<p>Biology 212 – Exam 1</p><p>1. Where is DNA found in eukaryotic cells? a. Nucleus only b. Nucleus, mitochondria, and chloroplasts only c. In all membrane bound cell structures, but not the cytosol d. Associated with the cytoskeleton e. Both C and D are correct 2. Why is the plasma membrane so important to cells? a. Membranes regulate what molecule get into and out of cells b. Membranes provide as strong physical barrier preventing cell damage c. Membranes are responsible for osmosis, without osmosis, cells would not have enough water d. All proteins are synthesized on membranes e. Membranes determine the shapes of cells 3. Which of the following structures are characteristic of both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells? a. Ribosome b. Nucleus c. Mitochondria d. Cytoskeleton e. Vesicles 4. What cell structure acts as a sorting and packaging center for proteins and lipids synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum? a. Lysosome b. Centriole c. Golgi d. Mitochondrion e. Nucleus 5. When comparing various stages of cellular respiration, what is the source of the vast majority of the ATP produced? a. Glycolysis b. Krebs Cycle c. Electron transport chain d. Oxidative phosphorylation e. Fermentation 6. Oxidative phosphorylation is the name given to the synthesis of ATP in mitochondria. In this process, a phosphate group is added to ADP. This reaction has a positive G. Where does the necessary chemical energy come from that permits the synthesis to happen? a. From the reduction of oxygen b. From coupled reactions with small energy rich molecules c. From a hydrogen ion gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane d. By the removal of phosphate groups from other molecules e. Choices A and C are both correct 7. What is the value of fermentation to yeast cells? a. Allows the production of alcohol which is a valuable source of energy b. Allows the production of ATP in the absence of oxygen c. Fermentation is an important first step in the synthesis of many needed biochemicals d. Fermentation allows the regeneration of glucose, thus completing the cycle of respiration e. Both C and D are correct 8. Which type of molecule fits this description? A glycerine molecule bound to two long chain organic acid molecules. a. A triglyceride b. A monosaccharide c. A diglyceride d. A steroid e. A saturated fat 9. What molecule generates ATP in chemiosmosis? a. Cytochrome b. FADH c. NADH d. ATPase e. ATP Synthase 10. By what mechanism is ATP generated in the Krebs Cycle? a. Oxidative phosphorylation b. Substrate level phosphorylation c. Acidic phosphorylation d. Proton-gradient phosphorylation e. Electron transport chain phosphorylation 11. What molecule is the end product of glycolysis? a. CO2 b. H2O c. Citric Acid d. Acetic Acid e. Pyruvic Acid 12. What kind of chemical reaction in cells is always coupled with the conversion of NAD+ to NADH? a. Phosphorylation b. Hydrolysis c. Endergonic d. Reduction e. Oxidation</p><p>1. B 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. D 6. C 7. B 8. C 9. E 10. B 11. E 12. E </p>