<p> Chapter 16 Practice Questions:</p><p>1. Who observed variations in the characteristics of plants and animals on the islands of the Galapagos?</p><p>A. James Hutton C. Charles Darwin</p><p>B. Charles Lyell D. Thomas Malthus</p><p>2. In a muddy pond, light-colored fish are more likely to be eaten than dark-colored fish. What is dark coloring an example of?</p><p>A. artificial selection C. adaptation</p><p>B. fossil evidence D. none of the above</p><p>3. Darwin realized that members of populations compete for food, living space, and other necessities. This is known as</p><p>A. struggle for existence. C. survival of the fittest.</p><p>B. variation and adaptations. D. natural selection.</p><p>4. Both bats and mosquitoes have wings. This is an example of a(n)</p><p>A. analogous structure. C. vestigial structure.</p><p>B. homologous structure. D. none of the above.</p><p>5. Darwin’s theory of evolution is supported by</p><p>A. DNA evidence. C. embryology.</p><p>B. fossil evidence. D. all of the above.</p><p>6. What would be a favorable trait for a rabbit trying to avoid predators in a snowy climate?</p><p>A. white fur B. brown fur C. long ears D. short ears 7. Which is NOT part of Darwin’s theory of evolution?</p><p>A. acquired characteristics C. natural selection</p><p>B. common descent D. variations and adaptations</p><p>8. Who had a theory that included the answer from question #7?</p><p>A. Thomas Malthus C. Jean-Baptiste Lamarck</p><p>B. Charles Lyell D. James Hutton</p><p>9. Biogeography is the study of where</p><p>A. organisms live now. C. organisms’ ancestors lived.</p><p>B. organisms lived in the past. D. all of the above</p><p>10. Why was Darwin’s trip aboard the Beagle so important to the development of the theory of natural selection?</p><p>11. Name 2 geologists during Darwin’s time: ______</p><p>What did they do for Darwin?</p><p>12. Why do we consider Lamarck’s theory to be a significant contribution in science, even though his explanation was incorrect?</p><p>13. Distinguish between fitness and adaptation. How are the two concepts related? 14. What conditions are necessary for natural selection to occur?</p><p>15.How does natural selection affect evolution?</p><p>16. Provide 4 – 5 pieces of evidence for evolution:</p><p>17. How does DNA help provide evidence for common descent? (Think of amino acid lab)</p><p>18. Vocabulary terms to be familiar with:</p><p>- Evolution</p><p>- Fossil</p><p>- Artificial selection</p><p>- Adaptation</p><p>- Fitness</p><p>- Natural selection</p><p>- Biogeography</p><p>- Homologous versus analogous structures</p><p>- Vestigial structures</p><p>- Common descent - Descent with modification</p>