View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by British Columbia's network of post-secondary digital repositories WESTERN TRAINED NURSES TRANSITIONING TO QATAR: PERCEPTIONS OF THEIR NURSING ROLE by CARNELLE SYMES A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN NURSING in THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES We accept this thesis as conforming to the required standard ............................................................................... Dr. Barbara Astle, PhD; Thesis Supervisor ................................................................................ Sonya Jakubec; Second Reader ................................................................................ Dr. Sheryl Reimer-Kirkham , Ph.D.; External Examiner TRINITY WESTERN UNIVERSITY January 2015 © Carnelle Symes Nurses transition to Qatar 2 Table of Contents Abstract ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6 Acknowledgements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7 Chapter 1: Introduction ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 8 Background ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8 Definition of terms -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 10 Nursing Role ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 Self-Perception---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 11 Transition ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 12 Pre-departure ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 12 Ongoing adaption into the new culture ------------------------------------------------ 12 Western Trained Nurses------------------------------------------------------------------ 12 Expatriate ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 13 Project Description -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 13 Purpose and Research Questions ------------------------------------------------------- 13 Research Methodology ------------------------------------------------------------------ 13 Relevance and significance ------------------------------------------------------------- 13 Outline of thesis -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------14 Chapter 2: Literature Review ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 15 Introduction ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 15 Search and retrieval strategies for literature review ------------------------------------------ 15 Globalization ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 17 Migration ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 17 Nurses transition to Qatar 3 Transition ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 19 Chapter summary ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 21 Chapter 3: Research design, methodology and procedures ------------------------------------------- 22 Introduction ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 22 Research Design ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 22 Recruitment ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 23 Inclusion and exclusion criteria -------------------------------------------------------- 23 Sampling ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 24 Data Collection --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 25 Data Analysis ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 26 Scientific Quality ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 28 Ethical Considerations ------------------------------------------------------------------- 29 Limitations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 31 Introduction to Participants ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 32 Jane ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 32 Lisa ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 33 Mary ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 34 Erin ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 34 Rose ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 35 Anne ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 35 Sara ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 36 Chapter summary ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 37 Chapter 4: Findings ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 38 Nurses transition to Qatar 4 Core theme: Opportunity ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 39 Theme One: Adapting to the Changing Role of the Nurse ---------------------------------- 39 Meaning of the nursing role ------------------------------------------------------------- 39 Meaning of the nurse -------------------------------------------------------------------- 40 Changing role ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 41 Professional Opportunity ---------------------------------------------------------------- 44 Summary ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 45 Theme Two: Adapting to the Context --------------------------------------------------------- 46 Influences of Past Working Experiences ---------------------------------------------- 46 Influences of Cultural Differences ----------------------------------------------------- 47 Summary ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 51 Theme Three: “Adapting” “Taking it in stride” --------------------------------------------- 52 Comfort in being a “nurse” ------------------------------------------------------------- 52 Settling into another lifestyle ----------------------------------------------------------- 53 “Takes Time” ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 54 Summary ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 55 Chapter Summary --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 55 Chapter 5: Discussion -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 58 Discussion of Key Ideas with the Literature--------------------------------------------------- 58 Opportunity ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 58 Adapting to the changing role of the nurse ------------------------------------------- 59 Adapting to the environment (Context) ----------------------------------------------- 60 Adapting by “taking it in stride” ------------------------------------------------------- 61 Nurses transition to Qatar 5 Metaparadigm Concepts of Nursing ------------------------------------------------------------ 62 Chapter Summary --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 64 Chapter 6: Conclusions and Recommendations -------------------------------------------------------- 65 Conclusions ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 66 Recommendations --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 67 Education ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 67 Policy -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 67 Research ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 68 Limitations ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 69 Chapter Summary --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 69 References --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 71 Appendix A: Literature Review--------------------------------------------------------------------------- 79 Appendix B: Literature Matrix of relevant articles ---------------------------------------------------- 93 Appendix C: Research Ethics Board (REB) Approval ------------------------------------------------ 97 Appendix D: Approval e-mail to hang recruitment poster at the University of Calgary Qatar -- 98 Appendix E: List of Questions asked in Semi-Structured Interviews ------------------------------- 99 Appendix F: Facebook recruitment post --------------------------------------------------------------- 101 Appendix G: Recruitment poster ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 102 Appendix H: Participant information letter 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