<p>Name ______Date ______Period ______Chapter 15 & 16 Test Review Sheet KEY</p><p>VOCABULARY: Use your Chapter 15 vocabulary sheet and textbook to define these words.</p><p>1. perpetual – continuing forever</p><p>2. conscription – the forced enrollment of people into military service</p><p>3. secede – withdraw</p><p>4. states’ rights – the position that the federal government should not interfere with the states’ exercise of their constitutional powers</p><p>5. blockade – to isolate a particular enemy area (as a harbor) by a warring nation using troops or warships to prevent the passage of supplies and people</p><p>6. ordinance – a local law</p><p>7. quinine – a drug used for fighting malaria and other fevers</p><p>8. homespun – a coarse, loosely woven, homemade fabric</p><p>9. nullify – cancel</p><p>10. ratify – to approve formally</p><p>11. amendment – an addition to a formal document such as a constitution</p><p>12. black codes – laws limiting the rights of African Americans passed by Southern governments after the Civil War</p><p>13. impeach – bring charges against</p><p>14. scalawag – white Southerner who supported Reconstruction after the Civil War</p><p>15. carpetbagger – Northerner in the South working for a Reconstruction government</p><p>PEOPLE YOU NEED TO KNOW: Use your notes and textbook to answer each. </p><p>16. Who won the U.S. presidential election of 1860? What party was he from? (Pre-Civil War notes, p. 344) Abraham Lincoln; Republican Party</p><p>17. Who was elected president of the Confederate States of America? (Pre-Civil War notes, p.345) Jefferson Davis</p><p>18. What Texas governor was removed from office by the Secession Convention? (Pre-Civil War notes, p. 345) Sam Houston 19. What Texas general fought and died at Shiloh? (Civil War & Texas notes, p. 348) Albert Sidney Johnston</p><p>20. What Texas woman set up a hospital near Galveston? (Civil War & Texas notes, p. 355) Rosanna Osterman</p><p>21. What Texas woman was given medical supplies by a Union commander? (same as above) Mary Sweeny</p><p>22. Who was head commander of the Confederate troops (or the Army of Northern Virginia)? Where did he surrender? (Civil War & Texas notes, p. 357) Robert E. Lee; Appomattox Courthouse</p><p>23. Who was head commander of the Union troops? (p. 357) Ulysses S. Grant</p><p>24. Who assassinated President Lincoln? Where? (Civil War & Texas notes, p. 357) John Wilkes Booth; Ford’s Theater in Washington, D.C.</p><p>25. Who became the U.S. President after Lincoln? (Civil War & Texas notes, p. 357) Andrew Johnson</p><p>26. Who was appointed the provisional governor of Texas after the war? (Civil War & Texas notes, p. 357) Andrew Hamilton</p><p>27. What 2 U.S. Presidents have many eerie similarities in their deaths? (Power Point) Lincoln and Kennedy</p><p>28. What Major General commanded Texas and Louisiana during Reconstruction? (16-2 Notes, p. 375) Philip Sheridan</p><p>29. What Radical Republican was an unpopular governor in Texas in 1869? (16-2 Notes, p. 376) Edmund Davis</p><p>30. What General landed in Galveston and declared all enslaved Texans free? (16-2 Notes, p. 367) Gordon Granger</p><p>ADDITIONAL QUESTIONS: Use a separate sheet of notebook paper if necessary.</p><p>31. What percent of Texans owned slaves? Why did most Texans defend slavery? (Slavery Notes) 5%; Because it benefitted the agricultural economy</p><p>32. The Civil lasted from _____ to _____. (Pre-Civil War Notes) 1861; 1865</p><p>33. List 5 more names for the Civil War. (Pre-Civil War Notes) War Between the States; Union vs. Confederacy; North vs. South; Blues vs. Grays; Yankees vs. Rebels 34. List the 4 causes of the Civil War. (Pre-Civil War Notes) Tariffs; Land; States’ Rights; Slavery</p><p>35. Abolitionists and other Americans against slavery formed what party in 1854? (Pre-Civil War Notes, p. 344) Republican Party</p><p>36. Why did Southern leaders fear Lincoln? What did they threaten to do if he became president? (Pre-Civil War Notes, p. 343-344) Because he might abolish slavery; The South threatened to secede from the U.S.</p><p>37. Why did the Texas legislature call a convention? What was the result? (Pre-Civil War Notes, p. 344-345) To consider secession; the Texas Secession Convention approved an ordinance of secession</p><p>38. What did the delegates of the Montgomery, Alabama convention accomplish? What was the new nation called? (Pre-Civil War Notes, p. 345) They formed a new nation in the South; the Confederate States of America (C.S.A.)</p><p>39. How did the new nation’s constitution differ from that of the U.S. constitution? (Pre-Civil War Notes, p. 345) It gave more power to the states and less to the federal government</p><p>40. Why was Governor Houston removed from his post? What happened to his office? (Pre- Civil War Notes, p. 345-346) Because he refused to take the oath of allegiance to the Confederacy</p><p>41. When and where did the first battle of the Civil War take place? Who won? (Pre-Civil War Notes, p. 346) Fort Sumter, South Carolina; April 12, 1861; the Confederacy</p><p>42. List the 3 strategies to Union victory. It was called the “______Plan”. (Civil War & Texas Notes) 1) Invade Virginia and capture Richmond; 2) Gain control of the Mississippi River; 3) Blockade all Southern ports; the Anaconda Plan </p><p>43. List the 4 Union advantages. (Civil War & Texas Notes) 1) Large population of 22 million people; 2) Huge factories; 3) 75% of railroads; 4) Navy ships</p><p>44. List the 3 Confederacy advantages. (Civil War & Texas Notes) 1) Fighting a defensive war; 2) Superior military leaders; 3) Better soldier skills</p><p>45. What was the Conscription Act? (Civil War & Texas Notes, p. 348) It required men between the ages of 18 and 50 to serve in the Confederate military</p><p>46. How many Texans joined the Confederate Army? How many Texans joined the Union Army? (Civil War & Texas Notes, p. 348-349) 60,000; 2,000 47. What 2 famous Texas units served in campaigns east of the Mississippi River? Which one fought in more battles than any other cavalry regiment? (Civil War & Texas Notes) Hood’s Texas Brigade and Terry’s Texas Rangers; TTR</p><p>48. List the 5 major battles in and near Texas during the Civil War? Which one was the last land battle of the war? Who won? (Civil War & Texas Notes and p. 356) Laredo; Galveston; Sabine Pass; Mansfield, LA; Palmito Ranch; PR; the Confederacy</p><p>49. What Texas group turned back the Union invasion of Texas at Sabine Pass? (Civil War & Texas Notes) The Davis Guards</p><p>50. More than ______Americans died in the war. (Civil War and Texas Notes, p. 357) 600,000</p><p>51. What is Reconstruction? (16-1 Notes, p. 367) The period at the end of the Civil War when Southern states were brought back into the Union</p><p>52. What was the Emancipation Proclamation? Who issued it and when? (p. 357, p. 367) It freed all enslaved people in the Confederate States; Abraham Lincoln; 1863</p><p>53. What is Juneteenth? On what date? Where in Texas did it start? (16-1 Notes, p. 367) The day African Americans in Texas received their freedom; June 19, 1865; Galveston</p><p>54. What kind of policy was Lincoln and Johnson’s plan for Reconstruction? What was Lincoln’s goal? (16-1 Notes, p. 368) A moderate policy; Unity (of the North and South states)</p><p>55. What were former slaves called? What federal agency helped them? How long did it operate? List its 3 goals. (16-1 Notes, p. 369) Freedmen; Freedmen’s Bureau; 5 years; 1) Helped African Americans find jobs; 2) Issued foot and shelter to the sick, aged, and poor; 3) Established the first public schools in Texas for African American children</p><p>56. List and define the 3 Reconstruction Amendments. (p. 374-375 or p. 679) 13th – abolished slavery; 14th – granted citizenship to former enslaved people; 15th – guaranteed African American men the right to vote</p><p>57. List the 3 black codes. (16-2 Notes, p. 374) African Americans were not allowed to 1) vote; 2) testify against or marry whites; 3) serve on juries</p><p>58. What was the Ironclad Oath? It allowed southerners what right? (16-2 Notes, p. 375) It said you never served in the CSA army or aided them; the right to vote</p><p>59. What political group took control of Reconstruction? What was their plan? (16-2 Notes, p. p. 374) Radical Republicans; a plan to set stricter standards for readmitting Southern states to the Union and that would protect the freedom of African Americans in the South</p><p>60. How did the U.S. Congress divide the South? (16-2 Notes, p. 375) 5 districts SHORT ANSWER: Answer the following short answer questions. You may use your notes or textbook to answer questions. Use examples from the notes or textbook to back up your answer. Use a separate sheet of notebook paper if necessary. </p><p>1. What was Sam Houston’s belief about Texas secession? Why do you think he declined President Lincoln’s offer of military aid to help him stay in office? How was this action in keeping with what you have learned about Houston’s character? (15-1)</p><p>Sam Houston opposed Texas secession. He argued that Texas could better protect its interest by staying in the Union. He did not believe the South could win the war. </p><p>He did not want to shed the blood of Texans for his personal gain. He also put the good of the people first. </p><p>2. In a democracy, citizens show their preferences by voting. How did Texans show their disapproval of Governor Davis? What actions followed this in the state legislature? (16-2)</p><p>By voting for Richard Coke in the 1873 election; Coke was inaugurated governor anyway despite the Texas Supreme Court’s decision declaring the election unconstitutional</p>