques, 185, 194–196 Beck, J., 201 stelae and statue-menhirs, 241–242, 242 beer, 118 Upper Paleolithic explosion, 65 Bela Vista 5, 172, 186, 246 see also rock art Belas, 172, 191 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-11334-3 — The Archaeology of the Iberian Peninsula Katina T. Lillios Index More Information Index 377 Bell Beakers, 188–189, 227, 237, 269, Plate 8 see also Cabeço do Pé da Erra, 172, 196 Beaker phenomenon Cabezo de la Cueva del Plomo, 172, 204 Benzú, 35, 49 Cabezo Juré, 172, 181, 184 Bernaldo de Quirós, Federico, 81, 87 Cabranosa, 108, 137 Berrocales, Los, 229, 277 Cabré Aguiló, Juan, 99, 152, 272 Betic System, 11 Cabrera, Victoria, 87 Bettencourt, Ana M. S., 238 Caf Taht el Ghar, 108, 138 bilobed vessels, 111, 261, 261–262, 272, 297 Caldeirão, 108, 137 Binford, Lewis R., 47 lithic points, 71 Biniai Nou, 229, 269 Cameixa, 229, 238 bioarchaeology, 200–201, 209–210, 213, 218 Camino de las Yeseras, 172, 217, 229, 276 biodiversity, 9 and Beaker package, 230, 275 biogeographical regions, 12–13 burial spaces, 275 bird bones, 57, 94 diet, 233 Bison Gallery, Altamira, 80 dwellings, 274–275 blade and trapeze complex, 111, 134, 157 gender and status, 298 Bloch, Marc, 296 violence, 275–276 Boaventura, Rui, 184 Camino del Molino, 172, 209 Bòbila d’en Joca, 116 Campo Lameiro, 229, 239 Bòbila Madurell–Can Gambús, La, 108, 116 Campos, 172, 202 Bolomor, 35, 53 campos de hoyos, 280 Bolores, 172, 200, 229, 245 Can Gambus,́ 116 Bond event 3 (4.2 kya event), 227–228, 278 Can Roqueta II, 229, 265 Bond event 5 (8.2 kya event), 107 Can Sadurní, Cova de, 108, 118–119 bone tools, 67, 69, 87, 206 Cañaveral, El, 35, 49 Boquique ware, 127 Canes, Los, 108, 126 Bosch-Gimpera, Pedro, 16–17, 110, 158–159, 202, cannibalism, 42, 55, 274 231 Cantabria, 4, 7, 86, 176, 237, 239 bracelets, 113, 139 Cantabrian Mountains, 10 Braña-Arintero, La, 108, 157 Cantera, La, 87 Breuil, Henri, 33, 130 Caramujeira, 108, 141, 142 and Altamira, 80–81 Carapito I, 108, 140, 148 and other rock art sites, 87, 97–98, 152 Carcavelos, 172, 200 Les Cavernes de la Région Cantabrique, 82 Cardial ceramics, 111, 137–138, 156, 158 Bronce Clásico/Bronce Pleno, 277 and rock art, 150 Bronce Mediterráneo/Bronce Valenciano, 260 Cardona Salt Mountain, 117–118, 157 bronze, 265, 277 see also tin-bronze metallurgy Cardoso, Mário, 173, 179, 244, 246 Bullón, José, 99 Carigüela, 108, 110 Buraco da Pala, 108, 137, 139, 172, 175–176, 229, carinated ceramics, 179, 248, 272 237–238 Carmona ware, 234, 235, 246 burials (chronological) Carnation Revolution, 25–26 Asturian (Mesolithic), 126 Carreço Praia, 229, 239 Azilian (Epipaleolithic), 124 Cartailhac, Émile, 16, 22, 79–80, 159 Late Neolithic/Chalcolithic, 177, 185, 216–217 Casa da Moura, 108, 135–136, 145 Mesolithic, 132–133 Casa Montero, 108, 120–121 Neolithic, 116, 118, 128, 139–140, 145–146 Cascais, 24 possible earliest finds, 46, 48, 53 Cascajos, Los, 108, 128 Upper Paleolithic, 74–77 Castanheiro do Vento, 172, 174–175, 229 Beaker period, 275–276 Castellón Alto, 229, 253, 255 Argaric (Early Bronze Age), 208, 258–259, 296 Castelo Belinho, 108, 136–137, 139 Early Bronze Age, 249–250, 252, 260, 278–279 Castelo de Santa Justa, 172, 181, 183 burials (general) Castelo Velho (de Freixo do Numão), 172, 174–175, and Beaker package, 230 174, 175, 229, 238 of dogs, 136 Castillejo del Bonete, 229, 279, 279–280 expanded approaches to study, 296 Castillejo, El, 108, 121 mass graves, 298 castillejos see poblados as status indicators, 298–299 Castillejos (de las Peñas de los Gitanos), Los, 206, see also grave goods; mortuary practices; tombs 229, 252 Butzer, K. W., 47 Castillo de Cardeñosa, El, 229, 272 Castillo, Alberto del, 16, 231, 260 Ca l’Oliaire, 108, 118, 298 Castillo, Cueva del (El Castillo), 35, 56, 68, 82, 87, Ca n’Isach, 172, 211 88, Plate 1 Cabaço, Hipólito, 179 Castro de São Martinho, 249, 249 Cabecicos Negros, 108, 113 Catalonia, 11, 67, 109, 211–212, 214, 259, 263–265 Cabeço da Arruda, 135–136 Catalonian Coastal Range, 11 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-11334-3 — The Archaeology of the Iberian Peninsula Katina T.