<p>PICNIC POINT HIGH SCHOOL</p><p>2014</p><p>CHEMISTRY</p><p>Weekly Outline</p><p>Syllabus Outcomes </p><p>8.4 WATER 8.4 Water Contextual Outline The first astronauts who viewed the Earth from space commented on the beauty of our water-rich blue planet. Earth's position in the solar system enables its retention of water in solid, liquid and gaseous forms on and around its surface. The particular properties of the water molecule assisted the evolution of life and continue to support life processes by maintaining a narrow temperature range on the Earth’s surface.</p><p>The concepts of bonding and intermolecular forces are used to increase understanding of the special nature of the water molecule. The chemistry of solutions is examined in greater detail.</p><p>This module increases students’ understanding of the nature and practice of chemistry and the implications of chemistry for society and the environment. Assumed Knowledge Domain: knowledge and understanding Refer to the Science Years 7–10 Syllabus for the following: 5.7.3e) qualitatively describe reactants and products in the following chemical reactions: iii) precipitation. Students learn to: Students: 1. Water is distributed  1.2a.define the terms solute, solvent  1.3a.perform an investigation involving on Earth as a solid, and solution calculations of the density of water as a liquid and a solid using: liquid and gas  1.2b.identify the importance of water as a solvent  1.3b.analyse information by using  1.2c.compare the state, percentage and models to account for the differing distribution of water in the biosphere, densities of ice and liquid water lithosphere, hydrosphere and  1.3c.plan and perform an investigation atmosphere to identify and describe the effect of anti-freeze or salt on the boiling point  1.2d.outline the significance of the of water different states of water on Earth in terms of water as: - a constituent of cells and its role as both a solvent and a raw material in metabolism - a habitat in which temperature extremes are less than nearby terrestrial habitats - an agent of weathering of rocks both as liquid and solid - a natural resource for humans and other organisms</p><p>2. The wide  2.2a.construct Lewis electron dot  2.3a.process information from distribution and structures of water, ammonia and secondary sources to graph and importance of water hydrogen sulfide to identify the compare the boiling and melting points on Earth is a distribution of electrons of water with other similar sized consequence of its molecules molecular structure  2.2b.compare the molecular structure  2.3b.identify data and process and hydrogen of water, ammonia and hydrogen information from secondary sources to bonding sulfide, the differences in their model the structure of the water molecular shapes and in their melting molecule and effects of forces between and boiling points water molecules  2.2c.describe hydrogen bonding  2.3c.choose equipment and perform between molecules first-hand investigations to demonstrate the following properties of water:  2.2d.identify the water molecule as a - surface tension polar molecule - viscosity  2.2e.describe the attractive forces between polar molecules as dipole- dipole forces</p><p> 2.2f.explain the following properties of water in terms of its intermolecular forces: - surface tension - viscosity</p><p>- boiling and melting points Students learn to: Students: 3. Water is an  3.2a.explain changes, if any, to  3.3a.perform a first-hand investigation important solvent particles and account for those changes to test the solubilities in water of a when the following types of chemicals range of substances that include ionic, interact with water: soluble molecular, insoluble molecular, - a soluble ionic compound covalent networks and large molecules such as sodium chloride  3.3b.process information from secondary sources to visualise the - a soluble molecular dissolution in water of various types of compound such as sucrose substances and solve problems by using models to show the changes that occur in particle arrangement as dissolution - a soluble or partially soluble occurs molecular element or compound such as iodine, oxygen or hydrogen chloride</p><p>- a covalent network structure substance such as silicon dioxide</p><p>- a substance with large molecules, such as cellulose or polyethylene</p><p> 3.2b.analyse the relationship between the solubility of substances in water and the polar nature of the water molecule Students learn to: Students: 4. The concentration of  4.2a.identify some combinations of  4.3a.construct ionic equations to salts in water will solutions which will produce represent the dissolution and vary according to precipitates, using solubility data precipitation of ionic compounds in their solubility, and water precipitation can  4.2b.describe a model that traces the  4.3b.present information in balanced occur when the ions movement of ions when solution and chemical equations and identify the of an insoluble salt precipitation occur appropriate phase descriptors (s), (l), are in solution (g), and (aq) for all chemical species together  4.2c.identify the dynamic nature of ion movement in a saturated dissolution  4.3c.perform a first-hand investigation, using micro-techniques, to compare the  4.2d.describe the molarity of a solution solubility of appropriate salts in as the number of moles of solute per solution through precipitation reactions litre of solution using:  4.3d.carry out simple calculations to describe the concentration of given solutions, given masses of solute and  4.2e.explain why different volumes of solution measurements of concentration are  4.3e.perform a first-hand investigation to important make solutions to specified volume-to- volume and mass-to-volume specifications and dilute them to specified concentrations (cV = constant)  4.3f.calculate mass and concentration relationships in precipitation reactions as they are encountered Students learn to: Students: 5. Water has a higher  5.2a.explain what is meant by the  5.3a.choose resources and perform a heat capacity than specific heat capacity of a substance first-hand investigation to measure the many other liquids change in temperature when substances  5.2b.compare the specific heat capacity dissolve in water and calculate the of water with a range of other solvents molar heat of solution</p><p> 5.2c.explain and use the equation  5.3b.process and present information from secondary sources to assess the limitations of calorimetry experiments and design modifications to equipment  5.2d.explain how water’s ability to used absorb heat is used to measure energy changes in chemical reactions</p><p> 5.2e.describe dissolutions which release heat as exothermic and give examples</p><p> 5.2f.describe dissolutions which absorb heat as endothermic and give examples</p><p> 5.2g.explain why water’s ability to absorb heat is important to aquatic organisms and to life on earth generally</p><p> 5.2h.explain what is meant by thermal pollution and discuss the implications for life if a body of water is affected by thermal pollution 2014 Preliminary Chemistry</p><p>8.4 Water Weekly Outline Pre-Reading Topic Homework Syllabus Register 1.1 p195-202 The importance of water 10.1, 10.2, 10.3 1.2a,1.2b,1.2c,1. 2d 1.2 p202-204 Practical 8.4.1 Density Write-up, 10.4 1.3a, 1.3b 1.3 Practical 8.4.2. Effect of anti-freeze or salt on BP of Write up 1.3c water 1.4 207-214 The Structure and Properties of Water 11.1, 11.2, 11.3, 2.2a,b,c,d,e,f, 2.3b 1.5 224 Practical 8.4.3 Graphing Melting Points and Boiling Write-up 2.3a Points 1.6 Practical 8.4.4 Properties of Water Write up, 11.4 2.3c 1.7 Check Homework – Catch up lesson 1.8 229-238 Water as a Solvent 12.1, 12.2 3.2a,b,3.3b 2.1 Practical 8.4.5 Solubility Write-up 3.3a 2.2 239-247 Precipitation and Ions 13.1, 13.2 4.2a,b,c,4.3a,b, f 2.3 Practical 8.4.6 Solubility of Salts and Writing Write-up 4.3a,b,c, Equations 2.4 248-260 Concentration and Molarity 13.3, 13.4, 13.5, 4.2d,e,4.3d,f 2.5 Practical 8.4.7 Concentration Calculations Write-up 44.3d 2.6 Practical 8.4.8 Making up Solutions and Dilutions Write-up 44.3e 2.7 Check Homework – Catch up lesson 2.8 Practical 8.4.9 Solubility Activities Write-up 4.3f 3.1 261-274 Specific Heat Capacity and Calorimetry 14.2, 14.3, 14.4, 5.2a,b,c,d,e,f,5. 3b 3.2 Practical 8.4.10 Enthalpies of Solution 5.3a 3.3 Heat and Life Module Review p275 5.2g,h 3.4 Assessment Task </p>