International Journal of Pharmaceutics & Drug Research ISSN: 2347-6346 Available online at http://ijpdr.com Original Research Article CNS ACTIVITY OF HYDROALCOHALIC EXTRACT OF BOMBAX CEIBA FLOWER Brijesh Sirohi*, Hritik Arya, Jitendra Jaiswal, Yugantar Sen, Rajkumar Sen, Mayank Diwan. Radharaman Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fatehpur Dobra, Ratibad, Bhopal. ABSTRACT Bombax ceiba Linn. (Malvaceae), commonly known as the cotton tree or *Correspondence Info: red silk cotton tree, is a spectacular flowering tree with a height of up to 40 Brijesh Sirohi meters that is found in tropical and sub-tropical Asia as well as northern Department of Australia. It has been chosen as the “city flower” of the cities of Kaohsiung Pharmacology, Radharaman and Guangzhou for its large, showy flowers with thick, waxy, red petals that Institute of Pharmaceutical densely clothe leafless branch tips in late winter and early spring. B. ceiba Sciences, Fatehpur Dobra, is a source of food, fodder, fiber, fuel, medicine, and many other valuable Ratibad, Bhopal (M.P.) goods for natives of many Asian countries. For example, its fruits are good sources of silk-cotton for making mattresses, cushions, pillows. Bombax Email: ceiba is a famous plant used extensively in traditional medicine for various [email protected] diseases. However, data pertaining to its effects at CNS level is limited. To analyze the potential study of Hydroalcohalic extract Bombax ceiba flower was screened for locomotor, Rota-rod, Anticonvulsant, anti-anxiety activity of Hydroalcohalic extract (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg p.o.) was determined. The present study deals with various pharmacognostical examinations like organoleptic or macroscopical characters, microscopical or anatomical *Article History: studies. Further studies are required to analyze the implicated phyto- chemicals and the mechanism at cellular level. Received: 19/04/2021 Revised: 26/04/2021 Key words: Bombax ceiba, locomotor, Rota-rod, Anticonvulsant, anti- Accepted: 19/04/2021 anxiety activity. INTRODUCTION: presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, Bombax ceiba is a tree from the Malvaceae coumarins, proteins and amino acids. Bombax family which grows in Indonesia, Malaysia, ceiba has numerous documented effects, some China, Hong Kong and Taiwan. The tree has of which are anti-inflammatory, aphrodisiac, red blossoms with five petals. Tibetans refer to antimicrobial, hepatoprotective, anti-diabetic, it as “salmari”, while in Europe and America, anti-aging and hypotensive. Evaluation at the it is ordinarily referred as the cotton tree. It is CNS level, however, is limited. (Maton et al., utilized as a tea in parts of China. (Gupta R., 1993). 2013; Goyal, 2012). This tree is rich in various phytochemicals. Extracts have confirmed the International Journal of Pharmaceutics & Drug Research; 2021; 9 (1), 16-26 Sirohi et. al / CNS Activity of Hydroalcohalic Extract of Bombax Ceiba Flower Medicinal plant is the most basic and tonic. They are used in the treatment of significant part of our medication system. Most cholera, tubercular fistula, coughs, urinary of the medicines are made up of the herbal complaints, nocturnal pollution, abdominal plant. It is also named as a medicinal plant. The pain due to dysentery, and impotency. The herbal plant was used in our traditional gum is astringent, demulcent and tonic. It is medicine system for long ago. Countries in used in the treatment of dysentery, Asia and Africa 80% user used traditional haemoptysis in pulmonary tuberculosis, medicinal system, which includes herbal or influenza and menorrhagia. The leaves are medicinal plant. (Vickers, 1999). hypotensive and hypoglycaemic (Chakraborty et al., 2010). There are many uses and less or negligible side The ethnomedicinal activity of bombax ceiba effects of traditional (medicinal plant) over any L. Plant part Traditional medicinal uses, Thorn other system, for their healthy lifestyle. Many Used in the different formulation to treat Acne, plants have medicinal properties. Bombax Androecium Used for Food purpose, Petals for ceiba L. is also known as Salmalia Skin and Cosmetics, Leaf for treatment of malabarium. generally, it is called as Bombax Diarrhoea, Larvicidal Activity, Root for the ceiba. It is having no. of common names. In treatment of Piles, Bark Used for Wound Hindi, it is called as Semar, Semul, Semal, and Flower: The flowers show bitter action and also shows acrid cooling, dry, astringent to the in English, it is called as Red silk cotton tree, bowels, anti-inflammatory action. (Shukla et Bombax ceiba and in Marathi, it is commonly al., 2020). It removes bile and phlegm of the called as Kate savar, Semul. Bombax ceiba L. body and purifies the blood; it is beneficial to belongs to the family Bombacaceae Indian silk the spleen and shows a good response in cotton (Gadge et al., 2012; Gandhare et al., leucorrhoea. It is also used topically to skin 2010). It is naturally obtained in Pakistan, affections as cooling and astringent. It is having phenolic compounds, Seeds show good India, and Myanmar. But it is native or belongs action in chickenpox, smallpox, catarrhal to the western Africa. Bombax ceiba L. is a big affections, chronic cystitis, and genitourinary and tall tree with a height of approximately 30 diseases. Bark Stem bark is used in the healing m and having a diameter of 58 to 78 cm. It of wounds and as a paste in water to skin grows in a straight direction with having a eruptions, boils, acne, pimples. The stem bark cylindrical stem and wide base. is also used as a demulcent, styptic, and used to removes phlegmatic. Aqueous extract with The tree contains a very beautiful and large curd shows great action in treatment given for flower, which is pollinated mainly by birds dysentery with blood. Leaves: It is used in the because the flower contains nectar, which is treatment of diarrhea and used in treatment for inflammation, larvicidal activity. Root bark is used by birds. Moreover, studies on the cotton used for the treatment of piles. The root shows tree have shown that it produces many novel diuretic and astringent property. It is useful in secondary metabolites and have explored its biliousness, inflammations, and excessive heat traditional medicinal usage by various tribal of the body. Gum: The gum is an acrid, communities. The flowers are astringent and astringent, demulcent, tonic, aphrodisiac, and refrigerant. They are used to treat cutaneous removes black bile. In powder form alone or troubles. The young roots are diuretic and with other herbs, it is used internally to treat International Journal of Pharmaceutics & Drug Research; 2021; 9 (1), 16-26 Sirohi et. al / CNS Activity of Hydroalcohalic Extract of Bombax Ceiba Flower hemoptysis, diarrhea, dysentery, bleeding Determination of percentage yield of the piles, menorrhagia, leucorrhoea, extract:- The crude extract after the spermatorrhoea, and blood disorders. soxhalation extraction process, extract was Topically it is applied as a styptic, astringent further on vaccum evaporater dried extract of and demulcent in stomatitis, dermatological flower of Bombax ceiba was done by using ailment, and burn wound. (Chaudhary and Khadabadi, 2012). solvent Hydroalcohalic ( ethanol:water, 70:30 v/v). The percentage yield of extract were calculated 25 gm (18.51%). MATERIAL AND METHODS Quantitative phytochemical analysis Selection of plant:- The plant selection on their availability and folk usage of the plant. Estimation of Total polyphenol content The plant was chosen. (TPC) Collection of Plant Material: The Plant The total polyphenol content of the extract was material of bombax ceiba was collected from estimated using the Folin Ciocalteau reagent Sehore Bhopal (M.P.), during the month of based assay. 5-50 µg/ml methanolic gallic acid April 2021. solutions were used as standards and methanol was used as a blank. The absorbance of the Authentication of plant: - The plant was developed colour was recorded at 765 nm identified And authenticated by Dr. Zia ul using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. All Hasan H.O.D. Department of Botany, Saifia determinations, for gallic acid as well as the Sciences College Bhopal (M.P.) and stored in plant extract, were carried out in triplicate. the herbarium of the Institute and a specimen Data are represented as an average of the three voucher no.312/Bot./Saf. /21 was assigned. determinations. Using these readings, a calibrated gallic acid standard curve was made. Defatting of plant material: - The shade- Based on the measured absorbance of the plant dried plant materials are coarsely powdered extract, the concentration of phenolics was and fats and oil removed by soxhlation process estimated (µg/ml) from the calibration line. with petroleum ether. The extraction The content of polyphenols in the extract was proceeded until the substance was defatted. calculated and expressed in terms of gallic acid Extraction by soxhlation process- equivalent (mg of GAE/g of dry weight material) (Bhalodia et al., 2011; Patel et al., Accurately weight 135 gram of dried powdered 2012). flower of Bombax ceiba were extracted with Hydroalcohalic solvent using a 48- hour Estimation of Total flavonoids content soxhlation procedure, filtered and dried with (TFC) vaccum evaporator at 400C, and prepared Total flavonoid content was based on extract was also subjected to colour, odour and aluminium chloride method. The 10 mg consistency. quercetin was dissolved in 10 ml methanol and various aliquots of 5,10,15,20 and 25 µg/ml International Journal