<p>Grammar diagram Spanish IV The subjunctive Sra. Parellada</p><p>1. When do we use it?</p><p>We use the subjunctive form when we have these 2 conditions:</p><p>In a subordinate (or dependant clause) where the subject is different to the subject of the main clause.</p><p>Main clause + que + dependent noun clause</p><p>(subject + verb) + que + (different subject + verb in subjunctive)</p><p>AND</p><p>It doesn´t express real/factual actions or statements but it describes hypothetical situations, that is, when the main clause express wishes, preferences and recommendations, emotions or feelings, and doubt or denial 2. How do we use it?</p><p>2.1. Regular verbs in the subjunctive form:</p><p>Based on the yo form (first person of the singular) of the present indicative: we drop the –o and add the appropriate subjunctive endings:</p><p>For –ar verbs: -e, -es, -e, emos, éis, en</p><p>For –er and –ir verbs: -a, -as, -a, -amos, -áis, -an</p><p>- With verbs that are irregular in the yo form of the present indicative (except verbs whose first person indicative ends in –oy), use the irregular form to form the subjunctive</p><p>Tener: tengo → tenga, tengas, tenga, tengamos, tengáis, tengan</p><p>Ver: veo → vea, veas, vea, veamos, veáis, vean</p><p>- Note that –ar verbs and –er stem-changing verbs, just as in the indicative, change in all forms except nosotros and vosotros</p><p>Encontrar: encuentro → encuentre, encuentres, encuentre, encontremos, encontréis, encuentren</p><p>Querer: quiero → quiera, quieras, quiera, queramos, queráis, quieran</p><p>- For –ir stem changing verbs, the unstressed e changes to i and the unstressed o changes to u in the nosotros and vosotros subjunctive forms</p><p>Sentir: siento → sienta, sientas, sienta, sintamos, sintáis, sientan</p><p>Dormir: duermo → duerma, duermas, duerma, durmamos, durmáis, duerman</p><p>- Verbs whose infinitives end in -car, -gar and –zar have spelling changes:</p><p> c →qu: buscar → busque, busques, busque, busquemos, busquéis, busquen</p><p> g→gu: llegar →llegue, llegues, llegue, lleguemos, lleguéis, lleguen</p><p> z→c: empezar → empiece, empieces, empiece, empecemos, empecéis, empiecen</p><p>2.2 Irregular verbs in the subjunctive form:</p><p>DAR ESTAR HABER IR SABER SER dé esté haya vaya sepa sea des estés hayas vayas sepas seas dé esté haya vaya sepa sea demos estemos hayamos vayamos sepamos seamos deis estéis hayáis vayáis sepáis seáis den estén hayan vayan sepan sean</p>