Training and Technical Assistance Webinar Series Use of Administrative Records to Analyze Drug Abuse and Enforcement May 21, 2015 Justice Research and Statistics Association 720 7th Street, NW, Third Floor Washington, DC 20001 Training and Technical Assistance Webinar Series This webinar is being audio cast via the speakers on your computer and via teleconference. To access the audio stream via your computer speakers, select Communicate then audio stream. Once the audio broadcast window appears, press play (arrow button) to start the audio stream. Justice Research and Statistics Association 720 7th Street, NW, Third Floor Washington, DC 20001 Training and Technical Assistance Webinar Series If you do not have speakers or would prefer to use your phone, the call-in number can be found in the following places: - At the end of your registration email - On the “Event Info” tab on the top left side of your screen. Justice Research and Statistics Association 720 7th Street, NW, Third Floor Washington, DC 20001 Training and Technical Assistance Webinar Series All telephones have been muted. If you dialed *6 to unmuted your phone, please dial *6 to re-mute your phone If you would like to ask a question please use the chat feature. Please remember to select Host, Presenter & Panelists Justice Research and Statistics Association 720 7th Street, NW, Third Floor Washington, DC 20001 Administrative Data: Challenges and Techniques For Use to Assess Drug Crime PREPARED BY SAMUEL GONZALES OPERATIONS ANALYST WITH THE STATISTICAL ANALYSIS CENTER AT THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE COORDINATING COUNCIL Administrative Data: Challenges and Techniques Goals •To introduce participants to 3 administrative data sets used for the Georgia Statewide Drug Enforcement Strategy •Highlight challenges in our analysis and the technical solutions we use to overcome those challenges •Provide insight for the need for data surveillance •Spark a conversation on how to tackle administrative data Administrative Data: Challenges and Techniques Data Sets The Georgia Department of Corrections Administrative Data • We focused on Intake data collected by the Georgia Department of Corrections from 2009 to 2013. Drug Overdose Deaths Data • The drug overdose data was collected from the Medical Examiner’s Offices at the Georgia Bureau of Investigation and Cobb, DeKalb, Fulton and Gwinnett counties from 2010 to 2013. • The data does not include all individuals from County Coroner’s Offices. Only those deaths referred to the Medical Examiner’s Offices. • The data did not include toxicity levels, so if multiple drugs were identified, we cannot attribute death to one drug. Treatment Episode Data Set • The data is collected by the Georgia Department of Behavioral Health and Developmental Disabilities (DBHDD) for the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA). • The data is for only criminal justice initiated treatment episodes Georgia Department of Corrections Data •Had a variable that indicated Drug Possession or Drug Sales •Had another variable that better described the crime and included the drug •Problem was that we wanted to do a cross-tabulation of drug by crime type but the information was in the same variable. Georgia Department of Corrections Data •Solved by Cleaning the data in Excel •Filtered to see common phrases •Searched and removed unwanted words like “of” •Searched the common phrases and replaced them with an added comma •Then text to columns and we have separated the drug from primary offense Georgia Department of Corrections Data Drug by Primary Offense from 2009-2013 POSSESSION WITH INTENT SALE AND Drug Type MANUFACTURE POSSESSION TRAFFICING OTHER Totals TO DISTRIBUTION DISTRIBUTE COCAINE 0 3964 1615 2753 1004 0 9336 MARIJUANA 0 449 2909 1349 258 0 4965 METH - 666 1922 935 473 675 0 4671 AMPHETAMINE NARCOTICS 0 305 0 99 45 0 449 MDMA/ 0 68 0 23 70 0 161 EXTACY PARAPHENALIA 0 56 0 0 0 0 56 EPHEDRINE 0 36 0 0 0 0 36 AMPHETAMINE 0 0 0 0 14 0 14 LSD 0 4 0 1 0 0 5 COUTERFIT 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 DRUGS OTHER 0 0 362 0 0 0 362 UNKNOWN 81 380 0 562 75 1567 2665 Totals 747 7184 5821 5261 2141 1567 22721 Overdose Deaths Data • We wanted to get an idea of the drugs used most in combination Overdose Deaths Data Top 20 Drugs Found in Toxicology Reports from 2010-2013 1400 1168 1200 1000 962 800 752 673 623 600 513 388 400 312 307 274 259 200 193 190 186 168 200 155 155 148 145 0 Overdose Deaths Data •Needed to convert all drug names, which were “string” variables, to numeric variables •The catch was that you have to recode all drug variables the same and not use auto recode so you can do a multiple response set analysis in SPSS •Once we had each individual drug found in toxicology reports as separate variables with associated analysis values, we could run a frequency using the multiple response commands in SPSS •Separating each drug into its own variable also allowed us to determine which drugs were most frequently found in combination Overdose Deaths Data Overdose Deaths Data Syntax for Recoding a Drug RECODE DrugA ('1,1-Difluoroethane'=1) ('1,3-Dimethylamylamine'=2) ('25I-NBOMe'=3) ('3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine'=4) ('10-Monoacetyl Morphine'=5) ('7-Amino'=10) ('Acetaminophen'=7) ('Adderall'=8) ('Alpha-Hydroxyalprazolam'=9) ('Alprazolam'=10) ('Amitriptyline'=11) ('Amlodipine'=12) ('Amoxatine'=13) ('Amphetamine'=14) ('Anaphylaxis'=15) ('Aripiprazole'=16) ('Aspirin'=17) ('Atomoxetine'=18) ('Baclofen'=19) ('Barbiturate'=20) ('Benzodiazepine'=21) ('Benzonatate'=22) ('Benzoylecgonine'=23) ('Benztropine'=24) ('Brompheniramine'=25) ('Bupivacaine'=26) ('Buprenorphine'=27) ('Bupropion'=28) ('Buspirone'=29) ('Butalbital'=30) ('Butalnotal'=31) ('Caffeine'=32) ('Carbamazepine'=33) ('Carboxyhemoglobin'=34) ('Carisoprodol'=35) ('Chloral Hydrate'=36) ('Chlorazepine'=37) ('Chlordiazepoxide'=38) ('Chlorethan'=39) ('Chloroquine'=40) ('Chlorpheniramine'=41) ('Chlorpromazine'=42) ('Citalopram'=43) ('Clomipramine'=44) ('Clonazepam'=45) ('Clonidine'=46) ('Clozapine'=47) ('Cocaethylene'=48) ('Cocaine'=49) ('Codeine'=50) ('Cotinine'=51) ('Cyclobenzaprine'=52) ('Desipramine'=53) ('Desmethldoxepin'=54) ('Destromethorphan'=55) ('Desvenlafaxine'=56) ('Detromethophan'=57) ('Dextromethorphan'=58) ('Diazepam'=59) ('Difluoroethane'=60) ('Diltiazem'=61) ('Diphenhydramine'=62) ('Donepezil'=63) ('Doxepin'=64) ('Doxylamine'=65) ('Duloxetine'=66) ('Ecstasy'=67) ('EDDP'=68) ('Ephedrine'=69) ('Estazolam'=70) ('Ethylene Glycol'=71) ('Fentanyl'=72) ('Flecainide'=73) ('Fluoxetine'=74) ('Fluphenazine'=75) ('Fluvoxamine'=76) ('Gabapentin'=77) ('GHB'=78) ('Guetiapine'=79) ('Haloperidol'=80) ('Helium'=81) ('Heroin'=82) ('Hydrocodone'=83) ('Hydromorphone'=84) ('Hydroxychloroquine'=85) ('Hydroxyzine'=86) ('Imipramine'=87) ('Insulin'=88) ('Isobutyl Nitrite'=89) ('Isopropanol'=90) ('Ketamine'=91) ('Kratom'=92) ('Lamotrigine'=93) ('Levetiracetam'=94) ('Lidocaine'=95) ('Lidoderm'=96) ('Lithium'=97) ('Lorazepam'=98) ('Loxapine'=99) ('Meclizine'=100) ('Meperidine'=101) ('Meprobamate'=102) ('Mesoridazine'=103) ('Metabolite'=104) ('Metaclopramide'=105) ('Metaxalone'=106) ('Metclopramide'=107) ('Methadone'=108) ('Methamphetamine'=109) ('Methocarbamol'=110) ('Methodone'=111) ('Methorphan'=112) ('Methotrimeprazine'=113) ('Methylone'=114) ('Metoclopramide'=115) ('Metoprolol'=116) ('Midazolam'=117) ('Mirtazapine'=118) ('Morphine'=119) ('Multiple Drug'=120) ('Naloxone'=121) ('Nicotine'=122) ('Nifedipine'=123) ('Nonvenlafaxine'=124) ('Norbuprenorphine'=125) ('Nordiazepam'=126) ('Nordiazpam'=127)('Norfentanyl'=128) ('Norketamine'=129) ('Normeperidine'=130) ('Norpropoxyphene'=131) ('Nortriptyline'=132) ('Norvenlafaxine'=133) ('Olanzapine'=134) ('Opiate'=135) ('Opiates'=135) ('Orphenadrine'=137) ('Oxazepam'=138) ('Oxycodone'=139) ('Oxymorphone'=140) ('Paroxetine'=141) ('Perphenazine'=142) ('Phenazepam'=143) ('Phenobarbital'=144) ('Phentermine'=145) ('Phentobarbital'=146) ('Phenytoin'=147) ('Piroxicam'=148) ('Promethazine'=149) ('Propofol'=150) ('Propoxyphene'=151) ('Propranolol'=152) ('Pseudoephedrine'=153) ('Quetiapine'=154) ('Ranitidine'=155) ('Risperidone'=156) ('Rocuronium Bromide'=157) ('Salicylate'=158) ('Scopolamine'=159) ('Sertraline'=160) ('Synthetic Cannabinoid'=161) ('Synthetic Cannabinoids'=162) ('Tapentado'=163) ('Tapentadol'=164) ('Temazepam'=165) ('THC Metabolite'=166) ('Theobromine'=167) ('Thiordazine'=168) ('Topiramate'=169) ('Tramadol'=170) ('Trazodone'=171) ('Triazolam'=172) ('Trihexyphenidyl'=173) ('Unknown'=174) ('Valproic acid'=175) ('Venlafaxine'=176) ('Verapamil'=177) ('Vicodin'=178) ('Warfarin'=179) ('Zaleplon'=180) ('Ziprasidone'=181) ('Zolpidem'=182) ('Zopiclone'=183) INTO DrugA_Recode. VARIABLE LABELS DrugA_Recode 'DrugA_Recode'. EXECUTE. Overdose Deaths Data Syntax for Labeling a Variable VALUE LABELS DrugA_Recode 1'1,1-Difluoroethane' 2'1,3-Dimethylamylamine' 3'25I-NBOMe' 4'3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine' 5'10-Monoacetyl Morphine' 6'7-Amino' 7'Acetaminophen' 8'Adderall' 9'Alpha-Hydroxyalprazolam' 10'Alprazolam' 11'Amitriptyline' 12'Amlodipine' 13'Amoxatine' 14'Amphetamine' 15'Anaphylaxis' 16'Aripiprazole' 17'Aspirin' 18'Atomoxetine' 19'Baclofen' 20'Barbiturate' 21'Benzodiazepine' 22'Benzonatate' 23'Benzoylecgonine' 24'Benztropine' 25'Brompheniramine' 26'Bupivacaine' 27'Buprenorphine' 28'Bupropion' 29'Buspirone' 30'Butalbital' 31'Butalnotal' 32'Caffeine' 33'Carbamazepine' 34'Carboxyhemoglobin' 35'Carisoprodol' 36'Chloral Hydrate' 37'Chlorazepine' 38'Chlordiazepoxide' 39'Chlorethan' 40'Chloroquine' 41'Chlorpheniramine' 42'Chlorpromazine' 43'Citalopram' 44'Clomipramine' 45'Clonazepam' 46'Clonidine'