<p>IMPLICATION AND IMPORTANCE OF GIS IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION: PUBLIC SAFETY AND PUBLIC HEALTH</p><p>Yong Choi</p><p>MAIN ARGUMENT OF PAPER Geograhical information and knowledge is a critical asset in public administration. Strategic implementation of GIS is important in order to leverage information and knowledge to produce effective outcomes. GIS is not a merely technological issue but is a socio-economic issue. This is because, the creation of GIS map, and, importantly, the sharing of it are social phenomena that occur within a context of human assumptions, expectations, interactions, and politics. The purpose of this study is to develop a better understanding of GIS and its implications. GIS within public administration is an important though socio-economic and technical matter. This paper presents the reasons for this importance and discusses the various ways in which accountability and implication issues complicate effective GIS practices. Geo spatial information is a critical component in determining the effectiveness of public organizations in the future but at the same time, effective GIS would not occur until key accountability and implication problems are addressed.</p><p>PAPER ORGANIZATION</p><p>Abstract 1. Introduction 1. Overview of GIS 1.1 Brief History of GIS 2. The Inportance of GIS in Public Administration 3. Inplication of GIS in Public Administration 3.1 Implication in Public Safety 3.2 Implication in Public Health 4. Discussion 5. Conclusion</p><p>POSSIBLE REFERENCES</p><p> Blinn, Charles R. and Lloyd P. Queen. The basics of Geographic Information Services. University of Minnesota. 1993.</p><p> Craglia, Haining, and Signoretta., “Modelling High-intensity Crime Areas in English Cities”, Urban Studies, Vol. 38(11), pp. 1921-1941, 2001.  Craglia, Haining, and Wiles., “A Comparative Evaluation of Approaches to Urban Crime Pattern Analysis”, Urban Studies, Vol. 37(4), pp. 711-729, 2000.</p><p> Geoplace.com, 2006: “Roger Tomlinson – The Father of GIS”, http://www.geoplace.com/gw/1996/0496/0496feat2.asp</p><p> GISTimeLine Team, 2006: “GIS Timeline” Center for Advanced Spatial Analysis – CASA http://www.casa.ucl.ac.uk/gistimeline.</p><p> Harries, Keith, “Applications of Geographic Analysis In Parole And Probation”, National Criminal Justice Reference Service, August 2001.</p><p> Lowe, Jonathan W. “Tools Rush In” Geospatial Solutions, July 2005, pp. 46-50, 2005.</p><p> Melnick, Alan., Introduction to Geographic Information Systems in Public Health, Aspen Publishers, 2002.</p><p> Pickles, John., Ground Truth: the Social Implications of Geographic Information Systems. New York: The Guilford Press, 1995.</p><p> Randall, Churchill, and Baetz “Geographic information system (GIS) based decision support for neighborhood traffic calming” Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering; Feb2005, Vol. 32(1), pp. 86-98, 2005.</p><p> Rensema, Erickson, and Herda., “GIS – The Bridge Into the Twenty-First Century”, Engineer, pp. 34-36, 2000.</p><p> Riner, Cunningham, and Johnson., “Public Health Education and Practice Using Geographic Information System Technology”, Public Health Nursing, Vol. 21(1), pp 57- 65, 2004.</p><p> US House of Representatives, 2006; http://katrina.house.gov/</p><p> USGS Science for a Changing World Geographic Information Systems, 2007: http://erg.usgs.gov/isb/pubs/gis_poster/#how </p><p> West, Nancy “Ensuring that Pennsylvania is Well Prepared” Penn Veterinary Medicine Bellweather, No. 6, p. 6-, 2005.</p>