<p> What is Biology?</p><p>1. ______is the study of life. Main Ideas in Biology 2. Living things ______on each other, the Do ______exist in ______. 3. They are part of the ______of nature. 4. All living things ______with other living things and the world. 5. Humans need plants and animals to supply us with ______, ______, and ______What are the characteristics of Life: (must have all of these to be alive) 6. Have an orderly structure: ______7. Produce offspring: ______. 8. ______consists of a group of organisms that can made with each other and produce offspring that are capable of reproducing. 9. Grow (from new material) and ______10. Adjust to changes in the environment: ______causes the organism to reach. The reaction is a ______. 11. Anything that posses ALL the characteristics of life is known as an ______. Balance in nature Regulation of an organism’s internal environment to maintaining conditions suitable for its survival is called ______. Examples: ______Methods of Biology 12. Common Steps Used By Scientists to Gather information and Answer Questions are ______. 13. A/an ______is an explanation for a question or problem that can be tested. 14. An ______is a test of a hypothesis by collecting information under controlled conditions. Two groups of experiments</p><p>15. The ______variable is the one condition in an experiment that is tested. 16. The ______variable is the condition that changes because of a change in the independent variable. Controlled Experiment with Blue Grass You want to learn how salt water affects the growth of Blue Grass (Kentucky) Group 1: Several varieties of blue grass plants would be watered with plain water (no salt). Group 2: Would consist of several varieties of blue grass plants (same as first group) watered with several different strengths of salt water. 1) Which group is the control group? ______3) Which condition is being tested? ______2) Which group is the experimental group?______4) All other conditions would be held ____ Not all Investigations are “controlled” You are on a Pacific island that is the only nesting area for the waved albatross. The male and female take turns sitting on the eggs. The birds fly in circles around the island. Test: Attach satellite transmitter to some of the birds. 17. Information obtained from experiments is called ______. 18. ______the results to decide if the data supports the hypothesis. 19. ______the experiments to gather more data. 20. A hypothesis that is supported by many different investigations and observations becomes a ______. 21. In science, a hypothesis that is supported by many separate observations and experiments over a long period of time becomes a ______. 22. A ______is an explanation that is supported by a large body of evidence obtained from many investigations and observations. 23. Certain FACTS of nature called ______or ______that are generally known to be true. Example: ______. Steps of the Scientific Method (Scientific Problem Solving) A.______ B. ______ C. ______ D.______ E. ______ F. ______</p><p>1 - Patty Power Mr. Krabbs wants to make Bikini Bottom a nicer place to live. He has created a new sauce that he thinks will reduce the production of body gas associated with eating crabby patties from Kruisty Krab. He recruits 100 customers with a history of gas problems. He has 50 of them (Group “A”) eat crabby patties with the new sauce. The other 50 (Group B) eat crabby patties with sauce that looks just like new sauce but is really just a mixture of mayonnaise and food coloring. Both groups were told that they were getting the sauce that would reduce gas production. Two hours after eating the crabby patties, 30 customers in group A reported having fewer gas problems and 8 customers in group “B” reported having fewer gas problems. 1) Which people are the control group? 4) What should Mr. Krabs’s conclusion be? 2) Which is the independent variable? 5) Why do you think 10 people in group “B” reported 3) Which is the dependent variable? Feeling better? 2 – Slimotosis Sponge Bob notices that his pal Gary is suffering from slimotosis, which occurs when the shell develops a nasty slime and gives off a horrible odor. His friend Patrick tells him that rubbing seaweed on the shell is the perfect cure, while Sandy says that drinking Dr. Kelp will be a better cure. Sponge Bob decides to test this cure by rubbing Gary with seaweed for 1 week and having him drink Dr. Kelp. After a week of treatment, the slime is gone and Gary’s shell smells better. 1) What was the initial observation______2) What was the independent variable? ______3) What is the ddependent variable ______4) What should Sponge Bob’s conclusion be? ______3 – Marshmallow Muscles Larry was told that a certain muscle cream was the newest best thing on the market and claims to double a person’s muscle power when used as part of a muscle-building workout. Interested in this product, he buys the special muscle cream and recruits Patrick and SpongeBob to help him with an experiment. Larry develops a special marshmallow weight-lifting program for Patrick and SpongeBob. He meets with them once every day for a period of 2 weeks and keeps track of their results. Before each session Patrick’s arms and back are lathered in the muscle cream, while Sponge Bob’s arms and back are lathered with the regular lotion. Which person is in the control group? ______What is the independent variable? ______What is the dependent variable? ______What should Larry’s conclusion be? ______Microscope Care and Use 1. Always carry the microscope by holding the ______of the microscope with one hand and supporting the ______with the other hand. 2. Place the microscope on a ______surface. The arm should be positioned ______you. 3. Look through the ______. Adjust the ______so that light comes through the opening in the stage. 4. Place a slide on the ______so that the specimen is in the ______of ______. Hold it firmly in place by using the ______. 5. Always focus first with the ______adjustment and the ______-power objective. Once the object is in focus on low power, the ______-power objective can be used. Use ONLY the ______adjustment to focus the high- power lens. 6. Store the microscope ______</p><p>Compound Light Microscope</p><p>Electron Microscope:</p><p>Safety Symbols: Appendix “C”</p><p>Quiz 1. What is the difference between a hypothesis and an observation? 2. A scientist conducts an experiment to test the effect of light on plant growth. In each experiment, three plants of the same variety are each given 10 mL of water. One plant is exposed to full sunlight for 8 hours, one is </p><p> exposed to full sunlight for 4 hours, and one plant is kept in a dark room. Plant height is measured after two weeks. 3. What is the independent variable in this experiment? A. Soil volume B. Amount of sunlight C. Plant Height D. Amount of Water 4. Which of the following is the group in an experiment in which all conditions are kept the same? A. Standard B. Independent variable C. Experimental D. Control 5. Compare the terms “theory” and “principle”.</p><p>Measuring in International System Scientists always report measurements in a form of ______system called the International System of Measurement commonly known as SI. </p><p>Measurement Unit Symbol</p><p>Length</p><p>Mass</p><p>Time</p><p>Temperature</p><p>6. Which of the following is an SI unit? A. foot B. pound C. second D. yard 7. What results in an increase in the amount of living material in an organism? A. growth B. development C. stimuli D. energy 8. Which of the following enables an organism to maintain homeostasis? A. evolution B. environment C. energy D. experimentation 9. In a controlled experiment, the ______is the observed condition that results from the change of the ______. A. Independent variable, dependent variable B. Dependent variable, Independent variable C. Dependent variable, Control group D. Independent variable, Hypothesis</p>