Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology, 8(1): 260-265, 2020 DOI

Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology, 8(1): 260-265, 2020 DOI

Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology, 8(1): 260-265, 2020 DOI: https://doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v8i1.260-265.2959 Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology Available online, ISSN: 2148-127X | www.agrifoodscience.com | Turkish Science and Technology Evaluation of Agricultural Mechanization Level of Karaman Province Ender Kaya1,a,*, Aykut Örs2,b 1Vocational School of Technical Sciences Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University, 70100 Karaman, Turkey 2Provincial Coordination Unit, Agriculture and Rural Development Institute, 42110 Konya, Turkey *Corresponding author A R T I C L E I N F O A B S T R A C T The main purpose of this study is to determination of agricultural structure and mechanization Research Article features of agricultural enterprises in Karaman province. The main material of the study is statistical data of Turkish Statistical Institute (TSI) of 2009 – 2018 years for Karaman province. According to the data of Karaman province in 2009 and 2018, the average tractor power is 34.92 kW and 35.33 Received : 15/09/2019 kW; the average tractor power per cultivated areas 2.45 kWha-1 and 1.93 kWha-1; the number of Accepted : 02/12/2019 tractors per 1,000 ha is 52.27 and 40.76; the cultivated area per tractor is 19.13 ha and 24.54 ha, respectively. The number of equipment per tractor is 10.66 and 9.86, and the number of combine harvester per 1,000 ha is 0.47 and 0.55. Keywords: Agricultural structure Combine harvester Mechanization level Tractor Karaman Türk Tarım – Gıda Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, 8(1): 260-265, 2020 Karaman İlinin Tarımsal Mekanizasyon Düzeyinin Değerlendirilmesi M A K A L E B İ L G İ S İ Ö Z Bu çalışmanın amacı; Karaman ilindeki tarım işletmelerinin tarımsal yapı ve mekanizasyon Araştırma Makalesi özelliklerinin belirlenmesidir. Çalışmanın materyalini Karaman iline ait Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu’nun (TUİK) 2009-2018 yıllarındaki istatistiksel verileri oluşturmuştur. Karaman ilinin 2009 ve 2018 yılları verileri sırasıyla ortalama traktör gücü 34,92 kW ve 35,33 kW işlenen alana Geliş : 15/09/2019 düşen traktör gücü 2,45 kWha-1 ve 1,93 kWha-1, 1,000 ha alana düşen traktör sayısı 52,27 adet ve Kabul : 02/12/2019 40,76 adettir. Bir traktöre düşen işlenen alan 19,13 ha ve 24,54 ha, bir traktöre düşen ekipman sayısı 10,66 adet ve 9,86 adet, 1.000 ha alana düşen biçerdöver sayısı 0,47 adet ve 0,55 adet olarak belirlenmiştir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Tarımsal mekanizasyon Biçerdöver Mekanizasyon düzeyi Traktör Karaman a [email protected] https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4689-1040 b [email protected] https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3810-6981 This work is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License Kaya and Örs / Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology, 8(1): 260-265, 2020 Introduction The use of machinery in agriculture increases the The source of power used in Turkey is tractors. The most effectiveness and economic efficiency of technological accurate criterion in determining the mechanization level applications and improves working conditions (Baran et is the tractor power of kWha-1. In addition, the other criteria al., 2014). used to determine the level of mechanization are tractor The machine selection and planning is becoming more 1,000ha-1, ha tractor-1, equipment-tractor-1 and the number and more important because of diversification of the of combine harvester 1,000 ha-1(Sabancı and Akıncı, 1994; mechanization applications in agricultural enterprises. The Işık et al., 2003; Koçak, 2006; Koçtürk and Onurbaş profitable production of agricultural enterprises depends Avcıoğlu, 2007; Altıkat and Çelik, 2011; Eryılmaz et al., on the suitability and economic use of these machines 2014). consisting of tractors and agricultural machines. Therefore, In the study, by using TSI data for 2009-2018, tractor the right choice and use of mechanization investments, power per unit area (kWha-1), agricultural area per tractor which have a large share in the production expenses, is an (ha tractor-1), number of tractors per unit agricultural area important factor for the enterprises (Işık, 1988). (tractor 1,000ha-1), the number of equipment per tractor The development of agriculture is directly related to the (equipment- tractor-1) and the number of combine use of production technologies in agriculture. Increasing harvesters per unit agricultural area (combine harvester agricultural productivity, income and reducing production 1,000ha-1) values were calculated for Karaman province costs are possible by increasing the use of new and modern Excel program and evaluated numerically. technologies in agriculture. A country's level of agricultural development is directly related to the use of production Results and Discussion technologies used in agriculture. Increasing product yield is possible by increasing producer income, reducing Tractor is important in terms of increasing utilization of production costs and increasing the use of new and modern modern agricultural technology, spreading usage in technologies in agriculture (Sessiz et al., 2012). production, providing economy and improving working To increase the product yield by the machines used in conditions (Yalçın, 1990). agriculture, optimization of features like land size, product The number of tractors of Karaman province between design, production techniques, capacity of the machines used, 2009 and 2018 in the last decade is given in Table 1 power of tractors, tractor-machine compatibility, trained according to power groups. The number of tractors is personnel and etc. is required (Yavuzcan et al., 1986). 12,437 according to 2009 data and 12,176 according to The level of agricultural mechanization may vary 2018 data. While the number of tractors decreased from depending on the region's technical equipment and 2009 to 2012, it entered an upward trend after 2013.When economic structure. The main power source is the tractor the range of 1-5 HP in single axle tractors is examined by in agricultural production. Therefore, the tractor power per years, it has continuously increased from 2009 to unit area is the most widely used criterion to determine the 2018.Single-axle tractors with more than 5 HP also mechanization level. Careful determination of these increased continuously in 2009-2018 and reached 1,116 by criteria will allow the realization of the mechanization level 2018.The number of tractors in the 1-10 HP group with dimension (Sabancı and Akıncı, 1994). double axles is very low. While it was 7 in 2009, it increased to 9 in 2018.When the tractors between 11-24 HP Materials and Method were examined, the number decreased from 1,082 in 2009 to 260 in 2018.The number of tractors in the 25-34 HP Material range was 1,606 in 2009 and 888 in 2018.The number of Karaman province is in the south of the Central tractors in the 35-50 HP range decreased from 3,636 in Anatolia Region between 37.11 northern latitudes and 2009 to 3,441 in 2018.The tractor group in the range of 51- 33.15 eastern longitudes. Konya is located to the north, 70 HP, which was 4,322 in 2009, dropped to 3,627 in 2012 Mersin to the south, Ereğli to the east, Silifke to the and by increasing in the following years it reaches to 4,653 southeast, and Antalya to the west. It is 1,033 meters above in 2018. sea level. The overall surface area of the province is 8,869 When the number of single axle tractors of Karaman km². Karaman has 6 districts including the central district. province is compared for 2009 and 2018; 538.71% increase The districts of the Karaman province areAyrancı, in 1-5 HP group and 227.27% increase in tractors with Başyayla, Ermenek, Kazımkarabekir and Sarıveliler more than 5 HP is observed. For double axle tractors; (Anonymous, 2019a). 28.57% increase in 1-10 HP group, 75.97% decrease in 11- The main material of the study is statistical data of Turkish 24 HP group, 44.71% decrease in 25-34 HP group, 5.36% Statistical Institute (TSI) of 2009–2018 years for Karaman decrease in 35-50 HP group, 7.66% increase in 51-70 HP province. Dataused in the study are agricultural fields, number group and 14.09% increase in the group over 70 HP is of tractors, number of harvesters, number of agricultural observed. machinery and equipment drawn by tractor or animal. The number of combine harvesters of Karaman province is given in Table 2. When we examine Table 2, it Method is seen that the number of combine harvester, which was Many criteria are used to determine the level of 112 in 2009, increased to 164 in 2018. In combine mechanization of agricultural enterprises. The use of these harvesters;183.33%, 50.00%, 16.67% increase is observed criteria alone is inadequate in determining the degree of for 0-5, 6-10, 11-20 age groups respectively and 16.67% mechanization of enterprises (Kadayıfçılar et al., 1990). decrease for over the age of 21 group. 261 Kaya and Örs / Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology, 8(1): 260-265, 2020 Table 1. Number of tractors in Karaman for last decade Single Axle (HP) Double Axle (HP) Tracked (HP) Years Total 1-5 5+ 1-10 11-24 25-34 35-50 51-70 70+ 2009 12,437 31 341 7 1,082 1,606 3,636 4,322 1,412 - 2010 11,983 33 381 7 993 1,468 3,341 4,333 1,427 - 2011 11,926 29 437 9 950 1,430 3,278 4,345 1,448 - 2012 9,520 43 645 10 325 1,032 3,245 3,627 593 - 2013 10,369 168 1,005 10 310 927 3,370 3,824 755 - 2014 11,376 184 1,094 10 282 889 3,320 4,242 1,355 - 2015 11,600 192 1,091 11 283 891 3,358 4,364 1,410 - 2016 11,776 192 1,112 11 274 892 3,376 4,469 1,450 - 2017 12,096 196 1,119 10 268 891 3,413 4,629 1,570 - 2018 12,176 198 1,116 9 260 888 3,441 4,653 1,611 - Change*(%) -2,10 538,71 227,27 28,57 -75,97 -44,71 -5,36 7,66 14,09 - Source: Anonymous (2019b); *Calculated values Table 2.

View Full Text

Details

  • File Type
    pdf
  • Upload Time
    -
  • Content Languages
    English
  • Upload User
    Anonymous/Not logged-in
  • File Pages
    6 Page
  • File Size
    -

Download

Channel Download Status
Express Download Enable

Copyright

We respect the copyrights and intellectual property rights of all users. All uploaded documents are either original works of the uploader or authorized works of the rightful owners.

  • Not to be reproduced or distributed without explicit permission.
  • Not used for commercial purposes outside of approved use cases.
  • Not used to infringe on the rights of the original creators.
  • If you believe any content infringes your copyright, please contact us immediately.

Support

For help with questions, suggestions, or problems, please contact us