<p> TEACHING PHONEME PRODUCTION FOR READING, SPELLING, AND TALKING</p><p>To call attention to phoneme production when students make pronunciation errors in reading or talking or produce incorrect spelling, use language to describe the “Look and Feel” of phonemes. (Ex: “This letter makes our mouths say “k”. K is a tongue scraper. Feel how we scrape our tongue against the top of our mouth.”) Phonemes can be described as:</p><p>Quiet Noisy Brother Tongue Scrapers...... k ...... g Back of your tongue against the roof of your mouth to scrape the air out</p><p>Lip Poppers...... p ...... b Lips together, then pop the sound out</p><p>Skinny Air ...... s ...... z Teeth make a fence so only skinny air can come out</p><p>Fat Air ...... sh ...... zh Pucker your lips and use your tongue to push air out</p><p>Fat Pushed Air ...... ch ...... j Pucker your lips and tap your tongue (on the bumpy spot behind top teeth) to punch the air out</p><p>Lip Coolers ...... f ...... v Bite your bottom lip and send air out to cool it</p><p>Tongue Coolers...... th (with)...... th (the) Gently bite your tongue tip and send air out to cool it</p><p>Tip Tappers ...... t ...... d Lift your tongue tip behind your top teeth (bumpy spot) and tap the air out</p><p>Front Tongue Lifter...... l Lift the front of your tongue behind your top teeth, turn on your voice, pull your tongue down</p><p>Back Tongue Lifter...... er Lift the back of your tongue, turn on your voice</p><p>Nose Sounds...... m ...... n ...... ing m-Close your lips and turn on your voice; n-Lift your whole tongue and turn on your voice; ing-Lift the back of your tongue and make the sound through your nose</p><p>Wind Sounds ...... w ...... h ...... wh w, wh-blow a little wind through your lips; h-open your mouth and push some air out adapted from: Lindamood-Bell Phoneme Sequencing Program (LiPS) for Reading, Spelling, and Speech</p>