DEPARTMENT of HEALTH and HUMAN SERVICES FISCAL YEAR 2008 NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH - Volume III Overview -- Significant Items Justification of Estimates for Appropriations Committees SIGNIFICANT ITEMS (SIs) FY 2007 House Appropriations Committee Report 109-515 and FY 2007 Senate Appropriations Committee Report 109-287 Table of Contents National Institutes of Health – Institutes and Centers National Cancer Institute (NCI) ...................................................................................... 1 National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)..................................................... 23 National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR) ................................. 41 National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK).............. 45 National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)................................ 73 National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) .................................. 101 National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)............................................ 123 National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) ....................... 127 National Eye Institute (NEI) ......................................................................................... 153 National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) ..................................... 155 National Institute of Aging (NIA) ................................................................................. 163 National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS)........ 173 National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD) ......No SIs Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)................................................................................. 187 National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) ................................................................... 203 National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) ....................................223 National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR) .............................................................229 National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) ............................................... 235 National Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB) ......................241 National Center for Research Resources (NCRR)......................................................... 245 National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) ................. 251 National Center on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NCMHD) ........................255 Fogarty International Center (FIC)..................................................................................263 National Library of Medicine (NLM)............................................................................ 269 Office of the Director (OD) .............................................................................................273 Items of Interest Action Plan for Liver Disease Research ................................................................ 45,56 Acute Liver Failure..................................................................................................... 45,56 Adolescent Brain Development ................................................................................203,209 Adolescent Depression and Suicide ..................................................................187,194,209 Advanced Imaging Technology for Heart Disease and Stroke........................................ 31 Age-Related Macular Degeneration .............................................................................. 153 AIDS-Related Comprehensive Plan ................................................................................ 29 Alaska Substance Abuse................................................................................................ 224 Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency..................................................................................... 273 i Alzheimer’s Disease ........................................................................73,81,163,167,188,194 Ameliorating Liver Disease .................................................................................... 251.253 American Russian Cancer Alliance (ARCA) ............................................................... 263 Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS .............................................................................. 82 Antibiotic Resistance ..................................................................................................... 110 Antimicrobial Resistance............................................................................................... 111 Artificial Pancreas.......................................................................................................... 242 Asthma ............................................................................................................. 101,112,155 Atopic Dermatitis........................................................................................................... 112 Autism..................................................................................................................... 133,158 Autism and Vaccines ..................................................................................................... 273 Autism Spectrum Disorders...................................................................... 127,155,275,294 Autoimmune Diseases ................................................................................................... 113 Basic Behavioral Research ..................................................................................... 276,295 Basic Behavioral Science............................................................................................... 194 Batten Disease.................................................................................................................. 83 Behavioral and Social Research on the Work and Retirement...................................... 168 Behavioral Research ............................................................................................... 229,231 Behavioral Research in Strategic Plan........................................................................... 158 Behavioral Research on Diabetes .................................................................................... 56 Behavioral Research on Pandemic Flu .......................................................................... 114 Behavioral Science ........................................................................................................ 133 Best Practices for Planned Vaginal Birth ...................................................................... 128 Biliary Atresia............................................................................................................. 46,57 Bone Marrow Diseases .................................................................................................... 23 Bone Strength ......................................................................................................... 163,168 Brain Tumors ................................................................................................................... 84 Breast Cancers ................................................................................................................... 8 Burden of Skin Diseases ......................................................................................... 173,179 Cancer Centers ................................................................................................................ 1 Cancer Centers at Minority Institutions........................................................................... 21 Cancer in Minority Communities ........................................................................... 255,258 Cancer Metastasis to Bone.............................................................................................. 2,9 Cancer Vaccines ................................................................................................................ 9 Cardiovascular Disease and Women ............................................................................... 23 Center for Scientific Review (CSR) ................................................................................296 Childhood Obesity ......................................................................................................... 134 Chromosome Abnormalities .......................................................................................... 277 Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy (CIDP) ..................................... 85 Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) ........................................................................... 9 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) ............................................ 32,264,266 Clinical Neuroprotection Trials – Parkinson’s Disease................................................... 79 Clinical Research ........................................................................................................... 297 Clinician’s Guide ........................................................................................................... 224 Coinfection Research.............................................................................................. 102,115 ii Collaboration With Single State Authorities (SSAs) ......................................................209