2 Dicastery for Promoting Integral Human Development THEORY AND PRAXIS OF DEVELOPMENT PROCEEDINGS OF THE ONE-DAY SEMINAR1 ON THE OCCASION OF THE 10TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE ENCYCLICAL LETTER CARITAS IN VERITATE BY POPE BENEDICT XVI Casina Pio IV, Vatican City State, 3rd December 2019 1 The booklet contains keynote addresses and responses made during the one-day seminar and made available to the Dicastery for Promoting Integral Human Development for publication. 3 Dicastery for Promoting Integral Human Development Palazzo San Calisto 00120 Vatican City State [email protected] www.humandevelopment.va © 2019 Dicastery for Promoting Integral Human Development 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORD p. 9 H. Em. Card. Peter K. A. TURKSON Prefect of the Dicastery for Promoting Integral Human Development OPENING SESSION p. 11 H. Exc. Archbp. Paul Richard GALLAGHER Secretary for Relations with States, Secretariat of State Opening Remarks H. Em. Card. Peter K. A. TURKSON Prefect of the Dicastery for Promoting Integral Human Development Introduction H. Exc. Archbp. Silvano M. TOMASI Founder of the Caritas in Veritate Foundation Stefano ZAMAGNI President of PASS La Caritas in Veritate dieci anni dopo THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE CHURCH p. 39 Stefano ZAMAGNI President of PASS When economy divorces from fraternity: The message of Caritas in veritate H. Em Card. Michael CZERNY Undersecretary of the Dicastery for Promoting Integral Human Development – Migrants and Refugees Section The message of integral human development and integral ecology: towards Laudato Si’ Msgr. Peter SCHALLENBERG Catholic Central Institute for Social Sciences in Mönchengladbach – Germany The Basis of Personal and Social Ethics for an Integral Human Development 5 THE PERSPECTIVE OF CATHOLIC DEVELOPMENT AGENCIES p. 59 Tony CASTLEMAN Director of Agriculture, Livelihoods, Water and Microfinance at CRS Theory and Praxis of Development in CRS: Translating Social Teachings into Practice Lawrence A. HONNY Development Economist The theory and praxis of development from the perspective of Catholic Development Agencies THE PERSPECTIVE OF CATHOLIC SOCIAL TEACHING p. 73 Anna ROWLANDS Professor of Catholic Social Thought and Practice, Univ. of Durham - UK The contribution of Caritas in Veritate to the Sense of Development in Catholic Social Tradition Michael NAUGHTON Director of the Center for Catholic Studies, Univ. of St. Thomas, Minnesota – USA The Roots of Integral Human Development in Catholic Social Teaching THE PERSPECTIVE OF COMMUNITY AND NATIONAL INITIATIVES p. 89 Maria Luisa SILVA Director of UNDP, Office in Geneva The Perspective of UNDP on Development at a Community and National Level Adriana GÓMEZ CHICO SPAMER IMDOSOC - México Theory and Praxis of Development in Community Initiatives CONCLUSIONS p. 101 Luigino BRUNI Professor of Political Economy at LUMSA University – Italy Economics and Charitas 6 INTERVENTIONS AND WRITTEN CONTRIBUTIONS (alphabetical order) p. 113 Eduardo AGOSTA SCAREL, O. Carm. Universidad Nacional de La Plata Silvina ASTIGUETA Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina Simona BERETTA Catholic University – Milan Emilce CUDA Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina Carmen De la PEÑA CORCUERA Ambassador of Spain to the Holy See Mary DENNIS Pax Christi International Tugdual DERVILLE Alliance Vita Marta Isabel GONZÁLEZ ÁLVAREZ CIDSE Gordian F. GUDENUS Bank Gutmann AG H. Exc. Archbp. Ivan JURKOVIČ Apostolic Nuncio and President of the Caritas in veritate Foundation Yadviga KIRDZIK ICMC Jordan Sasha KOO FAO - Food and Agriculture Organisation Angelo MAGNI I Love Panzerotti Project Raffaella PETRINI, FSE, Pontifical University St. Thomas Aquinas 7 Giampaolo SILVESTRI AVSI Eutimio TILIACOS Centesimus Annus pro Pontifice Foundation Godwin George UMO OON Ambassador of Nigeria to the Holy See Raymond Van ERMEN Executive Director- European Partners for the Environment (EPE) 8 FOREWORD Peter Kodwo Appiah Cardinal Turkson Prefect of the Dicastery for Promoting Integral Human Development Against the background of the challenges to the growth and wellbeing of parts of the world, including the decolonization and the emergence of new independent States, for example in Africa, Pope Paul VI wrote his Encyclical Letter, Populorum Progressio (1967). The opening lines are: “The progressive development of peoples is an object of deep interest and concern to the Church. This is particularly true in the case of those peoples who are trying to escape the ravages of hunger, poverty, endemic disease and ignorance; of those who are seeking a larger share in the benefits of civilization and a more active improvement of their human qualities; of those who are consciously striving for fuller growth.” The core message of Pope Paul VI is the solidary development of people, rooted in a transcendental humanism which places at its centre the true meaning of human life, and cultivates the social significance of brotherhood. Although Pope Paul VI thus laid the basis for a new concept in the Social Teaching of the Church that does not reduce growth and development to mere economic and material terms, his emphasis was the solidary development of persons, as belonging to States and nations. About forty years later, in 2009, Pope Benedict XVI revisited the Encyclical letter of Pope Paul VI, Populorum Progressio and its core teaching on the development of people, to introduce a small, but a very significant, emphasis on the development of the person: on human development. Thus, Pope Benedict XVI does not only talk about “human ecology”; he echoes the teaching of Pope Paul VI that “authentic human development concerns the whole of the person in every single dimension” (Civ, 11). Against the background of events in the world in his day, such as, persistent poverty, hunger, exploitation, the emerging of environmental issues into prominence, globalization and planetary inter-dependence, new means of communication, increasing inability of politics and national governments to deal with global and multi-national powers, financial crisis and monetary institutions etc., Pope Benedict XVI focuses on the concrete person, and teaches that development is always “human development” that is integral, solidary and complete or total. Accordingly, for Pope 9 Benedict XVI, “social issues” are essentially “anthropological issues” (Civ. 75). They concern “the truth about the human person,” which is to be discovered in the truth of his being, namely, in Christ who is charity in truth and who, as such, is also “the principal driving force behind the authentic development of every person and of all humanity.” (Civ, 1). Thus, if development is understood as a “vocation” of every person, it is because, its realization needs to be inspired by the charity of Christ and the consequent virtue of gratuitousness. Now, since “development” is the core business of the Dicastery for Promoting Integral Human development, the Dicastery wanted to celebrate the 10th anniversary of the Encyclical Letter of Pope Benedict XVI, Caritas in veritate, by organizing a day of study (3rd December 2019) of the Encyclical Letter under the heading: Caritas in veritate and the theory and Praxis of Development. It is hoped that by revisiting the encyclical’s deep rooting of the concept of development in Christian anthropology and theology, and its subsequent presentation of development as the vocation of every person, the Dicastery will be better guided in its promotion, in the Church and in society, of the integral human development of all people. The one-day meeting brought about 80 people together from the Roman Curia, from Church organizations (e.g. CIDSE Members), from the United Nations (MDGs, SDGs, UNDP, UNCTAD, FAO, ADB), from Universities and Centres of Learning, especially, on “development economics” and several lay organizations and NGO’s. The studies and essays in this booklet are the contributions of these participants; and they consist of keynote addresses, responses to these keynote addresses and contributions made during discussion sessions. The Dicastery for Promoting Integral Human Development is grateful to them all for their very generous responses to its invitation and for their insightful contributions. 10 OPENING SESSION 11 12 OPENING REMARKS Paul R. Archbishop Gallagher Secretary for Relations with States of the Holy See Excellencies, ladies and gentlemen, I am pleased to have the opportunity to offer some brief remarks during this study day on the occasion of the 10th anniversary of the Papal Encyclical Caritas in Veritate (29 June 2009). A word of thanks goes to those involved in the organization of this event, especially to the Dicastery for the Promotion of Integral Human Development. The Encyclical Caritas in Veritate stands as another one of the major building blocks in the complex and profound structure that we call Catholic Social Teaching. Pope Benedict XVI’s Encyclical develops the rich tradition, embarked upon by Pope Leo XIII in the Encyclical Letter Rerum Novarum, and continued throughout the 20th century, with a particular emphasis placed upon the need for solidarity for true human development as expressed by Pope Saint Paul VI in Populorum progressio. Consistent with the principles elaborated in the past century, Caritas in Veritate addresses the modern challenges to justice and the common good, most especially those associated with globalization and fast growing technological and scientific progress. Allow me to highlight some of the aspects that are foundational, especially for the diplomatic activity of the Holy