Wood Structural Panels Over Metal Framing DESIGN/CONSTRU C T I O N G UI D E Wood Structural Panels Over Metal Framing 2 WOOD The Natural Choice Engineered wood products are a good choice for the environment. They are manufactured for years of trouble-free, dependable use. They help reduce waste by decreasing disposal costs and product damage. Wood is a renewable, recyclable, biodegradable resource that is easily manufactured into a variety of viable products. A few facts about wood. ■ We’re growing more wood every day. Forests fully cover one-third of the United States’ and one-half of Canada’s land mass. American landowners plant more than two billion trees every year. In addition, millions of trees seed naturally. The forest products industry, which comprises about 15 percent of forestland ownership, is responsible for 41 percent of replanted forest acreage. That works out to more than one billion trees a year, or about three million trees planted every day. This high rate of replanting accounts for the fact that each year, 27 percent more timber is grown than is harvested. Canada’s replanting record shows a fourfold increase in the number of trees planted between 1975 and 1990. ■ Life Cycle Assessment shows wood is the greenest building product. A 2004 Consortium for Research on Renewable Industrial Materials (CORRIM) study gave scientific validation to the strength of wood as a green building product. In examining building products’ life cycles – from extraction of the raw material to demolition of the building at the end of its long lifespan – CORRIM found that wood was better for the environment than steel or concrete in terms of embodied energy, global warming potential, air emissions, water emissions and solid waste production. For the complete details of the report, visit www.CORRIM.org. ■ Manufacturing wood is energy efficient. Percent of Percent of Wood products made up 47 percent of all Material Production Energy Use industrial raw materials manufactured in the Wood 47 4 United States, yet consumed only 4 percent Steel 23 48 of the energy needed to manufacture all Aluminum 2 8 industrial raw materials, according to a 1987 study. ■ Good news for a healthy planet. For every ton of wood grown, a young forest produces 1.07 tons of oxygen and absorbs 1.47 tons of carbon dioxide. Wood: It’s the natural choice for NOTICE: the environment, for design and for The recommendations THICKNESS 0.451 IN. in this guide apply only strong, lasting construction. to products that bear the APA trademark. Only products bearing the APA trademark are subject to RATED SHEATHING6 the Association’s quality 32/1 auditing program. SIZED FOR SPACING1 EXPOSURE 000 C-D PS1-07 PRP-108 15/32 CATEGORY Form No. T625C ■ © 2009 APA – The Engineered Wood Association ■ www.apawood.org Wood Structural Panels Over Metal Framing 3 PANELS AppLIED TO METAL FRAMING OR DECKING In roof, floor, and wall applications, wood structural panels are CONTENTS often applied directly to metal framing or decking. Wood struc- tural panels have several features that make them an efficient, PAneLS AppLIED to MetAL strong, and durable building material: FRAMING OR DecKING ............. 3 WooD STRuctuRAL PAneL ■ It’s easy to fasten wood panels to metal framing. WALL SHEATHING .................. 4 ■ Wood structural panels are easy to cut and install. This FLooR AND Roof reduces time and cost in initial construction, simplifies interior ConstRuctIon ................. .6 Design Tables .................. 7 finish and mechanical work, and permits modification of the Fastener Schedules .............. 9 structure later if desired. FAsteneRS .................... .10 ■ Wood structural panels work well with most metal framing Self-drilling, Self-tapping Screws . 10 Pneumatically-driven Steel Pins . 10 layouts and are readily available. Screw-shank Nails ............... 10 ■ Wood structural panels lend themselves to panelized and pre- ABout APA .................... .13 fabricated construction, further reducing on-site labor costs. ■ Wood structural panels have high shear values for diaphragm roofs and floors, and for shear walls or bracing. ■ Wood structural panels add to the thermal insulation of the assembly, virtually eliminating the vapor condensation prob- lems associated with uninsulated metal and concrete roofs, walls and floor surfaces. ■ Compared to concrete decks, wood structural panels save time, weight, and mess. Weight savings alone can save substantially on framing costs. A variety of APA wood structural panels, including plywood and oriented strand board (OSB) can be applied over metal framing. For the applications described here, APA Rated Sheathing or APA Rated Sturd-I-Floor® meet the requirements for structural sheath- ing and flooring. These APA panels are performance rated. APA Performance Rated Panels are manufactured to conform to perfor- mance-based standards which provide product performance base- lines, such as load-carrying capacity, for designated end uses. This brochure describes typical assemblies for wood structural pan- els attached to metal framing in floor, wall, and roof construction. Form No. T625C ■ © 2009 APA – The Engineered Wood Association ■ www.apawood.org Wood Structural Panels Over Metal Framing 4 WOOD STRUCTURAL PANEL WALL SHEATHING THICKNESS 0.451 IN. THICKNESS 0.418 IN. APA Rated Sheathing easily meets building code requirements for bending and racking strength without diagonal straps. Building paper or a code-recognized weather-resistive barrier is required behind siding (IRC Table R703.4). Rated RATED SHEATHING RATED SHEATHING 32/16 24/16 Sheathing provides an excellent nail base for exterior siding. For information on SIZED FOR SPACING SIZED FOR SPACING EXPOSURE 1 EXPOSURE 1 000 000 installing exterior panel siding over nailable sheathing, refer to the Engineered PS1-07 C-D PS2-04 SHEATHING PRP-108 PRP-108 HUD-UM-40 Wood Construction Guide, Form E30. 15/32 CATEGORY 7/16 CATEGORY The minimum APA Rated Sheathing thickness recommended for attachment to metal studs is as shown in Table 1. FIGURE 1 WOOD STRUCTURAL PANEL WALL SHEATHING Leave 1/8" space at all Wood structural panel panel end and edge sheathing applied with joints, unless otherwise strength axis parallel indicated by panel to stud manufacturer For extra sheathing stiffness, apply panel with strength axis Building paper or across studs other code approved weather-resistive barrier required behind siding Metal framing Wood filler strip, if required APA Rated Siding nailed to wood structural panel sheathing (Note: Some Canadian Check local building codes provincial building codes for need to “block” require that when steel horizontal joints in panels framing is used, 25 used for bracing. percent of the required wall insulation be placed on the (Note: Use pneumatically driven outside of the wall framing and pins, self-drilling, self-tapping wood sheathing if used. This is to screws, or screw-shank nails spaced prevent condensation from thermal bridging 6" o.c. along panel edges over across the metal wall studs, which may have an framing and 12" o.c. along adverse effect on the use of wood sheathing or siding. intermediate studs.) Check the local building jurisdiction for requirements.) Form No. T625C ■ © 2009 APA – The Engineered Wood Association ■ www.apawood.org Wood Structural Panels Over Metal Framing 5 TABLe 1 APA RAteD SHEATHING AND AttACHment DIRect to MetAL StuDS(a)(b)(c) Minimum Properties for Attachment Screws(d) Panel Fastener Maximum Wind Speed (for wind speeds above 85 mph) Spacing (3-second gust) (mph) Minimum Minimum Minimum Minimum Wood Nominal Maximum Wind Exposure Head Withdrawal Structural Panel Wall Stud Category Diameter Capacity from Panel Span Thickness Spacing Edges Field (in.) Metal Stud (lb) Rating (in.) (in. o.c.) (in. o.c.) (in. o.c.) B C D 24/0 3/8 16 6 12 110 90 85 0.266 43 12 110 100 90 24/16 7/16 16 6 6 150 125 110 12 130 110 105 16 6 6 150 125 110 0.281 59 24/16 7/16 12 110 90 85 24 6 6 110 90 85 (a) Panel strength axis parallel or perpendicular to supports. Three-ply plywood sheathing with studs spaced more than 16 inches on center shall be applied with panel strength axis perpendicular to supports. (b) Table is based on wind pressures acting toward and away from building surfaces in accordance with Section 6.4.2.2 of ASCE 7. Lateral requirements shall be in accordance with Chapter 22 of the International Building Code. See fastener manufacturer for lateral design capacities. (c) Wood structural panels with Span Ratings of Wall-16 or Wall-24 shall be permitted as an alternate to panels with a 24/0 Span Rating. Plywood Siding rated 16 oc or 24 oc shall be permitted as an alternate to panels with a 24/16 Span Rating. Wall-16 and Plywood Siding 16 oc shall be used with studs spaced a maximum of 16 inches on center. (d) Use only fasteners as recommended by metal-framing manufacturer. Fasteners selected must have the minimum properties as shown in the table above. Form No. T625C ■ © 2009 APA – The Engineered Wood Association ■ www.apawood.org Wood Structural Panels Over Metal Framing 6 FLOOR AND ROOF CONSTRUCTION In roof construction, wood structural panels are used over metal framing as a nail base for the finish roofing. On floors, the panels are used as a subfloor, combination subfloor/underlayment (APA Rated Sturd-I-Floor), or as an underlayment for the flooring. In floor construction, if a separate underlayment will be installed, the panel subfloor may be square-edged. For single-floor construction, use APA Rated Sturd-I-Floor 16, 20, 24, 32, or 48 oc with tongue-and-grooved edges. The panels can be manually or machine fastened directly to the metal framing either with hardened screw-shank nails, pneumatically driven pins, or with self-drilling, self-tapping screws. Formed metal joists are available in a “C” or box section from 14- to 19-gauge sheet steel.