<p> Mineral Notes What is a Mineral? . Naturally-formed ______substance with a ______structure What do all minerals have in common? . Formed by ______processes on or inside Earth- no help from humans . Are ______- was never alive . Element or compound that has a ______chemical composition (makeup) . Have a ______- they have a definite volume and shape; orderly arrangement of atoms The Structure of Minerals . All minerals have a crystalline structure . Crystal- solid with ______arranged in an ______, repeating ______How do minerals form? . There are ______ways that crystals form:</p><p> o The cooling of hot, liquid rock called ______causes compounds to combine . Magma cools ______= crystals are ______. Magma cools ______= crystals are ______</p><p> o The ______of ______that has minerals dissolved in it</p><p>How are Minerals classified or grouped? . Minerals are defined by their ______. ______occur naturally in the Earth’s crust . About ______of the crust is made of only 8 of these elements . The most common minerals belong to the ______How do we identify Minerals? . We look at Physical Properties . These include:</p><p> o ______</p><p> o ______</p><p> o ______</p><p> o ______o ______Physical Properties of Minerals (can be used to identify the mineral) . Color </p><p> o Can be ______</p><p> o Many minerals will have a similar ______, but will have different ______</p><p> o Color and appearance are ______to distinguish minerals</p><p>. Luster </p><p> o Luster refers to the way a mineral ______</p><p> o Metallic = ______</p><p> o ______= dull, non-shiny surface, can include pearly, silky, and glassy . Streak </p><p> o The ______of the ______of the mineral</p><p> o The color of the streak ______be ______than the mineral</p><p> o Minerals must be ______than the streak plate </p><p>. Hardness </p><p> o How easily a mineral ______materials </p><p> o Mohs Hardness Scale </p><p>. Scale from 1 (______) to 10 (______) . Test by seeing if the mineral can scratch different objects (like human fingernail, copper, penny, glass, steel file) . Cleavage & Fracture </p><p> o The way the mineral ______</p><p> o ______—minerals break along ______, flat surfaces and every fragment has the same general ______</p><p> o ______—minerals that break at ______with rough or jagged edges </p>