<p> SCIENCE EOG TOP 10 REVIEW BOOKLET</p><p>How Your Book Should Look!</p><p>1) Decorative Cover</p><p>2) Answers for Unit 1: Earth’s History</p><p>3) Answers for Unit 2: Chemistry </p><p> Labeled Periodic Table of Elements (get from teacher)</p><p>4) Answers for Unit 3: Cell Biology</p><p>5) Answers for Unit 4: Ecology</p><p>6) Answers for Unit 5: Hydrosphere</p><p>Directions:</p><p> This is an extremely important review project and it will count as a major project grade!</p><p> Use the “See 3 Before Me” Method…as in use your notes, the textbook, and even your peers before you tell the teacher you can’t find the answer!</p><p> You will complete EVERY question on the review guide! Do them in order, and number them!</p><p> You will work on your booklet in class & at home, so bring it back and forth!</p><p>Due Date: The Day of the Science EOG…May 26th</p><p>Proposed Distribution of Questions:</p><p>Matter: Properties and Change - 14–16% Energy Conservation and Transfer - 10–12% Earth Systems, Structures, and Processes - 13–15% Earth History - 11–13% Structure and Function of Living Organisms - 19–23% Ecosystems - 9–11% Evolution and Genetics - 11–13% Molecular Biology - 8–10%</p><p>Unit 1: Earth’s History: Sections A & B in the Textbook</p><p>1) Draw a diagram to show the Law of Superposition that includes both layers and fossils:</p><p> Label the layers from youngest to oldest</p><p> Explain, using the fossils, both absolute & relative age 2) Draw a labeled picture of the 4 main layers of Earth:</p><p> Explain what caused the Earth’s interior to be separated into 4 main layers.</p><p>3) How do ice cores, tree rings & index fossils provide valuable information about the past?</p><p>4) Write 3 bullet points that state evidence that Pangaea once existed and the continents have since drifted to their present location.</p><p>5) Analyze the diagram above:</p><p> Identify the letter that represents each of the following features:</p><p>- Intrusion:</p><p>- Unconformity:</p><p>- Fault:</p><p> Explain what affect these physical features would have on interpreting the events of the Geologic Time Scale.</p><p>6) Write the following sentences in your book, but fill in the blanks:</p><p>The lithosphere is broken into many pieces of rock called ______that fit together like giant pieces of a ______. The lithosphere is really the ______& solid upper portion of the ______together. The tectonic plates move because of ______circling in the liquid portion of the mantle below the lithosphere called the ______. The movement causes a lot of natural disasters such as ______or ______to occur. There are several types of plate movement. A ______boundary occurs when 2 plates move away from each other. A ______boundary occurs when 2 plates scrape past each other. A ______boundary occurs when 2 plates collide, and sometimes at these boundaries one plate can sink beneath the other which is known as ______.</p><p>7) Draw a 4-square diagram with the definition and an example for each of the 4 Principles of Natural Selection (Think about Finding Nemo)  Overproduction, Variation, Adaptation, Selection</p><p>8) Describe how each of the following isEvidence for Evolution:</p><p> Fossils, Comparative Anatomy (homologous, analogous, vestigial), embryology, genetic similarity (DNA)</p><p>9) Re-write the following statement that describes the root cause of evolution: genetic variation leads to adaptation: genes mutate causing variations  those with the best variations of traits are selected to survive  populations evolve</p><p> How are geologic evolution and biological evolution linked?</p><p>10) Create a T-chart of EXS. of renewable & non-renewable resources (may need to wait until after ENERGY unit to complete)</p><p>Unit 2: Chemistry: Section D in the Textbook</p><p>1) Define what an atom is. Then draw an atom and label its parts and the charge for each of those parts.</p><p> Proton</p><p> Electron</p><p> Neutron</p><p>2) What is the difference between an element, compound &mixture? Give an example of each.</p><p>3) Draw the element box for Oxygen as it appears on the Periodic Table. Label and explain what information each of the following gives you: Atomic Number, Atomic Mass, and Element Symbol</p><p>4) Get a copy of the Periodic Table from your teacher, and then complete the following:</p><p> Color or label the 3 main sections: Metals, Metalloids, and Non-metals and create a key for the colors you use</p><p> Label each of the following groups at the top of the column that they are in: Alkali metals, Alkaline Metals, Transition metals, Halogens, Noble gases</p><p> If elements are in the same group (column) what does that tell you about them?</p><p>5) Write a short explanation about the “cheater” way to find the # of valence electrons an element has, and what valence electrons have to do with elements bonding?</p><p> Compare and contrast an ionic bond and a covalent bond</p><p>6) Remember: The Law of Conservation of Matter/Mass is the key to balancing chemical equations. More simply stated, “What goes in, must come out.” </p><p> How will you know when an EOG question is testing your knowledge of this law? Give an example of how this question might be worded. </p><p>7) Each element on the Periodic Table has it’s own unique set of properties. Copy the following chart into your notes and then fill in the blank columns.</p><p>Property Physical or Chemical Definition Specific Heat Density Malleability Solubility Electrical Conductivity Chemical Reactivity Flammability Boiling Point Melting Point 8) How do you know when a chemical reaction (chemical change) has occurred? List the 5 pieces of evidence we used in class as confirmation that a chemical change had happened over a physical change.</p><p>9) Chemical reactions occur at different rates. What affect do the following have on the rate of a reaction?</p><p> Concentration of the reactants:</p><p> Temperature:</p><p> Surface area of solids:</p><p> Catalyst:</p><p> Inhibitor:</p><p>10) Some chemicals are natural and some are synthetic, what is the difference? Unit 3: Life Sciences –Cell Biology: Section E in textbook</p><p>1) List the 4 characteristics of living things.</p><p>2) What is the difference between a unicellular and multicellular organism? What about the difference between a eukaryotic cell and a prokaryotic cell? Which usually goes with which?</p><p>3) Complete the chart with each of the 9 organelles (nucleus, cell membrane, vacuole, lysosome, mitochondria, cytoplasm, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi body, ribosome).</p><p>Name of Organelle Function of Organelle</p><p>Controls the cell and contains Example: Nucleus its genetic material (DNA)</p><p>4) Advanced cellular processes can be referred to as STERNGRR – identify the process each letter represents as well as an example of each of these processes</p><p>5) Use the gummy bear demonstration to explain what osmosis, diffusion, equilibrium&concentration are.</p><p>6) What is a pathogen? </p><p> Copy and complete the chart on the top of the next page for the 4 types of pathogens.</p><p>Diseases it causes: Pathogen: Characteristics: (at least 2 examples!) Treatment</p><p>Fungi</p><p>Virus</p><p>Bacteria Parasite</p><p>7) What does it mean when pathogens are referred to as contagions? What about mutagens?</p><p>8) What is the difference between a vector and a carrier?</p><p>9) What is the difference between an epidemic & pandemic?</p><p> Can you give an example of each from any point in history?</p><p>10) List 3 examples and 3 careers associated with the field of biotechnology.</p><p>Unit 4: Life Sciences – Ecology: Section B in textbook</p><p>Choose a specific ecosystem to focus on (example: rainforest, ocean, etc) and answer all of the followingquestions with that ecosystem in mind:</p><p>1) Draw anenergy pyramid:</p><p> Label or list producers, primary consumers, secondary consumers, tertiary consumers. </p><p> Label where the most energy vs. the least energy is found based on the “Rule of 10”</p><p>2) Provide examples of the following within your ecosystem:</p><p>Biotic factor-</p><p>Abiotic factor-</p><p>Autotroph-</p><p>Heterotroph-</p><p>Population-</p><p>Niche of a specific organism-</p><p>Density-dependent limiting factor-</p><p>Density-independent limiting factor-</p><p>Predator/prey relationship-</p><p>Cooperation-</p><p>Competition- Parasitism-</p><p>Mutualism-</p><p>Commensalism-</p><p>Example of a connection between an aquatic & terrestrial food chain-</p><p>3) How does energy move through an ecosystem vs. how matter moves through an ecosystem?</p><p>4) Draw and label the steps of the nitrogen cycle.</p><p>5) Draw and label the steps of the carbon cycle.</p><p>Unit 5: Hydrosphere: Section C in the textbook</p><p>1) Draw a pie chart to show what percentage of Earth is saltwater and what percentage of Earth is freshwater. </p><p> Where is MOST of the freshwater on Earth found?</p><p> Draw a diagram of the water cycle and include the following things labeled: precipitation, condensation, transpiration, evaporation, run-off, accumulation, percolation, groundwater, water table, aquifer, spring, well.</p><p>2) Draw and label something that is permeable and something that is impermeable. </p><p> Why is permeable rock necessary for an aquifer to form?</p><p>3) Make a vocabulary table for the following properties of water: cohesion, adhesion, polarity, buoyancy, universal solvent, salinity.</p><p>Word Definition Picture or Example</p><p>4) Create a Venn Diagram for point source pollution and non-point source pollution. </p><p> Give at least 2 examples of each type of water pollution within the Venn Diagram.</p><p>5) Draw the 3 life zones in the ocean and include: </p><p> Write or draw examples of life forms found there</p><p> How do upwelling and downwelling affect ocean life in these zones?</p><p>6) Copy the following sentences into your booklet and fill in the blanks:</p><p> An ______is when salt water from the ocean mixes with ______from a river.</p><p> The 3 main gases found dissolved in the ocean are ______, ______& ______.  Sunlight only penetrates so far through the water, so some organisms use the process of ______rather than photosynthesis to make energy.</p><p>7) What 3 things happen the deeper you go into the ocean?</p><p> How do we use technology to overcome these challenges? </p><p> What have we gained by using technology to explore the ocean?</p><p>8) Explain the process of eutrophication – what causes it, what happens during the process & what is the outcome?</p><p>9) Describe the steps our wastewater goes through to be cleaned.</p><p> Wastewater treatment was established as a part of the Clean Water Act in the 1970’s. Doing our part to take care of Earth is known as ______.</p><p>10) Match the following water quality indicators with the correct definition AND copy the indicators and their definitions into your book: </p><p>_____ 1. Temperature a. The amount of dissolved oxygen in the water</p><p>_____ 2. Turbidity b. An element that can be found in the water that is toxic to humans when they eat contaminated fish _____ 3. Bio-indicators c. Tells you how acidic the water is _____ 4. pH d. If the water is too hot or too cold, it will harm or kill the living things in the water _____ 5. Nutrients e. This indicator is usually good but if there is too much in the water it can become toxic _____ 6. Dissolved Oxygen f. The measure of how cloudy the water is due to stuff in it _____ 7. Mercury g. These are specific animals that live in the water that can indicate if the water is healthy or _____ 8. Coliform not</p><p> h. Indicates the presence of fecal matter (poop)</p>