<p>Chapter 1 - Exceptionality and Special Education</p><p>1. Disability vs. Handicap - disability: an inability/diminish capacity to do something -handicap: a disadvantage imposed on an individual depending on the circumstances</p><p>2. Exceptional learner is different in some way from the average - gifts or disabilities - National vs. California - when special education works it means improved achievement and behavior</p><p>3. Prevalence - percentage of the population or number of individuals having a particular disability - late 1990's about 10 students in every 100 were receiving special education 4. Providing Special Education Services - continuum of services - least restrictive environment (LRE)</p><p>5. Regular educator's responsibility</p><p>1 - modify or adapt the student's instructional program and document - examine student's school record - communicate concerns to parents</p><p>6. Origins of Special Education - historical roots: early 1800's - many originators were European physicians - many original practices still current today</p><p>7. Legislation - 1st major national legislation: PL94-142 passed in 1975, mandated FAPE - reauthorized with IDEA (Individuals with Disabilities Education Act) 1990 and expanded in 1997 - ADA (Americans with Disabilities Act)</p><p>8. Major Provisions of IDEA</p><p>9. IEP (Individualized education program) - written document that spells out the individualized program to meet the exceptional student's needs</p><p>2 - approved by parents or guardian - sequence of IEP development (1) evaluation and identification (2) appropriate IEP (3) placement</p><p>3</p>