Annals. Food Science and Technology 2009 STUDIES ON THE NATURAL POTENTIAL OF SUSTAINABLE RURAL DEVELOPMENT PRAHOVA COUNTY Leontin Viİinescu Brinzea, Florin Maracineanu, Elena Constantin USAMV Bucharest, Land Improuvement and Environmental Engineering Faculty, 59 Marasti Boulevard, Bucharest, Romania, E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Economic and social development of an area depends on natural resources that it offers for use in accordance with the requirements imposed by the development, evidenced by general policies, local and regional area. Evaluation natural heritage area study highlights opportunities to support the sustainable development. In this regard, basic element that generates complex environmental factors is the site area, characterized in that the Prahova County covers an area of 4716 km, i.e. 1.98% of the area of Romania, being located in the central -northern part of Wallachia, in catchment areas of Teleajen Prahova river, at the intersection of parallel of latitude 45˘ 26' east longitude meridian, being bounded on the north of the Bucegi Mountains, Baiu, detritus, and Tataru Ciucaİ. For the amount of resources capable of producing diversification and restructuring the economy by promoting policies differentiated into zones, taking into account the amount and degree of recovery of potential natural, economic, social and reabiliatare problems, environmental protection and conservation are proposed specific measures of technical and economic. Keywords: primary natural potential, sustainable rural development, soil, climate conditions, agricultural performance 1. INTRODUCTION The basic element that generates complex environmental factors is the site area, Economic and social development of an area characterized in that the Prahova County depends on natural resources that it offers for covers an area of 4716 km, ie 1.98% of the area use in accordance with the requirements of Romania, being located in the central- imposed by the development, evidenced by northern part of Wallachia, in catchment areas general policies, local and regional area. of Teleajen Prahova river, at the intersection of Natural potential of a territory defined by the parallel 45 ˘ north latitude and 26 ˘ east set of resources that consists environment can longitude meridian, being bounded on the north be analyzed by the magnitude and specificity of of the Bucegi Mountains, Baiu, detritus, and each component separately. Tataru Ciucaİ. Natural potential primary consists of the basic Prahova County is part, according to the factors determining the formation and territorial organization - management of the evolution of the natural environment and a territory of Romania, South-Muntenia Region potential secondary, derived from natural No.3 alongside Calarasi, Arges, Dambovita, potential Primarily composed of exploitable Giurgiu, Ialomita and Teleorman. resources of the natural environment. As a result of the site topography Prahova County is willing to succeed three major steps 2. PRIMARILY NATURAL POTENTIAL from NW to the SE, the difference in level of FOR RURAL DEVELOPMENT OF 2433m, the Omu Peak (2505m) and Plain PRAHOVA COUNTY GherghiEei (72m). Share main morphological units of the total Evaluation of potential natural area study area of the county is as follows: Plain - highlights the natural potential to support 1744km ×, ie 37%, Sub-Carpathian hills - 1700 sustainable development. km ×, ie 36%, mountains - 1288 km ×, ie 28%. Available on-line at www.afst.valahia.ro 436 Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2009 Annals. Food Science and Technology 2009 Following and hydrology relief is appropriate the plain and is characterized by continental variables. climate Subcarpathians and 20%, the mountain Length of water courses cadastral Prahova area has a moderate continental climate.[×] County is 1786km with a summed area of the Characterization of the plains climate, river basin of 3350 km ×. The average density economic importance to the farming activity in of river network is 0.40 km / km × with large the cultural field can be made by calculating differences according to the form of relief: 0.70 the balance index (Ib =-6o), hidroclimatic km / km × in the mountains, 0,30-0,50 km / km index (HI = 91%) and aridity index (Ia = 30.7) . × in Plain GherghiEei and 0.10 kilometers / km × In interpreting the values obtained shows that dejecEie cone surface of Prahova. they correspond subexcedentare area, low Theoretical reserve of water in the county grade agricultural land with poor water supply amounts to a volume of 664milioane m¹, of from precipitation. This means that an efficient which 68.8% is surface water and groundwater farming, sustainable nature of fitting 31.2%. Compared to the total volume, usable teriroriului requires both to cover the deficit of water resources is 377milioane m¹ (226 million water by irrigation and for discharge of excess m¹ of surface water and groundwater 151 water by drainage. [¹] million m¹ in canvas); 79% of the surface of This characterization suggests that the general this county is the sub-Prahova - Teleajen climate and agriculture rain may cause some (3738km ×) basin belonging Ialomita-Buzau. [−] beneficial effects, limited, but the dynamics of Along the network of rivers, a series of lakes the report precipitation / water consumption, located mainly in the plain complete the increasingly unstable in relation to the hydrographic picture of Prahova County. The needs of crops. Climate features determined by largest lakes are found in plains, left IalomiEei: the relationship of interdependence between Pond Lady, Rainbow and SMrMcineanca, radiation solar general circulation of the forming the natural by crossing with silt of atmosphere and surface characteristics generate small tributaries of the Ialomita. regionarea climate of the territory. From this Natural conditions have led in time to form a point of view belongs Prahova mountain region variety of soils, the brown podzolic and (sub Southern Carpathians), area of hills and podzolic soils, the soils in the mountain area plateaus (sub Subcarpathians of Getic Plateau) brown brown podzolic, brown acid and in the and plain region ( sub Romanian Plain). Carpathian foothills pseudorendzine plus chernozems bill, chernozems argiloaluvionale, 3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION brown podzolic chernozems reddish and moist phreatic river valleys. Primarily natural potential presented above is Depending on their fertility and category of that agriculture is an important sector in the land use, soils in Prahova fall-dominant classes county economy. Favorable climatic II and III of the arable land in classes IV-A and conditions provide opportunities for the ava to pasture and meadow, in classes of-III, to growing cereliere, viticulture, fruit growing, IV, II to vineyards and grade-III and-IV in industrial crops, vegetable growing and orchards. livestock. In addition to the south of the county The primary elements of the natural heritage with the dominant profile of cereal and animal are most climate variability is determined by husbandry in the county longer post some geographical position of Romania in the pools shaped by: continent Europe and relief distribution in steps - Fruit production in areas within the BMicoi by whose rate decrease from north to south over Voila, Magurele, Valley CMlugMreascM with the 2400m. To these are added by the three valleys Plopu; fracmentarea relief Princip concentrated in the famous wine-production of (Prahova Doftana Telejenul) which is true vineyard Dealu Great Basins: Valley color routing draft. About 80% of the county, Available on-line at www.afst.valahia.ro 437 Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2009 Annals. Food Science and Technology 2009 CMlugMreascM with the Seciu - Boldeİti Scaieni (Mizil Cioran), for fruit trees (UrlaEi, Ploiesti, - UrlaEi, Ceptura, Tohani-mouth Vad; Campina). -production of vegetables in field crops Agricultural yields obtained in Prahova county (Filipeİti Fair, Târgİorul Old Blejoi, Bucov) highlighted issues such as: grain cereals have a crops in greenhouses (Puchenii Greater Pond average production reported period are well Lady, Râfov) and industrial crops in a dominant share in the structure of agricultural greenhouse type (BMrcMneİti, Tatarani). crops; It is noteworthy that the fund of the county below biological potenEilul varieties grown as agricultural land has decreased since 1990 from the potential fertility of the soil: 2217 kg / ha 280,287 ha to 274,381 in 2008, to the reduction for wheat and 3303 kg / ha for grain maize; in arable areas and those occupied by vineyards yields obtained from technical cultures are and orchards. He grew up but the area highly variable from year to year due to the use occupied by pastures and meadows. of traditional technologies, characteristic Reported in the area with agricultural potential agriculture storm. of the county, 61% of agricultural land have We believe that declining harvests after 1998 is potential for field crops, 28% for stock raising, due to several factors, such as: increasing the 6% to 5% for fruit growing and viticulture. share subsistence and semi-subsistence farms, This structure shows that the production the practice of traditional agricultural indicative of Prahova County agricultural area technologies, agriculture characteristic rain has favorable natural conditions for all with a low potential vegetation factors, the categories of agricultural activities, conditions production of extreme weather conditions , etc.. to be emphasized by the action of Fruit-growing plantations in areas