<p> ONLINE KARYOTYPING ACTIVITY</p><p>Use a separate sheet of paper for each site.</p><p>Site 1: Genetic Science Learning Center (http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/ )</p><p>Go to "heredity and traits" --> "How Do Scientists Read Chromosomes" (Find the answers to the following questions in this area. Browse all sections)</p><p>1. What are the three key features used to read chromosomes?</p><p>2. Sketch or describe: metacentric, submetacentric, acrocentric</p><p>3. Got to Make a Karyotype - Try it yourself - Create your own karyotype - turning on hints is okay. </p><p>What did you find difficult about matching the chromosomes? </p><p>4. Go to - Using Karyotypes to Predict Genetic Disorders</p><p>What is trisomy? What is monosomy? What is a terminal deletion? </p><p>5. For each of the Disorders, describe the chromosome abnormality and the symptoms.</p><p>Cri Du Chat - </p><p>Turner Syndrome - </p><p>Klinefelter Syndrome - </p><p>Williams Syndrome - </p><p>Site 2: www.biology.arizona.edu</p><p>1. Click on human biology</p><p>2. Scroll down and click on “web karyotyping”</p><p>3. Read the information provided. Answer the questions in complete sentences on a separate sheet of paper. Label this section Pre-lab questions. a. What will you be doing in this experiment?</p><p> b. How many times a year are karyotypes performed in the US and Canada?</p><p> c. What does a karyotype analysis involve?</p><p> d. What stage of a cell’s life is most suitable for looking at chromosomes? Why?</p><p> e. Where do the dark bands on chromosomes come from?</p><p> f. What 3 things are compared in a karyotype analysis?</p><p> g. What does karyotyping allow us to do?</p><p>4. Click on Patient histories. Read Patient A’s history and complete the chart on the following page.</p><p>5. Click on Patient A. Complete the karyotype by following the directions, and complete the necessary information. </p><p>6. When done, repeat for patient B and patient C. Print out data table and attach to answer sheet.</p><p>7. When you have completed all 3 patients, answer the following: Label this section analysis questions.</p><p> a. What are the 4 possible diagnoses and the chromosomal abnormalities for each.</p><p> b. What is the difference between monosomy and trisomy?</p><p> c. Describe how these abnormalities come about?</p><p> d. Name a procedure that can be used to diagnose chromosomal abnormalities in an unborn fetus. (before a karyotype can be done)</p><p>8. Label the next section results/conclusion. Discuss the diagnosis for each patient and explain why that diagnosis was made. Data Table 1: Patient Karyotype Information</p><p>PATIENT HISTORY KARYOTYPE DIAGNOSIS NOTATION AND REASON</p><p>PATIENT A</p><p>PATIENT B</p><p>PATIENT C Site 3: Diagnose a karyotype: http://www.biologycorner.com/karyotype/</p><p>1. Match the homologous chromosomes to complete the normal karyotype on the first screen. Print this out. 2. Go to the next screen to diagnose a patient from their karyotype. Cases are assigned based on the first initial of your first name.</p><p>A-F = case 1 G-K = case 2 L-P = case 3 Q-U = case 4 V-Z = case 5</p><p>3. When your karyotype is complete type in your name and diagnosis and print. 4. Attach both the normal karyotype and the diagnosis karyotype to your work from the other sites.</p><p>NOTE: If you can’t print it out, take a picture of it on your phone, send it to yourself and print it out.</p>