<p>Supplementary material 1. Sampled vegetation types within each of the ten sites at the upper Cauca river basin, southwestern Colombia. </p><p>Site Vegetation types SF RF B P SC TOTAL F San Julián 1 1 1 3 Colindres 1 1 1 1 4 Las Chatas 1 1 1 3 El Vínculo 1 1 1 1 1 5 El Hatico 1 1 1 1 4 El Medio 1 1 1 1 4 Las Pilas 1 1 1 1 4 Miralindo 1 1 1 1 4 Alejandria 1 1 1 3 Aguas 1 1 1 1 1 4 Claras TOTAL 10 7 7 8 7 39 SF secondary forest, BF giant bamboo forest, RF riparian Forest, SC sugar cane crop, P pasture.</p><p>Supplementary material 2. Species, morphoespecies and abundance of leaf litter ants and arachnids collected in upper Cauca River basin, southwestern Colombia. SF secondary forest, BF giant bamboo forest, RF riparian Forest, SC sugar cane crop, P pasture.</p><p>Vegetation types Taxon SF RF BF P SC Tota l HYMENOPTERA Formicidae Acanthognathus brevicornis Smith, 1944 16 3 9 0 0 28 Acanthognathus ocellatus Mayr, 1887 7 3 6 0 0 16 Acropyga exsanguis (Wheeler, 1909) 14 7 7 0 0 28 Acropyga fuhrmanni (Forel, 1914) 0 0 0 1 0 1 Acropyga sp. 1 40 17 30 3 0 90 Anochetus mayri Emery, 1884 6 10 10 1 2 29 Apterostigma sp. 1 16 13 10 4 1 44 Atta cephalotes (Linnaeus, 1758) 11 3 5 3 0 22 Azteca sp. 1 3 0 2 0 0 5 Azteca sp. 2 2 0 2 0 0 4 Azteca sp. 3 1 0 0 0 0 1 Brachymyrmex cavernicola Wheeler, 1938 1 2 3 0 0 6 Brachymyrmex sp. 1 1 0 0 9 1 11 Brachymyrmex sp. 2 12 0 5 5 0 22 Brachymyrmex sp. 3 0 0 0 4 0 4 Brachymyrmex sp. 4 5 4 6 1 1 17 Camponotus novogranadensis Mayr, 1870 0 0 0 2 3 5 Camponotus sp. 1 12 2 16 1 1 32 Camponotus sp. 2 3 5 1 0 0 9 Camponotus sp. 3 0 0 0 1 0 1 Camponotus sp. 4 6 5 3 1 2 17 Camponotus sp. 5 0 1 0 0 0 1 Camponotus sp. 6 0 0 0 1 0 1 Camponotus sp. 7 4 0 1 1 0 6 Camponotus sp. 8 3 0 0 0 0 3 Cardiocondyla nuda (Mayr, 1866) 0 0 0 24 7 31 Cardiocondyla wroughtonii (Forel, 1890) 1 0 0 4 1 6 Carebara brevipilosa Fernández, 2004 2 2 0 0 0 4 Carebara sp. 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Cephalotes femoralis (Smith, 1853) 1 0 0 0 0 1 Cephalotes maculatus (Smith, 1876) 0 0 1 0 0 1 Cephalotes sp. 1 0 1 1 1 0 3 Crematogaster sp. 1 14 6 5 1 1 27 Crematogaster sp. 2 6 2 1 1 0 10 Crematogaster sp. 3 2 0 0 0 0 2 Vegetation types Taxon SF RF BF P SC Tota l Crematogaster sp. 4 3 0 1 2 0 6 Crematogaster sp. 5 6 3 2 0 0 11 Crematogaster sp. 6 2 1 1 0 0 4 Crematogaster sp. 7 0 0 0 1 0 1 Crematogaster sp. 8 1 0 0 0 0 1 Cyphomyrmex costatus Mann, 1922 9 3 6 0 0 18 Cyphomyrmex rimosus (Spinola, 1851) 76 36 37 42 35 226 Discothyrea horni Menozzi, 1927 2 0 0 0 0 2 Dolichoderus bispinosus (Olivier, 1792) 2 0 1 0 0 3 Dolichoderus diversus Emery, 1894 0 1 0 0 0 1 Dolichoderus lutosus (Smith, 1858) 0 0 1 0 0 1 Dorymyrmex brunneus Forel, 1908 0 0 0 3 0 3 Eciton burchellii (Westwood, 1842) 5 2 1 0 0 8 Ectatomma ruidum (Roger, 1860) 0 0 0 65 12 77 Eurhopalothrix sp. 1 1 1 0 0 0 2 Gnamptogenys annulata (Mayr, 1887) 1 0 0 0 0 1 Gnamptogenys haenschei (Emery, 1902) 1 2 1 0 0 4 Gnamptogenys horni (Santschi, 1929) 2 1 1 0 0 4 Gnamptogenys striatula Mayr, 1884 5 0 4 0 0 9 Hylomyrma reitteri (Mayr, 1887) 18 4 7 0 0 29 Hypoponera sp. 1 14 10 13 0 7 44 Hypoponera sp. 2 55 20 20 28 12 135 Labidus coecus (Latreille, 1802) 7 0 0 2 1 10 Labidus praedator (Smith, 1858) 0 3 1 0 0 4 Leptogenys sp. 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Linepithema iniquum (Mayr, 1870) 0 1 3 0 0 4 Linepithema gallardoi (Kusnezov, 1969) 0 0 1 2 0 3 Linepithema neotropicum (Wild, 2007) 4 1 2 1 6 14 Megalomyrmex Aff. pusillus 13 8 5 0 2 28 Megalomyrmex incisus Smith, 1947 1 0 0 1 0 2 Megalomyrmex sp. 1 1 3 2 1 0 7 Monomorium floricola (Jerdon, 1851) 6 3 0 0 0 9 Mycocepurus smithii (Forel, 1893) 9 9 2 2 0 22 Myrmelachista sp. 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Myrmicocripta sp. 1 23 10 6 0 0 39 Myrmicocripta sp. 2 2 3 5 0 0 10 Neivamyrmex humilis (Borgmeier, 1939) 0 2 0 2 1 5 Neivamyrmex iridescens Borgmeier, 1950 2 0 0 0 0 2 Neivamyrmex sp. 1 1 0 1 1 0 3 Nomamyrmex hartigii (Westwood, 1842) 1 0 0 0 0 1 Odontomachus bauri Emery, 1892 0 2 0 0 2 4 Vegetation types Taxon SF RF BF P SC Tota l Odontomachus chelifer (Latreille, 1802) 9 2 8 1 0 20 Octostruma balzani (Emery, 1894) 31 11 15 7 0 64 Octostruma impressa (Palacio, 1997) 1 0 0 0 0 1 Octostruma jheringi (Emery, 1888) 5 1 5 0 0 11 Octostruma sp. 1 5 6 4 0 0 15 Pachycondyla apicalis (Latreille, 1802) 2 2 6 1 0 11 Pachycondyla constricta (Mayr, 1884) 38 35 44 7 2 126 Pachycondyla crenata (Roger, 1861) 1 0 0 0 1 2 Pachycondyla fauveli Emery, 1896 0 1 0 0 0 1 Pachycondyla harpax (Fabricius, 1804) 0 0 0 1 9 10 Pachycondyla impressa (Roger, 1861) 10 8 4 2 0 24 Pachycondyla obscuricornis Emery, 1890 4 17 15 0 0 36 Pachycondyla unidentata Mayr, 1862 0 0 1 0 0 1 Paratrechina longicornis (Latreille, 1802) 1 0 0 0 1 2 Paratrechina sp. 1 0 0 0 12 18 30 Paratrechina sp. 2 7 1 1 2 11 22 Paratrechina sp. 3 13 0 0 1 0 14 Paratrechina sp. 4 2 1 8 0 0 11 Paratrechina sp. 5 2 2 0 0 0 4 Pheidole sp. 1 15 10 9 17 13 64 Pheidole sp. 2 0 0 0 1 0 1 Pheidole sp. 3 0 2 0 0 0 2 Pheidole sp. 4 1 0 0 0 0 1 Pheidole sp. 5 0 0 0 1 0 1 Pheidole sp. 6 28 14 21 21 21 105 Pheidole sp. 7 0 0 0 10 3 13 Pheidole sp. 8 9 6 5 3 5 28 Pheidole sp. 9 4 2 7 0 1 14 Pheidole sp. 10 45 22 34 1 3 105 Pheidole sp. 11 22 10 16 1 1 50 Pheidole sp. 12 25 13 11 13 1 63 Pheidole sp. 13 5 3 6 1 0 15 Pheidole sp. 14 6 0 0 0 0 6 Pheidole sp. 15 0 0 2 12 0 14 Pheidole sp. 16 3 2 3 0 0 8 Pheidole sp. 17 1 1 1 1 1 5 Pheidole sp. 18 9 11 1 1 0 22 Pheidole sp. 19 2 0 0 0 0 2 Pheidole sp. 20 0 0 1 0 1 2 Prionopelta antillana Forel, 1909 10 5 6 2 0 23 Probolomyrmex boliviensis Mann, 1923 4 0 1 0 0 5 Vegetation types Taxon SF RF BF P SC Tota l Procryptocerus scabriusculus Forel, 1899 1 0 0 0 0 1 Pseudomyrmex boopis (Roger, 1863) 8 4 5 4 0 21 Pseudomyrmex elongatus (Mayr, 1870) 2 0 0 0 1 3 Pseudomyrmex gracilis (Fabricius, 1804) 0 0 0 1 0 1 Pseudomyrmex pallens (Mayr, 1870) 0 0 1 0 0 1 Pseudomyrmex termitarius (Smith, 1855) 0 0 0 6 0 6 Pseudomyrmex sp. 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 Pseudomyrmex sp. 2 0 0 1 0 0 1 Pyramica depressiceps (Weber, 1934) 0 1 0 0 1 2 Pyramica eggersi (Emery, 1890) 38 19 19 36 31 143 Pyramica gundlachi Roger, 1862 59 18 44 4 2 127 Pyramica subedentata (Mayr, 1887) 14 5 11 2 0 32 Pyramica wheeleri (Smith, 1944) 1 0 0 0 0 1 Pyramica zeteki (Brown, 1959) 32 13 24 0 1 70 Rogeria belti Mann, 1922 2 0 0 0 0 2 Rogeria cuneola Kugler, 1994 1 1 0 4 0 6 Rogeria foreli Emery, 1894 36 13 18 6 5 78 Rogeria gibba Kugler, 1994 9 4 8 0 0 21 Rogeria tonduzi Forel, 1899 0 2 1 0 0 3 Solenopsis geminata (Fabricius, 1804) 1 3 0 32 22 58 Solenopsis sp. 1 80 59 58 36 19 252 Solenopsis sp. 2 26 9 17 24 27 103 Solenopsis sp. 3 1 3 0 0 1 5 Solenopsis sp. 4 14 14 13 0 0 41 Solenopsis sp. 5 2 4 1 1 0 8 Strumigenys biolleyi Forel, 1908 7 0 0 0 0 7 Strumigenys cordovensis Mayr, 1887 3 2 3 0 0 8 Strumigenys louisianae Roger, 1863 0 2 0 1 1 4 Strumigenys marginiventris Santschi, 1931 0 0 0 1 0 1 Strumigenys perparva Brown, 1958 17 5 7 1 1 31 Strumigenys rogeri Emery, 1890 4 7 0 9 8 28 Strumigenys trinidadensis Wheeler, 1922 3 0 6 0 0 9 Tapinoma melanocephalum (Fabricius, 0 0 0 0 1 1 1793) Tatuidris sp. 1 1 0 1 0 0 2 Tetramorium bicarinatum (Nylander, 0 0 0 1 0 1 1846) Trachymyrmex cornetzi (Forel, 1912) 12 10 2 1 0 25 Trachymyrmex opulentus (Mann, 1922) 2 5 3 0 0 10 Tranopelta gilva Mayr, 1866 3 4 0 7 0 14 Wasmannia auropunctata (Roger, 1863) 80 56 51 79 58 324 Wasmannia rochai Forel, 1912 1 0 0 21 0 22</p><p>Vegetation types Taxon SF RF BF P SC Tota l ARANEAE Anyphaenidae Anyphaenidae sp. 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 Anyphaenidae sp. 2 0 1 0 0 0 1</p><p>Araneidae Alpaida leucogramma (White, 1841) 0 0 0 4 0 4 Metazygia sp. 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Pronous sp. 1 0 0 3 0 0 3</p><p>Barychelidae Barychelidae sp. 1 0 2 0 0 0 2</p><p>Caponiidae Orthonops sp. 1 1 0 3 0 0 4</p><p>Corinnidae Castianeira sp. 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 Mazax sp. 1 1 2 0 1 0 4</p><p>Dipluridae Ischnothele caudata Ausserer, 1875 1 2 0 0 1 4 Ischnothele sp. 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 Masteria sp. 1 1 0 3 0 0 4</p><p>Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae sp. 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 Gnaphosidae sp. 2 0 0 0 2 0 2 Gnaphosidae sp. 3 0 0 0 1 0 1</p><p>Hahniidae Hahniinae sp. 1 16 5 6 14 28 69</p><p>Linyphiidae Erigoninae sp. 1 9 1 5 4 0 19 Erigoninae sp. 2 4 0 2 0 0 6 Erigoninae sp. 3 1 3 2 0 0 6 Erigoninae sp. 4 2 3 2 5 2 14 Lycosidae Hogna sp. 1 0 0 0 5 0 5 Vegetation types Taxon SF RF BF P SC Tota l Hogna sp. 2 0 0 0 1 0 1 Hogna sp. 3 0 1 0 0 0 1 Lycosinae sp. 1 0 0 0 3 3 6 Lycosinae sp. 2 0 0 0 83 0 83 Pardosa fastosa (Keyserling, 1877) 5 0 0 38 0 43 Trochosa sp.1 63 0 0 0 3 66</p><p>Ochyroceratidae Ochyrocera sp. 1 2 3 8 0 0 13</p><p>Oonopidae Heteroonops spinimanus (Simon, 1891) 0 0 3 3 0 6 Pelicinus sp. 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 Triaeris sp. 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 Oonopidae sp. 1 28 11 5 0 0 44 Oonopidae sp. 2 1 2 0 0 0 3 Oonopidae sp. 3 3 0 0 0 0 3 Oonopidae sp. 4 0 0 4 0 0 4 Oonopidae sp. 5 0 0 1 0 0 1</p><p>Oxyopidae Oxyopes sp. 1 0 0 0 3 0 3</p><p>Pholcidae Pholcidae sp. 1 2 3 0 0 0 5 Pholcidae sp. 2 0 0 2 0 0 2</p><p>Pisauridae Thaumasia sp. 1 0 0 0 1 0 1</p><p>Prodidomidae Lygromma chamberlini Gertsch, 1941 1 0 1 0 0 2 Lygromma quindio Platnick & Shadab, 1 0 3 0 0 4 1976</p><p>Salticidae Thiodina sp. 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 Salticidae sp. 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 Salticidae sp. 2 2 0 0 0 0 2 Salticidae sp. 3 3 0 1 0 0 4 Salticidae sp. 4 0 0 0 0 1 1 Salticidae sp. 5 0 1 0 0 0 1 Vegetation types Taxon SF RF BF P SC Tota l Sparassidae Sparassidae sp. 1 1 2 0 0 0 3</p><p>Theraphosidae Theraphosidae sp. 1 0 1 0 0 0 1</p><p>Theridiidae Episinus sp. 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 Dipoena sp. 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 Dipoena sp. 2 0 0 0 3 0 3 Dipoena sp. 3 0 1 0 0 0 1 Stemmops questus Levi, 1955 2 0 3 0 3 8 Stemmops subtilis (Simon, 1895) 2 0 2 0 0 4 Theridiidae sp. 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 Theridiidae sp. 2 0 1 0 0 0 1 Theridiidae sp. 3 3 0 0 0 0 3 Theridiidae sp. 4 3 0 0 0 0 3 Theridiidae sp. 5 2 0 0 0 0 2 Theridiidae sp. 6 0 0 0 1 0 1 Theridiidae sp. 7 0 0 0 0 1 1 Zodariidae Zodariidae sp. 1 7 0 6 0 0 13 Zodariidae sp. 2 0 1 0 0 0 1</p><p>OPILIONES Agoristenidae Leiosteninae sp. 1 0 0 1 0 0 1</p><p>Cosmetidae Cosmetidae sp. 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Cosmetidae sp. 2 1 0 0 0 0 1</p><p>Fissiphallidae Fissiphallidae sp. 1 1 0 0 0 0 1</p><p>Gonyleptidae Ampycinae sp. 1 0 0 1 0 3 4 Gonyleptidae sp. 1 0 1 0 0 1 2</p><p>Vegetation types Taxon SF RF BF P SC Tota l Icaleptidae Icaleptidae sp. 1 0 0 1 0 0 1</p><p>Samoidae Samoidae sp. 1 0 0 0 1 0 1</p><p>Stygnommatidae Stygnomma sp. 1 0 0 1 0 0 1</p><p>Zalmoxidae Zalmoxidae sp. 1 1 0 0 0 0 1</p><p>PSEUDOSCORPIONES Chernetidae Chernetidae sp. 1 4 0 0 0 0 4 Chernetidae sp. 2 23 0 19 0 0 42 Chernetidae sp. 3 0 0 0 0 2 2</p><p>Chthoniidae Chthoniidae sp. 1 4 0 6 0 0 10</p><p>Olpiidae Olpiidae sp. 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 Olpiidae sp. 2 2 0 0 0 0 2 Olpiidae sp. 3 6 0 5 0 0 11 Olpiidae sp. 4 2 0 0 0 0 2 Olpiidae sp. 5 0 0 3 0 0 3 Olpiidae sp. 6 16 0 5 0 0 21 Olpiidae sp. 7 0 1 2 0 0 3</p><p>Syarinidae Ideobisium sp. 1 2 3 17 1 0 23 Ideobisium sp. 2 25 11 13 0 0 49</p><p>Pseudoscorpiones sp. 1 0 1 1 0 0 2</p><p>SARCOPTIFORMES: ORIBATIDA Cepheidae Cepheidae sp. 1 2 5 3 0 0 10</p><p>Vegetation types Taxon SF RF BF P SC Tota l Ctenobelbidae Ctenobelbidae sp. 1 10 6 2 0 0 18</p><p>Damaeidae Damaeidae sp. 1 3 3 2 0 0 8 Epimerellidae Epimerellidae sp. 1 1 3 5 0 0 9</p><p>Euphthiracaridae Microtritia sp. 1 4 0 0 0 0 4 Rhysotritia sp. 1 4 0 0 0 0 4</p><p>Galumnidae Pergalumna sp. 1 248 59 23 423 10 859 6 Pergalumna sp. 2 45 32 8 130 30 245 Pergalumna sp. 3 66 26 23 11 8 134 Pergalumna sp. 4 68 153 32 35 18 476 8 Galumnidae sp. 1 6 21 6 0 0 33 Galumnidae sp. 2 0 0 0 1 0 1 Galumnidae sp. 3 3 14 0 0 3 20 Galumnidae sp. 4 0 5 14 0 0 19</p><p>Haplozetidae Rostrozetes sp. 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 Rostrozetes sp. 2 0 1 0 0 3 4 Hermanniellidae Sacculobates sp. 1 21 3 5 0 0 29</p><p>Lohmanniidae Mixacarus sp. 1 6 3 3 0 0 12 Lohmanniidae sp. 1 0 0 5 0 0 5</p><p>Neoliodidae Telioliodes sp. 1 1 0 0 0 0 1</p><p>Nothridae Nothridae sp. 1 52 0 0 2 4 58</p><p>Vegetation types Taxon SF RF BF P SC Tota l Oribatellidae Oribatella sp. 1 3 0 0 0 3 6 Oribatellidae sp.1 40 0 0 11 0 51</p><p>Oribotritidae Oribotritia recta Niedbala, 2004 19 0 3 19 3 44</p><p>Phthiracaridae Phthiracaridae sp. 1 0 0 0 2 0 2</p><p>Rhynchoribatidae Rhynchoribates sp. 1 0 0 1 0 0 1</p><p>Scheloribatidae Scheloribates sp. 1 5 43 5 41 35 129 Scheloribatidae sp. 1 7 0 3 0 0 10</p><p>Tegoribatidae Tegoribatidae sp. 1 51 13 3 10 8 85 Tegoribatidae sp. 2 10 14 19 0 0 43</p><p>Zetorchestidae Zetorchestidae sp. 1 7 0 0 0 3 10</p><p>Oribatida sp. 1 0 0 0 2 0 2 Oribatida sp. 2 0 0 2 0 0 2 Oribatida sp. 3 1 0 0 0 0 1 Oribatida sp. 4 0 2 0 2 1 5 Oribatida sp. 5 0 0 2 0 0 2 Oribatida sp. 6 0 1 0 0 0 1 Oribatida sp. 7 6 5 0 24 0 35 Oribatida sp. 8 1 0 0 0 0 1 Oribatida sp. 9 0 0 0 2 2 4 Oribatida sp. 10 0 0 0 3 3 6</p><p>SCHIZOMIDA Hubbardiidae Stenochrus portoricensis Chamberlin, 1922 1 0 2 0 0 3 Surazomus sp. 1 0 1 0 0 0 1</p><p>Vegetation types Taxon SF RF BF P SC Tota l SCORPIONES Buthidae Tityus sp. 1 2 0 0 0 0 2 TOTAL 219 114 109 151 81 6765 3 7 6 1 8</p>