Land use Planning Strategies and their Impacts on Public Transportation Supply of Addis Ababa (Mesalemiya- Kolfe-Aserasement Mazoriya-Lekuwanda Area) By: Henock Berhane Advisor: Alemayehu Ambo (Ph.D.) A Thesis Submitted to Graduate Studies, Addis Ababa Science & Technology University, College of Civil Engineering & Architecture, in Partial Fulfillment for the Requirements of the Degree of Masters of Science in Road and Transportation Engineering May, 2017 Addis Ababa Land use Planning Strategies and their Impacts on Public Transportation Supply of Addis Ababa (Mesalemiya-Kolfe-Aserasement Mazoria-Lekuwanda Area) By Henock Berhane Aberra APPROVED BY BOARD OF EXAMINERS ________________________________ ______________ _______________ Chairman, Department Graduate Committee Signature Date Dr. Alemayehu Ambo (Ph.D.) ______________ _______________ Advisor Signature Date Dr. Biruk Abate (PhD) _______________ _________________ Internal Examiner Signature Date Dr. Bikila Tiklu (PhD) _______________ __________________ External Examiner Signature Date Mr. Addisu B. _______________ __________________ (Head,Department of Civil Engineering) Signature Date Dr. Biruk Abate (PhD) _______________ _________________ (Dean, Architecture and Civil Engineering) Signature Date Statement of Certification This is to certify that Henock Berhane has carried out his research work on the topic entitled “Land use Planning Strategies and their Impacts on Public Transportation Supply of Addis Ababa (Mesalemiya-Kolfe-Aserasement Mazoriya-Lekuwanda Area)”. The work is original in nature and is suitable for submission for the award of Master Degree in Civil Engineering (Road and Transportation Engineering Stream). Advisor: Dr. Alemayehu Ambo, (PhD) Signature -------------------------------------- Date: -------------------------------------- Land use Planning Strategies & their Impacts on Public Transportation Supply of Addis Ababa (Mesalemiya-Kolfe-Aserasement Mazoriya-Lekuwanda Area) 3 Statement of Declaration and Copy Right I, the undersigned, declare that this study is my own original work that has not been presented and will not be presented by me to any other University for similar or any other degree award. This thesis is copy right material protected under the Berne Convention 1999 and other international and national enactments in that behalf, on intellectual property. It may not be reproduced by any means,in full or in part,except for short extract in fair dealing for research or private study,critical scholarly review or discourse with an acknowledgment,without written permission of the college of Architecture and Civil Engineering, on the behalf of both the author and Addis Ababa Science and Technology University. Declared by: Name: Henock Berhane Signature --------------------------------------Date ------------------------------------- Confirmed by Advisor: Name: Dr. Alemayehu Ambo (PhD) Signature --------------------------------------Date----------------------- Addis Ababa Science and Technology University Date of Submission : Tuesday 2 May, 2017 Land use Planning Strategies & their Impacts on Public Transportation Supply of Addis Ababa (Mesalemiya-Kolfe-Aserasement Mazoriya-Lekuwanda Area) 4 Contents List of Tables ........................................................................................................................................ 5 List of Figures ....................................................................................................................................... 6 Definition of Key Terms ....................................................................................................................... 7 Acronyms .............................................................................................................................................. 8 Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................................. 10 Abstract ............................................................................................................................................... 11 Chapter one: Introduction ................................................................................................................... 12 1.1 Background ......................................................................................................................... 12 1.2 Statement of the Problem .................................................................................................... 15 1.3 Justification of the Study ..................................................................................................... 15 1.4 Research objectives ............................................................................................................. 16 1.4.1 General Objective .................................................................................................................. 16 1.4.1 Specific Objectives .......................................................................................................... 16 1.5 Description of the Research Area........................................................................................ 16 1.6 Research Structure............................................................................................................... 18 Chapter Two: Literature review ......................................................................................................... 19 2.1 Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 19 2.1.1 Policy Integration: Theory and Concept ............................................................................. 20 2.2 Land Use and Transport Planning ....................................................................................... 23 2.3 Transport Infrastructure....................................................................................................... 25 2.3.1 What is Transport Planning? ............................................................................................ 25 2.3.2 Planning Transportation Systems .................................................................................... 26 2.3.3 Public Transport Network ................................................................................................ 27 2.4 Urban Transport .................................................................................................................. 27 2.5 Overview of Land Use and Transportation Interaction ....................................................... 27 2.6 Effects of Transport on Land Development ........................................................................ 29 2.7 The role of Integration......................................................................................................... 36 2.8 Barriers to integration.......................................................................................................... 37 2.9 Durban– South Africa experience ............................................................................................ 39 2.10 Conceptual Framework ....................................................................................................... 41 2.11 Traffic congestion ............................................................................................................... 42 2.11.1 Causes of congestion........................................................................................................ 42 Land use Planning Strategies & their Impacts on Public Transportation Supply of Addis Ababa (Mesalemiya-Kolfe-Aserasement Mazoriya-Lekuwanda Area) i 2.11.2 Measurements of congestion............................................................................................ 43 2.11.3 Impacts of congestion ...................................................................................................... 44 2.11.4 Social impact of congestion ............................................................................................. 44 2.11.5 Economic impact of congestion ....................................................................................... 44 2.11.6 Impact on the design life of Pavement ............................................................................. 44 2.12 Environmental & Health impact ......................................................................................... 45 2.13 History of Addis Ababa and its Expansion ............................................................................ 45 2.13 Overview of Urban transport demand characteristics of Addis Ababa ............................... 52 2.14 Background on Urban Transportation of Addis Ababa ...................................................... 53 Chapter Three: Materials and Methods ............................................................................................... 56 3.1 Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 56 3.2 Research Questions and Hypothesis ........................................................................................ 56 3.3 Operationalization /Definition of Variables ....................................................................... 57 3.4 Research Methods and Strategy .......................................................................................... 58 3.5 Units of analysis .................................................................................................................