<p>University of Innsbruck Winter term 2007/2008 VO English Grammar: An Introduction PD Dr. I. Mindt Questions: Summary</p><p>1. There are two classes of words or parts of speech. Name them and list their members!</p><p>2. Determine whether the nouns air and tree as exemplified in the examples below are proper or common and countable or noncountable! a) The air was damp, unwelcoming. b) He needs some air.’</p><p> c) There was bright pink blossom on a tree. d) The tree was gleaming green with new foliage. e) The trees were leafless, and seemed to hold fog in their branches.</p><p>3. Name the four criteria that characterise adjectives in formal terms! </p><p>4. Name the five verb forms of lexical verbs and exemplify them by using the verbs have, walk, run, and hit!</p><p>5. Determine the status of all verbs in the following sentences! Distinguish between primary auxiliaries, operator do, modal verbs, catenative verbs, and main verbs! a) Any poison will have been destroyed. b) He wanted to see Garibaldi's house. c) I had to stay at home, but Will told me all about it when he came back. d) The tape they have released really does work.</p><p>6. Determine whether the verb forms and verb phrases are finite or non-finite! a) Looking inside, he was aware of a misty atmosphere and a figure sitting in a chair at a desk. b) McCulloch had watched the comedy with his most provocative look. c) Relieved of the weight, she eased the tight muscles in her shoulders by stretching luxuriously.</p><p>1 7. Identify all phrases in the following examples and describe their internal structure! a) Courtney Campbell then used an ashtray to hit the badly injured Mundy over the head a number of times. b) The feeling of hopelessness she'd experienced earlier that afternoon swept over her again.</p><p>8. Determine which clause type is present in the following examples and name the relevant verb class! a) James Baker told Congress the same thing. b) Modern means of communication now make the manipulation of public opinion possible. c) She could read it easily. d) My name is Jones.</p><p>9. Please give a full syntactic analysis (parts of speech, phrases, clause elements) of the following sentence! a) Apart from being simpler, this approach offers banks big savings in two ways. b) They must tell us why the alarm bells did not ring sooner, and who in the City is responsible. c) The reason why I invited you is because I thought you wanted to be here..</p><p>2</p>