Tornado in North Eastern Bangladesh: Brahmanbaria District Joint Need Assessment Report, 2013 Assessment conducted jointly by Shelter Cluster WASH Cluster Early Recovery Cluster 1 Table of Contents Executive Summary....................................................................................................... 6 Recommended Interventions......................................................................................... 8 Background.................................................................................................................... 10 Assessment Methodology.............................................................................................. 12 Key Findings.................................................................................................................. 14 Priorities identified by Upazila Officials.......................................................................... 18 Detailed Assessment Findings...................................................................................... 20 Shelter........................................................................................................................ 20 Water Sanitation & Hygiene....................................................................................... 20 Livelihoods.................................................................................................................. 21 Education.................................................................................................................... 24 Completed & Planned Interventions............................................................................... 26 Response Challenges..................................................................................................... 29 Annex Brahmanbaria District DMC meeting Minutes Report on KII WASH Report on KII Education and Children Report on KII Agriculture and Livelihood Key Informant Interview Format GoB Key Informant Interview Format Agriculture 2 Tables & Pictures Table 1 Affected Upazila and Unions of Brahmanbaria District Table 2 Summary of Affected Population and Shelters Table 3 Report Submission & Responsibility Table 4 Priorities identified by Upazila Officials Table 5 Damaged water supply system Table 6 Damaged sanitary system Table 7 Damage in Agriculture Table 8 Status of production during disaster per Upazila Table 9 Seasonal Calendar Table 10 Damage Information on Livestock Table 11 Summary of Assistance by Government, BDRCS, NGOs and other agencies Table 12 A brief summary of the major Shelter responses Table 13 Responses intervened in terms of water supply Picture 1 Tornado Affected Upazilas of Brahmanbaria Picture 2 KII with Deputy Commissioner, Brahmanbaria Picture 3 KII with Executive Engineer, DPHE, Brahmanbaria Picture 4 KII with Vice Chairman and Secretary, BDRCS Brahmanbaria Unit Picture 5 KII with District Agriculture Officer, Brahmanbaria Picture 6 KII with District Education Officer & District Child Affairs officer of Brahmanbaria Picture 7 Affected family taking temporary shelter in tents, Basudeb Union, Brahmanbaria Picture 8 Debris in the rice fields, Brahmanbaria 3 Acknowledgements On behalf of the WASH, Shelter, and Early Recovery Cluster involved in this assessment, we would like to acknowledge the valuable support received from the Deputy Commissioner (DC), Brahmanbaria for organizing a Disaster Management Committee (DMC) meeting at the district. This support has significantly contributed to the quality of this assessment. Special gratitude to Deputy Director from DAE, Ex.En–DPHE, District Primary Education officer and other DMC members for their cooperation in support of the assessment. Special thanks to Upazila Nirbahi Officers (UNOs) for their support and Project Implementation Officers (PIOs) for contribution to the assessment and managing secondary information. Thanks to Bangladesh Red crescent Society (BDRCS) Brahmanbaria Unit for contribution in the assessment. Heartfelt appreciation to the assessment team conducting Key Informant Interview (KII) in Brahmanbaria and participanting agencies: Department of Disaster Management (DDM), UNDP/CDMP, UNDP/ERF, Habitat for Humanity, Save the Children and IFRC. 4 Acronyms & Abbreviation BDRCS Bangladesh Red Crescent Society CDMP Comprehensive Disaster Management Program CHP Community Hygiene Promoter CGI Corrugated Galvanised Iron CI Corrugated Iron CRA Community Risk Assessment DAE Department of Agricultural Extension DC Deputy Commissioner DDM Department of Disaster Management DLS Department of Livestock DMC Disaster Management Committee DMRD Disaster Management and Relief Division DPHE Department of Public Health and Engineering DRR Directorate of Relief and Rehabilitation DRRO District Relief and Rehabilitation Officer GI Galvanised Iron GoB Government of Bangladesh HCTT Humanitarian Coordination Task Team IFRC International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies INGO International Non-Government Organization KII Key Informant Interview NGO Non-Government Organization PIO Project Implementation Officer PVC Polyvinyl chloride RCC Reinforced Cement Concrete RRAP Risk Reduction Action Plan UNDP United Nations Development Programme UNICEF United Nations Children Fund UNO Upazila Nirbahi Officer UP Union Parishad USO Upazila Statistical Officer WATSAN Water and Sanitation WASH Water, Sanitation and Hygiene WFP World Food Programme 5 Executive Summary A tornado ripped through more than a dozen rural villages in north-eastern Bangladesh in the district of Brahmanbaria on late Friday, 22 March 2013, killing at least 36 people, as per the government D- forms, and battering eight unions of three Upazilas (sub district) of Sadar, Akhaura and Bijoynagar. Around 431 people have been severely injured in the disaster of which 72 are hospitalized and a total of 1731 families affected (of which 1283 and 448 families have been severely and partially affected). Among the eight affected unions, Machihata and Basudeb of Sadar Upazila and union of Uttar Akhaura of Akhaura Upazila have been severely affected. Unions of Ramrail and Sultanpur of Sadar Upazila, Pourashava of Akhaura Upazila and unions of Dakshin Shingerbil and Pattan of Bijoynagar Upazila have been moderately affected by the disaster. The disaster has damaged and destroyed houses and impacted the residences’ water and sanitation facilities, and livelihoods. In connection to the HCTT decision on 24 March 2013, the shelter and WASH cluster initiated a joint assessment on the recent disaster in Brahmanbaria district, through conducting Key Informant Interview (KII). The assessment was also joined by the Early Recovery / Food Security Cluster to understand the context of livelihood at present and priorities in this regard. Following the initiative, a joint team was formed where members from CDMP-UNDP, Disaster Management Department, Save the Children, UNDP/ERF, Habitat for Humanity and IFRC volunteered to take part in Key Informant Interview (KII) with various stakeholders from 03/04/2013-04/04/2013 at the District, Upazila and Union level in Brahmanbaria district. The KII was meant to understand the current situation, priorities of the affected population and gaps in assistance by various stakeholders. The KII focussed on aspects including shelter, WASH and Early Recovery which had been conducted based on the formats provided: one, covering background and technical aspects on shelter, WASH and Early Recovery and a second format on agriculture. Available secondary information, such as D-forms at the Upazila level, had also been collected for reference. A Disaster Management Committee (DMC) meeting was held on 3rd March 2013 at Deputy Commissioner (DC) office which had been facilitated by CRA Specialist, CDMP-UNDP, in order to have a discussion on the objective of the KII to be conducted, to have an overview of the disaster situation and priorities in the aspects of shelter, WASH and Livelihood and the gaps in terms of assistance to the affected people. The assessment team had later divided itself to conduct KII on the technical aspects, Shelter & WASH, Agriculture and Livestock and Education based on his/her expertise. This report presents the findings of KII under various aspects including shelter, WASH and Early Recovery. According to the government statistics, 1778 houses have been completely destroyed and 744 houses have been partially damaged. While most of the affected population has been living without proper shelter since the storm, most are under tents and others have constructed temporary makeshift dwellings on the site of their original houses. As per the government D form, a total of 70 hectares (173 acres) of agricultural land has been completely destroyed and 450 hectares (1,112 acres) of agricultural land partially affected. In average, a total of 295 hectares of Boro rice and 10 hectares of vegetable crops are completely damaged. The tornado impacted the low lying areas of Brahmanbaria district damaging mostly the mono crop of Boro rice production. The storm carried much of the debris into the paddy fields, as a result, affecting the crops. Although no negative coping strategy is adopted by affected people at present, the community is more inclined to external support that may delay the resume of original livelihood. 6 A total number of 371 tube-wells have been damaged and total 595 latrines have been damaged, (of which 523 have been completely destroyed and 72 have been partially affected) in the twister. In most cases, while the