<p> Chapter 24: The Moving Ocean</p><p>24.1: Surface Currents</p><p>A. ______Current 1. ______or deep motion of large ______. 2. Any continuous ______of water along a ______in the ocean. 3. May flow at the ______or ______. B. ______Current 1. Ocean ______that flows in the upper ______of the ocean. 2. Primarily ______by the ______. 3. ______each current circulates depends on the ______. a. ______Hemisphere=______b. ______Hemisphere=______4. Currents flowing ______the equator carry ______water. 5. Currents flowing ______the equator carry ______water.</p><p>C. Currents and Winds 1. Winds blow in constant ______at different ______. a. ______move ______currents b. ______move ______currents. 2. ______, which reverse direction seasonally, cause surface currents to ______direction ______as well.</p><p>D. Warm Currents 1. Flow ______equator on ______side of ocean basins. 2. Gulf Stream is most extensively studied a. Begins in the ______Sea. b. Follows ______coast of US ______. c. ______veers northeastward across ______Ocean (North Atlantic Drift) d. Carries ______water to Iceland and British Isles (creates ______climate)</p><p>E. Cold Currents 1. Flow ______the equator on ______side of ocean basins. 2. ______carries ______from Baffin Bay. 3. When ______meets ______, water vapor condenses, creating thickest ______on Earth.</p><p>F. Gulf Stream Rings 1. ______or whirlpools that break away from the edge of the ______Current. 2. ______rings form each year. 3. Some rings last as long as ______. 4. ______ring a. Forms on the ______side of the Gulf Stream. b. Has a core of ______water. 5. ______ring a. Forms on the ______side of the Gulf Stream. b. Has a core of ______water. Earth and Space Science Chapter 24 Notes Page 1 of 4 G. Countercurrents 1. Flow in the ______direction of ______currents. 2. Can flow at or ______the ______. 3. ______countercurrents a. Best developed in the ______Ocean. b. ______Current (subsurface) flows eastward, 30 meters ______ocean surface, beneath ______Current. 4. Occur also in ______and ______Oceans.</p><p>24.2 Currents Under the Surface</p><p>A. Driven by ______and differences in ______B. ______current 1. ______and ______than surrounding water 2. ______from the surface toward ______of the ocean 3. ______in deep ocean for ______before resurfacing</p><p>C. Density Currents 1. Found in ______oceans 2. ______with global surface currents to form a ______path of circulation 3. Efficient ______system a. Transport ______water to ______areas b. Transport ______water to ______areas 4. Modeled as ______5. ______currents move more ______than ______currents 6. Retain ______, temperature, and ______7. Only source of ______for deep-sea life 8. Currents can be ______as well as ______9. ______currents example: ______currents</p><p>D. Density Currents from Polar Water 1. ______water comes from the ______a. ______causes seawater to ______(water takes up less space) and density ______b. ______seawater leaves ______behind and remaining seawater is ______. 2. Antarctic Bottom Water a. Coldest, ______water in the ______b. Produced in large amounts in the seas off the coast of ______c. Average ______of –0.4 degrees C d. Average ______of 34.6 psu e. Water sinks to the ______, spreads across ______(northward) to 40 degrees north ______(northern coast of ______). 3. North Atlantic Deep Water a. Forms near ______b. Temperatures as low as ______C c. Salinity of approximately ______d. ______dense than ______Water (so flows ______it) Earth and Space Science Chapter 24 Notes Page 2 of 4 e. Spreads through ______to 60 degrees south ______(South America’s ______) f. Some water returns to ______here g. Also flows ______to form deep water in the ______and ______oceans. 4. Antarctic Intermediate Water a. Forms around ______south latitude b. ______of 2.2 degrees C c. Salinity of ______d. ______dense ______current e. Spreads ______at depths of ______to 30 degrees north latitude (______, Florida)</p><p>E. Density Currents Caused by Evaporation 1. ______(just like freezing) ______salinity and density of ______seawater. 2. Example: ______a. Hot, ______climate ______seawater b. Results in ______salinity and ______waters c. ______, dense Mediterranean water flows over ______of the Strait of Gibraltar, into the ______Ocean d. ______dense ______water flows into the Mediterranean ______the ______water. e. ______Mediterranean water ______in the ______to a depth of ______. f. Waters can reach ______and ______</p><p>F. Upwelling 1. ______ocean current 2. Occurs when ______, deep water comes to the ______3. Most common on the ______sides of ______a. ______winds blow along ______toward ______b. Winds push ______waters away from the ______c. Cold water ______to replace ______waters d. Locations of ______include coasts of ______, Morocco, southwestern ______, Peru, and western ______4. Winds and ______currents cause upwelling in ______Ocean 5. Upwelled water contains large amounts of ______needed by ______. a. Phytoplankton ______in areas of ______. b. Major ______areas are also located around ______water</p><p>24.3: Tides</p><p>A. ______are the periodic rise and fall of the ocean ______due to the gravitational pulls of the ______and ______</p><p>B. The Moon and Tides 1. ______tide=when the tide reaches its ______point on the shore. 2. ______tide=when the tide reaches its ______point on the shore. Earth and Space Science Chapter 24 Notes Page 3 of 4 3. Movement influenced by ______pulls of moon and sun a. ______or ______moon=______tides than normal b. ______moon=______tides than normal 4. ______explained that ______was the cause of ______. a. Gravity is ______when objects are ______b. The moon ______the water on the side of the Earth ______it i. This causes a ______in the ______on the side of the Earth ______the moon ii. This ______is the ______tide c. ______high tide occurs on the side of the Earth ______the moon i. Caused by ______being pulled ______from the water by the ______d. ______on opposite sides of the Earth ______water ______from the areas ______them=______tides e. ______move around the Earth over the ______(29 days)</p><p>C. The Sun’s Effect on Tides 1. ______kind of effect as the ______2. Sun’s ______effect is only ______that of the ______(it’s farther away) 3. Sun ______or ______moon’s effects on ______a. Sun ______tidal effects: i. When the sun is ______with the ______and ______ii. During ______and ______iii. ______tides are ______and ______tides are ______iv. Occur ______a month v. Called ______tides b. Sun ______tidal effects: i. During ______of the moon ii. ______tides are not very ______iii. ______tides are not very ______iv. Occur ______a month v. Called ______tides 4. Moons ______to ______also affects tides a. ______(closest point to Earth) tidal effect is ______b. ______(farthest point from Earth) tidal effect is ______</p><p>D. Tidal Range 1. ______between high tide and low tide 2. Vary from ______of water to the ______3. More ______on oceans than on ______a. Small ______have no tide at all b. ______has a tidal range of a few ______4. ______in the ______averages less than one ______5. Most ______on ocean ______a. Gulf of Mexico tidal range is ______b. Bay of Fundy tidal range is ______6. ______of the ______determines tidal range a. ______, V-shaped shoreline=______range b. ______shorelines=______range</p><p>Earth and Space Science Chapter 24 Notes Page 4 of 4</p>