<p>Supplementary materials</p><p>FIGURES</p><p>Figure 1S – Trial flow summary.</p><p>1 2 Figure 2S – Funnel plot for 24-week HbA1c in placebo-controlled trials. </p><p>3 Table 1S – Quality assessment of trials included in the meta-analysis. </p><p>Description of First author ID code Age Diabetes BMI Trial duration Randomization Allocation Blinding Dropouts ITT (year)* duration (weeks) (years) (years) (Kg/m2) Albiglutide Ahrén 2014 (1) NCT00838903 54 6 33 104 NA A A A YES Rosenstock NCT00976391 55 11 NR 26 NA NA OL A YES 2014 (2) NCT01733758 NCT01733758 58 NR NR 26 NR NR A NR YES (3) Nauck 2016 (4) NCT00849017 53 4 34 52 A A A A YES Home 2015 (5) NCT00839527 55 9 32 52 A A OL A YES Dulaglutide Giorgino 2015 (6) NCT01075282 57 9 31 78 A A OL A YES Blonde 2015 (7) NCT01191268 60 12 33 52 A A OL A YES Umpierrez 2014 (8) NCT01126580 56 3 33 52 A A A A YES Weinstock 2015 (9) NCT00734474 54 7 31 104 A A OL A YES NCT01149421 (10) NCT01149421 56 8 33 26 NA NA A A YES Wysham 2014 (11) NCT01064687 56 9 33 26 NA NA A A YES NCT01644500 (12) NCT01644500 53 NR NR 26 NR NR A NR YES NCT01648582 (13) NCT01648582 55 NR NR 52 NA NA OL A YES NCT01769378 (14) NCT01769378 58 NR NR 24 NA NA A A YES Exenatide 4 Nauck 2007 (15) NCT00082407 58 10 30 52 A A OL A YES Jaiswal 2015 (16) NCT00855439 52 7 36 78 NA NA OL A YES Derosa 2011 (17) NR 55 NR 28 52 A A OL A YES Derosa 2010 (18) NR 56 NR 29 52 A A A A YES Liang 2013 (19) NCT01435980 51 7 30 52 A NA OL A YES Bunck 2009 (20) NCT00097500 58 5 31 64 A NA OL A YES Sathyanarayan a 2011 (21) NCT01432405 52 NR 32 52 A NA OL A NO Gallwitz 2012 (22) NCT00359762 56 6 32 208 A A OL A YES Xu 2015 (23) NCT01147627 50 NR 26 48 A A OL NA YES Gudipaty 2014 (24) NCT00775684 54 4 32 26 NA NA OL A NO Barnett 2007 (25) NCT00099619 55 7 31 16 A A OL A YES Bergenstal 2009 (26) NCT00097877 52 9 34 24 A A OL A YES Davies 2009 (27) NCT00360334 56 9 34 26 NA NA OL A YES Davis 2007 (28) NCT00099333 53 11 34 16 A A OL NA YES Diamant 2014 (29) NCT00960661 59 11 33 30 A NA OL A YES Gallwitz 2011 (30) NCT00434954 57 5 33 26 A NA OL A YES Gurkan 2014 (31) NR 53 7 35 26 A A OL A YES Heine 2005 NCT00082381 59 9 31 26 A A OL A YES</p><p>5 (32) NCT00313001 (33) NCT00313001 53 NR 34 24 A A OL A YES Yuan 2012 (34) NR 57 NR 30 26 NA NA OL A YES Apovian 2010 (35) NR 55 5 34 24 A A A A YES Buse 2004 (36) NCT00039026 55 6 34 30 A NA A A YES DeFronzo 2005 (37) NCT00039013 53 6 34 30 A NA A A YES Gao 2009 (38) NCT00324363 54 8 26 16 A A A A YES Kadowaki 2012 (39) NCT00577824 58 NR NR 24 NA NA OL A YES Kendall 2005 (40) NCT00035984 55 9 34 30 NA NA A A YES Liutkus 2010 (41) NCT00603239 54 6 34 26 A A A A YES Moretto 2008 (42) NCT00381342 54 1 32 24 A A A A YES NCT00375492 (43) NCT00375492 55 NR NR 24 NR NR A A YES Wu 2011 (44) NR 55 6 26 16 NA NA A A YES NCT00667732 (45) NCT00667732 NR NR NR 24 NR NR A A YES NCT00701935 (46) NCT00701935 58 NR NR 26 NA NA NA A YES Derosa 2013 (47) NR 57 1 32 52 A NA NA A YES Buse 2011 (48) NCT00765817 59 12 33 30 A A A A YES DeFronzo 2010 (49) NCT00135330 56 5 33 20 A NA OL A YES Zinman 2007 (50) NCT00099320 56 7 34 16 A A A A YES Exenatide Once-Weekly Diamant 2012 NCT00641056 58 8 32 84 A A OL A YES 6 (51) Davies 2013 (52) NCT01003184 58 7 34 26 A A OL A YES Inagaki 2012 (53) NCT00935532 57 9 26 52 A A OL A YES Kim 2007 (54) NCT00103935 53 4 36 16 A A A A YES NCT01652729 (55) NCT01652729 54 NR NR 28 NA NA OL A YES Bergenstal 2010 (56) NCT00637273 52 6 32 26 A A A A YES Russell-Jones 2012 (57) NCT00676338 54 3 31 26 A A A A YES Frias 2016 (58) NCT02229396 54 7 33 28 A A A A YES Liraglutide Gouch 2015 (59) NCT01336023 55 7 31 52 A A OL A YES Pratley 2011 (60) NCT00700817 55 6 33 52 A A OL A YES Garber 2011 (61) NCT00294723 53 5 33 104 A A A A YES Davies 2016 (62) NCT01272232 55 8 37 56 A A A A YES Retnakaran 2014 (63) NCT01270789 58 2 30 48 A A A A YES Bailey 2016 (64) NCT01907854 56 7 32 26 A A A A YES Charbonnel 2013 (65) NCT01296412 57 8 33 26 A A OL A YES Zang 2016 (66) NCT02008682 52 5 27 26 A A OL A YES D'Alessio 2015 (67) NCT01117350 57 8 32 24 A A OL NA YES Mathieu 2014 (68) NCT01388361 61 12 32 28 A NA OL A YES Davies 2016 NCT01620489 67 15 34 26 A A A A YES</p><p>7 (69) De Wit 2014 (70) NCT01392898 58 NR 33 52 A A OL A YES Lind 2015 (71) NCT02113332 64 17 34 24 A A A A YES Marre 2009 (72) NCT00318422 56 7 30 26 NA NA A A YES Nauck 2009 (73) NCT00318461 57 7 31 104 A A A A YES NCT01617434 (74) NCT01617434 58 NR 32 26 NA NA A A YES Russell-Jones 2009 (75) NCT00331851 57 9 30 26 A A A A YES Vanderheiden 2016 (76) NCT01505673 54 17 41 26 NA NA NA A YES Zinman 2009 (77) NCT00333151 55 9 34 26 A A A A YES NCT00614120 (78) NCT00614120 53 7 26 16 NR NR A A YES Lixisenatide Bolli 2014 (79) NCT00763451 56 6 33 24 A A A A YES NCT00976937 (80) NCT00976937 43 4 37 24 NA NA A A YES Ahrén 2013 (81) NCT00712673 55 6 33 24 NA A NA A YES NCT01798706 (82) NCT01798706 74 14 30 24 NA NA A A YES Pinget 2013 (83) NCT00763815 56 8 34 24 A A A A YES Riddle 2013 (84) NCT00715624 57 12 32 24 A A A A YES Seino 2015 (85) NCT00866658 58 14 25 24 A A A A YES Yu Pan 2014 (86) NCT01169779 55 7 27 24 A A A A YES</p><p>8 Rosenstock 2013 (87) NCT00707031 58 7 34 26 A A OL A YES Riddle 2013 (88) NCT00975286 56 9 32 24 A A A A YES Rosenstock 2014 (89) NCT00713830 57 9 30 24 A A A A YES</p><p>Head-to-head comparisons Albiglutide Pratley 2014 NCT01128894 55 8 33 32 A A OL A YES (90) Dulaglutide Dungan 2014 (91) NCT01624259 57 7 34 26 A A OL A YES Wysham 2014 (11) NCT01064687 56 9 33 26 NA NA A A YES Liraglutide Buse 2009 NCT01029882 57 8 26 A A OL A YES (92) Exenatide LAR Buse 2013 (93) NCT01029886 57 8 32 26 A A OL A YES Blevins 2011 NCT00877890 55 7 33 24 A A OL A YES (94) Drucker 2008 (95) NCT00308139 55 6 35 30 A A OL A YES Ji 2013 (96) NCT00917267 55 8 27 26 A A OL A YES</p><p>*For reference: see Web appendix. ITT: Intention To Treat; A: Adequately described; NA: Not Adequately described; OL: Open Label; NR: Not</p><p> reported.</p><p>9 Table 2S – 52-week HbA1c (median [Interquartile]) in placebo- and active comparator- controlled trials.</p><p>Comparator # trials HbA1c p Exenatide b.i.d Placebo 3 -0.76[-1.12;-0.40] <0.001 Thiazolidinediones 1 -0.60[-0.83;-0.36] <0.001 Sulphonylureas 3 0.07[-0.11;0.25] 0.47 Insulin 4 0.04[-0.08;0.17] 0.52 Liraglutide Placebo 2 -0.57[-0.86;-0.28] <0.001 DPP-4 Inhibitors 1 -0.70[-0.85;-0.55] <0.001 Sulphonylureas 1 -0.70[-0.88;-0.52] <0.001 Insulin 1 0.20[0.07;0.33] 0.003 Lixisenatide Placebo 1 -0.40[-0.56;-0.23] <0.001 Exenatide OW Insulin 1 -0.20[-0.39;-0.01] 0.042 Albiglutide Placebo 3 -0.90[-1.00;-0.78] <0.001 DPP-4 Inhibitors 1 -0.30[-0.46;-0.14] <0.001 Thiazolidinediones 3 0.10[-0.05;0.25] 0.19 Sulphonylureas 4 -0.40[-0.56;-0.23] <0.001 Dulaglutide DPP-4 Inhibitors 1 -0.70[-0.90;-0.50] <0.001 Metformin 1 -0.20[-0.34;-0.06] 0.007 Insulin 2 -0.40[-0. 95;-0.20] <0.001 Exenatide bid 1 -0.60[-0.82;-0.38] <0.001 bid.: bis in die; OW: Once-Weekly.</p><p>10 Table 3S – Metaregression analysis to explore relationship between 24-week HbA1c and possible moderators at baseline.</p><p>Moderator (mean) Slope p Exenatide b.i.d Age (years) 0.00[-0.03;0.03] 0.95 Duration of diabetes (years) 0.00[-0.03;0.04] 0.86 HbA1c (%) 0.03[-0.07;0.12] 0.61 Fasting plasma glucose (mg/dl) 0.13 [0.06;0.20] <0.001 Body Mass Index (Kg/m2) -0.01[-0.03;0.02] 0.62 Liraglutide Age (years) -0.02[-0.08;0.03] 0.41 Duration of diabetes (years) -0.05[-0.09;-0.01] 0.001 HbA1c (%) -0.08[-0.18;0.03] 0.14 Fasting plasma glucose (mg/dl) -0.06[-0.15;0.04] 0.26 Body Mass Index (Kg/m2) -0.05[-0.08;-0.01] 0.001</p><p>11 Table 4S – Efficacy in subgroups on the basis of the patients’ characteristics.</p><p>Comparat Older vs Female Caucasian vs Higher vs Higher vs Longer vs shorter First author (year)* or Younger vs male non-caucasian lower BMI lower HbA1c duration DM</p><p>EXENATIDE Buse 2004 (36) Placebo Buse 2011 (48) Placebo Glimepirid Gallwitz 2012 (30) e Xu 2015 (23) Insulin LIXISENATIDE Pinget 2013 (83) Placebo LIRAGLUTIDE Marre 2009 (72) Placebo Zinman 2009 (77) Placebo Placebo/S Nauck 2009 (73) U Placebo/In Russel-Jones 2009 (75) s. Garber 2011 (60) SU NCT00614120 (78) SU ** Pratley 2011 (60) DPP-4i EXENATIDE OW Pioglitazon Bergenstal 2010 (56) e Placebo/S Frias 2016 (58) GLT2i ALBIGLUTIDE Nauck 2016 (4) Placebo NCT01733758 (3) Placebo Placebo/Pi Home 2015 (5) og. Pbo/SU/DP Ahren 2014 (1) P4i Rosenstock 2014 (2) Lispro *See Web-Appendix; **All Asians. White cell: not explored; red cell: lower efficacy; green cell: higher efficacy; yellow cell: equal efficacy. DM:</p><p>Diabetes Mellitus; Pbo: Placebo; SU: Sulfonylureas; DPP4i: Dypeptidyl-Peptidase-4 inhibitors; Piog.: Pioglitazone.</p><p>12 References (Supplementary materials)</p><p>1. Ahrén B. Johnson SL. Stewart M. Cirkel DT. Yang F. Perry C. Feinglos MN; HARMONY 3</p><p>Study Group. HARMONY 3: 104-week randomized. double-blind. placebo- and active-</p><p> controlled trial assessing the efficacy and safety of albiglutide compared with placebo.</p><p> sitagliptin. and glimepiride in patients with type 2 diabetes taking metformin. Diabetes</p><p>Care. 2014 Aug; 37(8):2141-8.</p><p>2. Rosenstock J. Fonseca VA. Gross JL. Ratner RE. Ahrén B. Chow FC. Yang F. Miller D.</p><p>Johnson SL. Stewart MW. Leiter LA; Harmony 6 Study Group. Advancing basal insulin</p><p> replacement in type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with insulinglargine plus oral</p><p> agents: a comparison of adding albiglutide. a weekly GLP-1 receptor agonist. versus</p><p> thrice-daily prandial insulin lispro. Diabetes Care. 2014 Aug; 37(8):2317-25.</p><p>3. A Monotherapy Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of 2 Dose Levels of Albiglutide</p><p> in Japanese Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM).</p><p> https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01733758?term=NCT01733758&rank=1.</p><p>Last accessed on 11th November 2016. </p><p>4. Nauck MA. Stewart MW. Perkins C. Jones-Leone A. Yang F. Perry C. Reinhardt RR.</p><p>Rendell M. Efficacy and safety of once-weekly GLP-1 receptor agonist albiglutide</p><p>(HARMONY 2): 52 week primary endpoint results from a randomised. placebo-</p><p> controlled trial in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus inadequately controlled with</p><p> diet and exercise. Diabetologia. 2016 Feb; 59(2):266-74. </p><p>5. Home PD. Shamanna P. Stewart M. Yang F. Miller M. Perry C. Carr MC. Efficacy and</p><p> tolerability of albiglutide versus placebo or pioglitazone over 1 year in people with type</p><p>13 2 diabetes currently taking metformin and glimepiride: HARMONY 5. Diabetes Obes</p><p>Metab. 2015 Feb;17(2):179-87.</p><p>6. Giorgino F. Benroubi M. Sun JH. Zimmermann AG. Pechtner V. Efficacy and Safety of</p><p>Once-Weekly Dulaglutide Versus Insulin Glargine in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes on</p><p>Metformin and Glimepiride (AWARD-2). Diabetes Care. 2015 Dec; 38(12):2241-9.</p><p>7. Blonde L, Jendle J, Gross J, Woo V, Jiang H, Fahrbach JL, Milicevic Z. Once-weekly</p><p> dulaglutide versus bedtime insulin glargine, both in combination with prandial insulin</p><p> lispro, in patients with type 2 diabetes (AWARD-4): a randomised, open-label, phase 3,</p><p> non-inferiority study. Lancet. 2015; 385:2057-66.</p><p>8. Umpierrez G. Tofé Povedano S. Pérez Manghi F. Shurzinske L. Pechtner V. Efficacy and</p><p> safety of dulaglutide monotherapy versus metformin in type 2 diabetes in a randomized</p><p> controlled trial (AWARD-3). Diabetes Care. 2014 Aug; 37(8):2168-76.</p><p>9. Weinstock RS. Guerci B. Umpierrez G. Nauck MA. Skrivanek Z. Milicevic Z. Safety and</p><p> efficacy of once-weekly dulaglutide versus sitagliptin after 2 years in metformin-treated</p><p> patients with type 2 diabetes (AWARD-5): a randomized. phase III study. Diabetes Obes</p><p>Metab. 2015 Sep; 17(9):849-58.</p><p>10. A Study of the Effect of LY2189265 on Blood Pressure and Heart Rate in Type 2</p><p>Diabetes. https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01149421? term=NCT01149421&rank=1. Last accessed on 11th May 2017.</p><p>11. Wysham C, Blevins T, Arakaki R, Colon G, Garcia P, Atisso C, Kuhstoss D, Lakshmanan M.</p><p>Efficacy and safety of dulaglutide added onto pioglitazone and metformin versus</p><p> exenatide in type 2 diabetes in a randomized controlled trial (AWARD-1). Diabetes Care.</p><p>2014; 37:2159-67. </p><p>14 12. A Study Comparing the Effects and Safety of Dulaglutide With Glimepiride in Type 2</p><p>Diabetes Mellitus. https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01644500?</p><p> term=NCT01644500&rank=1. Last accessed on 11th May 2017.</p><p>13. A Study Comparing the Effects and Safety of Dulaglutide With Insulin Glargine in Type 2</p><p>Diabetes Mellitus. https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?</p><p> cond=&term=1.%09NCT01648582&cntry1=&state1=&Search=Search. Last accessed on</p><p>11th May 2017.</p><p>14. Study of How Dulaglutide Compares to Placebo in Participants With Type 2 Diabetes</p><p>Who Are Also on Sulfonylurea Therapy (AWARD-8).</p><p> https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?term=NCT01769378+&Search=Search. Last</p><p> accessed on 11th May 2017.</p><p>15. Nauck MA. Duran S. Kim D. Johns D. Northrup J. Festa A. Brodows R. Trautmann M. A</p><p> comparison of twice-daily exenatide and biphasic insulin aspart in patients with type 2</p><p> diabetes who were suboptimally controlled with sulfonylurea and metformin: a non-</p><p> inferiority study. Diabetologia. 2007 Feb; 50(2):259-67</p><p>16. Jaiswal M. Martin CL. Brown MB. Callaghan B. Albers JW. Feldman EL. Pop-Busui</p><p>R.Effects of exenatide on measures of diabetic neuropathy in subjects with type 2</p><p> diabetes: results from an 18-month proof-of-concept open-label randomized study. J</p><p>Diabetes Complications. 2015 Nov-Dec; 29(8):1287-94. </p><p>17. Derosa G. Putignano P. Bossi AC. Bonaventura A. Querci F. Franzetti IG. Guazzini B.</p><p>Testori G. Fogari E. Maffioli P. Exenatide or glimepiride added to metformin on</p><p> metabolic control and on insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic patients. Eur J Pharmacol.</p><p>2011 Sep; 666(1-3):251-6. </p><p>15 18. Derosa G. Maffioli P. Salvadeo SA. Ferrari I. Ragonesi PD. Querci F. Franzetti IG. Gadaleta</p><p>G. Ciccarelli L. Piccinni MN. D'Angelo A. Cicero AF. Exenatide versus glibenclamide in</p><p> patients with diabetes. Diabetes Technol Ther. 2010 Mar; 12(3):233-40. </p><p>19. Liang Z. Wu Q. Chen B. Yu P. Zhao H. Ouyang X. Effect of laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric</p><p> bypass surgery on type 2 diabetes mellitus with hypertension: a randomized controlled</p><p> trial. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2013 Jul; 101(1):50-6.</p><p>20. Bunck MC. Diamant M. Cornér A. Eliasson B. Malloy JL. Shaginian RM. Deng W. Kendall</p><p>DM. Taskinen MR. Smith U. Yki-Järvinen H. Heine RJ. One-year treatment with exenatide</p><p> improves beta-cell function. compared with insulin glargine. in metformin-treated type</p><p>2 diabetic patients: a randomized. controlled trial. Diabetes Care. 2009 May; 32(5):762-</p><p>8.</p><p>21. Sathyanarayana P. Jogi M. Muthupillai R. Krishnamurthy R. Samson SL. Bajaj M. Effects</p><p> of combined exenatide and pioglitazone therapy on hepatic fat content in type 2</p><p> diabetes. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2011 Dec; 19(12):2310-5.</p><p>22. Gallwitz B. Guzman J. Dotta F. Guerci B. Simó R. Basson BR. Festa A. Kiljański J. Sapin H.</p><p>Trautmann M. Schernthaner G. Exenatide twice daily versus glimepiride for prevention</p><p> of glycaemic deterioration in patients with type 2 diabetes with metformin failure</p><p>(EUREXA): an open-label. randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2012 Jun</p><p>16;379(9833):2270-8.</p><p>23. Xu W. Bi Y. Sun Z. Li J. Guo L. Yang T. Wu G. Shi L. Feng Z. Qiu L. Li Q. Guo X. Luo Z. Lu J.</p><p>Shan Z. Yang W. Ji Q. Yan L. Li H. Yu X. Li S. Zhou Z. Lv X. Liang Z. Lin S. Zeng L. Yan J. Ji L.</p><p>Weng J. Comparison of the effects on glycaemic control and β-cell function in newly</p><p> diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients of treatment with exenatide. insulin or pioglitazone:</p><p>16 a multicentre randomized parallel-group trial (the CONFIDENCE study). J Intern Med.</p><p>2015 Jan; 277(1):137-50.</p><p>24. Gudipaty L. Rosenfeld NK. Fuller CS. Gallop R. Schutta MH. Rickels MR. Effect of</p><p> exenatide. sitagliptin. or glimepiride on β-cell secretory capacity in early type 2 diabetes.</p><p>Diabetes Care. 2014 Sep; 37(9):2451-8.</p><p>25. Barnett AH. Burger J. Johns D. Brodows R. Kendall DM. Roberts A. Trautmann ME.</p><p>Tolerability and efficacy of exenatide and titrated insulin glargine in adult patients with</p><p> type 2 diabetes previously uncontrolled with metformin or a sulfonylurea: a</p><p> multinational. randomized. open-label. two-period. crossover noninferiority trial. Clin</p><p>Ther. 2007 Nov; 29(11):2333-48.</p><p>26. Bergenstal R. Lewin A. Bailey T. Chang D. Gylvin T. Roberts V; NovoLog Mix-vs.-Exenatide</p><p>Study Group. Efficacy and safety of biphasic insulin aspart 70/30 versus exenatide in</p><p> subjects with type 2 diabetes failing to achieve glycemic control with metformin and a</p><p> sulfonylurea. Curr Med Res Opin. 2009 Jan; 25(1):65-75.</p><p>27. Davies MJ. Donnelly R. Barnett AH. Jones S. Nicolay C. Kilcoyne A. Exenatide compared</p><p> with long-acting insulin to achieve glycaemic control with minimal weight gain in</p><p> patients with type 2 diabetes: results of the Helping Evaluate Exenatide in patients with</p><p> diabetes compared with Long-Acting insulin (HEELA) study. a Diabetes Obes Metab.</p><p>2009 Dec;11(12):1153-62.</p><p>28. Davis SN. Johns D. Maggs D. Xu H. Northrup JH. Brodows RG. Exploring the substitution</p><p> of exenatide for insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes treated with insulin in</p><p> combination with oral antidiabetes agents. Diabetes Care. 2007 Nov; 30(11):2767-72.</p><p>17 29. Diamant M. Nauck MA. Shaginian R. Malone JK. Cleall S. Reaney M. de Vries D.</p><p>Hoogwerf BJ. MacConell L. Wolffenbuttel BH; 4B Study Group Glucagon-like peptide 1</p><p> receptor agonist or bolus insulin with optimized basal insulin in type 2 diabetes.</p><p>Diabetes Care. 2014 Oct; 37(10):2763-73. </p><p>30. Gallwitz B. Böhmer M. Segiet T. Mölle A. Milek K. Becker B. Helsberg K. Petto H. Peters</p><p>N. Bachmann O. Exenatide twice daily versus premixed insulin aspart 70/30 in</p><p> metformin-treated patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized 26-week study on</p><p> glycemic control and hypoglycemia. Diabetes Care. 2011 Mar; 34(3):604-6.</p><p>31. Gurkan E. Tarkun I. Sahin T. Cetinarslan B. Canturk Z. Evaluation of exenatide versus</p><p> insulin glargine for the impact on endothelial functions and cardiovascular risk markers.</p><p>Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2014 Dec; 106(3):567-75.</p><p>32. Heine RJ. Van Gaal LF. Johns D. Mihm MJ. Widel MH. Brodows RG; GWAA Study Group..</p><p>Exenatide versus insulin glargine in patients with suboptimally controlled type 2</p><p> diabetes: a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med. 2005 Oct 18; 143(8):559-69.</p><p>33. Effects of Biphasic Insulin Aspart 70/30 vs. Exenatide in Type 2 Diabetes Patients Not</p><p>Reaching Blood Glucose Targets on Metformin and a Sulfonylurea.</p><p> https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?</p><p> cond=&term=NCT00313001&cntry1=&state1=&Search=Search. Last accessed on 11th</p><p>May 2017.</p><p>34. Yuan GH. Song WL. Huang YY. Guo XH. Gao Y. Efficacy and tolerability of exenatide</p><p> monotherapy in obese patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes: a randomized. 26</p><p> weeks metformin-controlled. parallel-group study. Chin Med J (Engl). 2012 Aug;</p><p>125(15):2677-81.</p><p>18 35. Apovian CM. Bergenstal RM. Cuddihy RM. Qu Y. Lenox S. Lewis MS. Glass LC. Effects of</p><p> exenatide combined with lifestyle modification in patients with type 2 diabetes. Am J</p><p>Med. 2010 May; 123(5):468.e9-17.</p><p>36. Buse JB. Henry RR. Han J. Kim DD. Fineman MS. Baron AD; Exenatide-113 Clinical Study</p><p>Group. Effects of exenatide (exendin-4) on glycemic control over 30 weeks in</p><p> sulfonylurea-treated patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2004 Nov;</p><p>27(11):2628-35.</p><p>37. DeFronzo RA1. Ratner RE. Han J. Kim DD. Fineman MS. Baron AD. Effects of exenatide</p><p>(exendin-4) on glycemic control and weight over 30 weeks in metformin-treated</p><p> patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2005 May; 28(5):1092-100.</p><p>38. Gao Y. Yoon KH. Chuang LM. Mohan V. Ning G. Shah S. Jang HC. Wu TJ. Johns D.</p><p>Northrup J. Brodows R. Efficacy and safety of exenatide in patients of Asian descent with</p><p> type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with metformin or metformin and a</p><p> sulphonylurea. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2009 Jan; 83(1):69-76.</p><p>39. Kadowaki T. Namba M. Yamamura A. Sowa H. Wolka AM. Brodows RG. Exenatide</p><p> exhibits dose-dependent effects on glycemic control over 12 weeks in Japanese patients</p><p> with suboptimally controlled type 2 diabetes. Endocr J. 2009; 56(3):415-24. </p><p>40. Kendall DM1. Riddle MC. Rosenstock J. Zhuang D. Kim DD. Fineman MS. Baron AD.</p><p>Effects of exenatide (exendin-4) on glycemic control over 30 weeks in patients with type</p><p>2 diabetes treated with metformin and a sulfonylurea. Diabetes Care. 2005 May;</p><p>28(5):1083-91.</p><p>19 41. Liutkus J. Rosas Guzman J. Norwood P. Pop L. Northrup J. Cao D. Trautmann M. A</p><p> placebo-controlled trial of exenatide twice-daily added to thiazolidinediones alone or in</p><p> combination with metformin. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2010 Dec; 12(12):1058-65.</p><p>42. Moretto TJ. Milton DR. Ridge TD. Macconell LA. Okerson T. Wolka AM. Brodows RG.</p><p>Efficacy and tolerability of exenatide monotherapy over 24 weeks in antidiabetic drug-</p><p> naive patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized. double-blind. placebo-controlled.</p><p> parallel-group study. Clin Ther. 2008 Aug; 30(8):1448-60.</p><p>43. Effect on Weight Loss of Exenatide Versus Placebo.</p><p> https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00375492?term=NCT00375492&rank=1.</p><p>Last accessed on 11th May 2017.</p><p>44. Wu JD. Xu XH. Zhu J. Ding B. Du TX. Gao G. Mao XM. Ye L. Lee KO. Ma JH. Effect of</p><p> exenatide on inflammatory and oxidative stress markers in patients with type 2 diabetes</p><p> mellitus. Diabetes Technol Ther. 2011 Feb; 13(2):143-8.</p><p>45. How Glargine Insulin. Oral Diabetes Medications and Exenatide May Improve Blood</p><p>Sugar Control and Weight Gain in Type 2 Diabetics.</p><p> https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00667732?term=NCT00667732&rank=1.</p><p>Last accessed on 11th May 2017.</p><p>46. Effect of Exenatide on Abdominal Fat Distribution in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes</p><p>Pretreated With Metformin. https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00701935?</p><p> term=NCT00701935&rank=1. Last accessed on 11th May 2017. </p><p>47. Derosa G. Cicero AF. Franzetti IG. Querci F. Carbone A. Ciccarelli L. D'Angelo A. Fogari E.</p><p>Maffioli P. Effects of exenatide and metformin in combination on some adipocytokine</p><p>20 levels: a comparison with metformin monotherapy. Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 2013 Sep;</p><p>91(9):724-32</p><p>48. Buse JB. Bergenstal RM. Glass LC. Heilmann CR. Lewis MS. Kwan AY. Hoogwerf BJ.</p><p>Rosenstock J. Use of twice-daily exenatide in Basal insulin-treated patients with type 2</p><p> diabetes: a randomized. controlled trial. Ann Intern Med. 2011 Jan 18; 154(2):103-12.</p><p>49. DeFronzo RA. Triplitt C. Qu Y. Lewis MS. Maggs D. Glass LC. Effects of exenatide plus</p><p> rosiglitazone on beta-cell function and insulin sensitivity in subjects with type 2 diabetes</p><p> on metformin. Diabetes Care. 2010 May; 33(5):951-7.</p><p>50. Zinman B. Hoogwerf BJ. Durán García S. Milton DR. Giaconia JM. Kim DD. Trautmann</p><p>ME. Brodows RG. The effect of adding exenatide to a thiazolidinedione in suboptimally</p><p> controlled type 2 diabetes: a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med. 2007 Apr 3; 146(7):477-</p><p>85.</p><p>51. Diamant M. Van Gaal L. Stranks S. Guerci B. MacConell L. Haber H. Scism-Bacon J.</p><p>Trautmann M. Safety and efficacy of once-weekly exenatide compared with insulin</p><p> glargine titrated to target in patients with type 2 diabetes over 84 weeks. Diabetes</p><p>Care. 2012 Apr; 35(4):683-9.</p><p>52. Davies M. Heller S. Sreenan S. Sapin H. Adetunji O. Tahbaz A. Vora J. Once-weekly</p><p> exenatide versus once- or twice-daily insulin detemir: randomized. open-label. clinical</p><p> trial of efficacy and safety in patients with type 2 diabetes treated with metformin alone</p><p> or in combination with sulfonylureas. Diabetes Care. 2013 May; 36(5):1368-76. </p><p>53. Inagaki N. Atsumi Y. Oura T. Saito H. Imaoka T. Efficacy and safety profile of exenatide</p><p> once weekly compared with insulin once daily in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes</p><p> treated with oral antidiabetes drug(s): results from a 26-week. randomized. open-label.</p><p>21 parallel-group. multicenter. noninferiority study. Clin Ther. 2012 Sep; 34(9):1892-</p><p>908.e1. </p><p>54. Kim D. MacConell L. Zhuang D. Kothare PA. Trautmann M. Fineman M. Taylor K. Effects</p><p> of once-weekly dosing of a long-acting release formulation of exenatide on glucose</p><p> control and body weight in subjects with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2007 Jun;</p><p>30(6):1487-93. </p><p>55. Comparison Study of the Glycemic Effects. Safety. and Tolerability of Exenatide Once</p><p>Weekly Suspension to Sitagliptin and Placebo in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus</p><p>(DURATION-NEO-2). https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01652729?</p><p> term=NCT01652729&rank=1. Last accessed on 11th May 2017.</p><p>56. Bergenstal RM. Wysham C. Macconell L. Malloy J. Walsh B. Yan P. Wilhelm K. Malone J.</p><p>Porter LE; DURATION-2 Study Group. Efficacy and safety of exenatide once weekly</p><p> versus sitagliptin or pioglitazone as an adjunct to metformin for treatment of type 2</p><p> diabetes (DURATION-2): a randomised trial. Lancet. 2010; 376:431-9.</p><p>57. Russell-Jones D. Cuddihy RM. Hanefeld M. Kumar A. González JG. Chan M. Wolka AM.</p><p>Boardman MK; DURATION-4 Study Group. Efficacy and safety of exenatide once weekly</p><p> versus metformin. pioglitazone. and sitagliptin used as monotherapy in drug-naive</p><p> patients with type 2 diabetes (DURATION-4): a 26-week double-blind study. Diabetes</p><p>Care. 2012; 35:252-8.</p><p>58. Frías JP, Guja C, Hardy E, Ahmed A, Dong F, Öhman P, Jabbour SA. Exenatide once</p><p> weekly plus dapagliflozin once daily versus exenatide or dapagliflozin alone in patients</p><p> with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with metformin monotherapy (DURATION-</p><p>22 8): a 28 week, multicentre, double-blind, phase 3, randomised controlled trial. Lancet</p><p>Diabetes Endocrinol. 2016; 4:1004-1016.</p><p>59. Gough SC, Bode BW, Woo VC, Rodbard HW, Linjawi S, Zacho M, Reiter PD, Buse JB. One-</p><p> year efficacy and safety of a fixed combination of insulin degludec and liraglutide in</p><p> patients with type 2 diabetes: results of a 26-week extension to a 26-week main trial.</p><p>Diabetes Obes Metab 2015; 17:965-73.</p><p>60. Pratley R. Nauck M. Bailey T. Montanya E. Cuddihy R. Filetti S. Garber A. Thomsen AB.</p><p>Hartvig H. Davies M; 1860-LIRA-DPP-4 Study Group. One year of liraglutide treatment</p><p> offers sustained and more effective glycaemic control and weight reduction compared</p><p> with sitagliptin. both in combination with metformin. in patients with type 2 diabetes: a</p><p> randomised. parallel-group. open-label trial. Int J Clin Pract. 2011 Apr; 65(4):397-407. </p><p>61. Garber A. Henry R. Ratner R. Garcia-Hernandez PA. Rodriguez-Pattzi H. Olvera-Alvarez I.</p><p>Hale PM. Zdravkovic M. Bode B; LEAD-3 (Mono) Study Group. Liraglutide versus</p><p> glimepiride monotherapy for type 2 diabetes (LEAD-3 Mono): a randomised. 52-week.</p><p> phase III. double-blind. parallel-treatment trial. Lancet. 2009 Feb 7; 373(9662):473-81. </p><p>62. Davies MJ. Bain SC2. Atkin SL3. Rossing P4. Scott D5. Shamkhalova MS6. Bosch-Traberg</p><p>H7. Syrén A7. Umpierrez GE8. Efficacy and Safety of Liraglutide Versus Placebo as Add-</p><p> on to Glucose-Lowering Therapy in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Moderate Renal</p><p>Impairment (LIRA-RENAL): A Randomized Clinical Trial. Diabetes Care. 2016; 39:222-30. </p><p>63. Retnakaran R, Kramer CK, Choi H, Swaminathan B, Zinman B. Liraglutide and the</p><p> preservation of pancreatic β-cell function in early type 2 diabetes: the LIBRA trial.</p><p>Diabetes Care. 2014; 37:3270-8.</p><p>23 64. Bailey TS, Takács R, Tinahones FJ, Rao PV, Tsoukas GM, Thomsen AB, Kaltoft MS, Maislos</p><p>M. Efficacy and safety of switching from sitagliptin to liraglutide in subjects with type 2</p><p> diabetes (LIRA-SWITCH): a randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, active-controlled</p><p>26-week trial. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2016; 18:1191-1198. </p><p>65. Charbonnel B, Steinberg H, Eymard E, Xu L, Thakkar P, Prabhu V, Davies MJ, Engel SS.</p><p>Efficacy and safety over 26 weeks of an oral treatment strategy including sitagliptin</p><p> compared with an injectable treatment strategy with liraglutide in patients with type 2</p><p> diabetes mellitus inadequately controlled on metformin: a randomised clinical trial.</p><p>Diabetologia. 2013; 56:1503-11.</p><p>66. Zang L. Liu Y. Geng J. Luo Y. Bian F. Lv X. Yang J. Liu J. Peng Y. Li Y. Sun Y. Bosch-Traberg</p><p>H. Mu Y. Efficacy and safety of liraglutide versus sitagliptin. both in combination with</p><p> metformin. in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes: a 26-week. open-label.</p><p> randomized. active comparator clinical trial. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2016 Aug; 18(8):803-</p><p>11.</p><p>67. D'Alessio D, Häring HU, Charbonnel B, de Pablos-Velasco P, Candelas C, Dain MP,</p><p>Vincent M, Pilorget V, Yki-Järvinen H; EAGLE Investigators. Comparison of insulin</p><p> glargine and liraglutide added to oral agents in patients with poorly controlled type 2</p><p> diabetes. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2015 Feb; 17(2):170-8.</p><p>68. Mathieu C. Rodbard HW. Cariou B. Handelsman Y. Philis-Tsimikas A. Ocampo Francisco</p><p>AM. Rana A. Zinman B; BEGIN: VICTOZA ADD-ON (NN1250-3948) study group. A</p><p> comparison of adding liraglutide versus a single daily dose of insulin aspart to insulin</p><p> degludec in subjects with type 2 diabetes (BEGIN: VICTOZA ADD-ON). Diabetes Obes</p><p>Metab. 2014 Jul; 16(7):636-44.</p><p>24 69. Davies MJ, Bain SC, Atkin SL, Rossing P, Scott D, Shamkhalova MS, Bosch-Traberg H,</p><p>Syrén A, Umpierrez GE. Efficacy and Safety of Liraglutide Versus Placebo as Add-on to</p><p>Glucose-Lowering Therapy in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Moderate Renal</p><p>Impairment (LIRA-RENAL): A Randomized Clinical Trial. Diabetes Care. 2016</p><p>Feb;39(2):222-30</p><p>70. de Wit HM. Vervoort GM. Jansen HJ. de Grauw WJ. de Galan BE. Tack CJ. Liraglutide</p><p> reverses pronounced insulin-associated weight gain. improves glycaemic control and</p><p> decreases insulin dose in patients with type 2 diabetes: a 26 week. randomised clinical</p><p> trial (ELEGANT). Diabetologia. 2014 Sep; 57(9):1812-9.</p><p>71. Lind M. Matsson PO. Linder R. Svenningsson I. Jørgensen L. Ploug UJ. Gydesen H.</p><p>Dorkhan M. Larsen S. Johansson G. Clinical Effectiveness of Liraglutide vs Sitagliptin on</p><p>Glycemic Control and Body Weight in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Retrospective</p><p>Assessment in Sweden. Diabetes Ther. 2016 Jun; 7(2):321-33.</p><p>72. Marre M. Shaw J. Brändle M. Bebakar WM. Kamaruddin NA. Strand J. Zdravkovic M. Le</p><p>Thi TD. Colagiuri S; LEAD-1 SU study group. Liraglutide. a once-daily human GLP-1</p><p> analogue. added to a sulphonylurea over 26 weeks produces greater improvements in</p><p> glycaemic and weight control compared with adding rosiglitazone or placebo in subjects</p><p> with Type 2 diabetes (LEAD-1 SU). Diabet Med. 2009 Mar;26(3):268-78.</p><p>73. Nauck M. Frid A. Hermansen K. Shah NS. Tankova T. Mitha IH. Zdravkovic M. Düring M.</p><p>Matthews DR; LEAD-2 Study Group. Efficacy and safety comparison of liraglutide.</p><p> glimepiride. and placebo. all in combination with metformin. in type 2 diabetes: the</p><p>LEAD (liraglutide effect and action in diabetes)-2 study. Diabetes Care. 2009 Jan;</p><p>32(1):84-90.</p><p>25 74. The Effect of Liraglutide Versus Placebo When Added to Basal Insulin Analogues With or</p><p>Without Metformin in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes. V.</p><p> https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01617434?term=NCT01617434&rank=1.</p><p>Last accessed on 11th May 2017.</p><p>75. Russell-Jones D. Vaag A. Schmitz O. Sethi BK. Lalic N. Antic S. Zdravkovic M. Ravn GM.</p><p>Simó R; Liraglutide Effect and Action in Diabetes 5 (LEAD-5) met+SU Study Group.</p><p>Liraglutide vs insulin glargine and placebo in combination with metformin and</p><p> sulfonylurea therapy in type 2 diabetes mellitus (LEAD-5 met+SU): a randomised</p><p> controlled trial. Diabetologia. 2009 Oct; 52(10):2046-55.</p><p>76. Vanderheiden A, Harrison L, Warshauer J, Li X, Adams-Huet B, Lingvay I. Effect of Adding</p><p>Liraglutide vs Placebo to a High-Dose lnsulin Regimen in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes:</p><p>A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Intern Med. 2016 Jul 1;176:939-47.</p><p>77. Zinman B. Gerich J. Buse JB. Lewin A. Schwartz S. Raskin P. Hale PM. Zdravkovic M.</p><p>Blonde L; LEAD-4 Study Investigators. Efficacy and safety of the human glucagon-like</p><p> peptide-1 analog liraglutide in combination with metformin and thiazolidinedione in</p><p> patients with type 2 diabetes (LEAD-4 Met+TZD). Diabetes Care. 2009 Jul; 32(7):1224-</p><p>30.</p><p>78. Effect of Liraglutide or Glimepiride Added to Metformin on Blood Glucose Control in</p><p>Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes. https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00614120?</p><p> term=NCT00614120&rank=1. Last accessed on 11th May 2017.</p><p>79. Bolli GB. Munteanu M. Dotsenko S. Niemoeller E. Boka G. Wu Y. Hanefeld M. Efficacy</p><p> and safety of lixisenatide once daily vs. placebo in people with Type 2 diabetes</p><p>26 insufficiently controlled on metformin (GetGoal-F1). Diabet Med. 2014 Feb; 31(2):176-</p><p>84.</p><p>80. 4-week Study Comparing Lixisenatide to Sitagliptin as add-on to Metformin in Obese</p><p>Type 2 Diabetic Patients Younger Than 50 Years.</p><p> https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00976937?term=NCT00976937&rank=1.</p><p>Last accessed on 11th November 2016.</p><p>81. Ahrén B, Leguizamo Dimas A, Miossec P, Saubadu S, Aronson R. Efficacy and safety of</p><p> lixisenatide once-daily morning or evening injections in type 2 diabetes inadequately</p><p> controlled on metformin (GetGoal-M). Diabetes Care. 2013; 36:2543-50.</p><p>82. Efficacy and Safety of Lixisenatide Versus Placebo on Top of Basal Insulin and/or Oral</p><p>Antidiabetic Treatment in Older Type 2 Diabetic Patients (GetGoal-O).</p><p> https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01798706?term=NCT01798706&rank=1.</p><p>Last accessed on 11th May 2017.</p><p>83. Pinget M, Goldenberg R, Niemoeller E, Muehlen-Bartmer I, Guo H, Aronson R. Efficacy</p><p> and safety of lixisenatide once daily versus placebo in type 2 diabetes insufficiently</p><p> controlled on pioglitazone (GetGoal-P).bDiabetes Obes Metab. 2013; 15:1000-7.</p><p>84. Riddle MC, Forst T, Aronson R, Sauque-Reyna L, Souhami E, Silvestre L, Ping L,</p><p>Rosenstock J. Adding once-daily lixisenatide for type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled</p><p> with newly initiated and continuously titrated basal insulin glargine: a 24-week,</p><p> randomized, placebo-controlled study (GetGoal-Duo 1). Diabetes Care. 2013; 36:2497-</p><p>503.</p><p>85. Seino Y, Ikeda Y, Niemoeller E, Watanabe D, Takagi H, Yabe D, Inagaki N. Efficacy and</p><p>Safety of Lixisenatide in Japanese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Insufficiently Controlled</p><p>27 with Basal Insulin±Sulfonylurea: A Subanalysis of the GetGoal-L-Asia Study. Horm</p><p>Metab Res. 2015;47:895-900. </p><p>86. Yu Pan C, Han P, Liu X, Yan S, Feng P, Zhou Z, Lv X, Tian H, Jin Kui Y, Su B, Shang S,</p><p>Niemoeller E. Lixisenatide treatment improves glycaemic control in Asian patients with</p><p> type 2 diabetes mellitus inadequately controlled on metformin with or without</p><p> sulfonylurea: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 24-week trial (GetGoal-</p><p>M-Asia). Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2014; 30:726-35.</p><p>87. Rosenstock J, Raccah D, Korányi L, Maffei L, Boka G, Miossec P, Gerich JE. Efficacy and</p><p> safety of lixisenatide once daily versus exenatide twice daily in type 2 diabetes</p><p> inadequately controlled on metformin: a 24-week, randomized, open-label, active-</p><p> controlled study (GetGoal-X). Diabetes Care. 2013; 36:2945-51.</p><p>88. Riddle MC, Aronson R, Home P, Marre M, Niemoeller E, Miossec P, Ping L, Ye J,</p><p>Rosenstock J. Adding once-daily lixisenatide for type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled</p><p> by established basal insulin: a 24-week, randomized, placebo-controlled comparison</p><p>(GetGoal-L). Diabetes Care. 2013; 36:2489-96.</p><p>89. Rosenstock J, Hanefeld M, Shamanna P, Min KW, Boka G, Miossec P, Zhou T, Muehlen-</p><p>Bartmer I, Ratner RE. Beneficial effects of once-daily lixisenatide on overall and</p><p> postprandial glycemic levels without significant excess of hypoglycemia in type 2</p><p> diabetes inadequately controlled on a sulfonylurea with or without metformin (GetGoal-</p><p>S). J Diabetes Complications. 2014; 28:386-92.</p><p>90. Pratley RE, Nauck MA, Barnett AH, Feinglos MN, Ovalle F, Harman-Boehm I, Ye J, Scott R,</p><p>Johnson S, Stewart M, Rosenstock J; HARMONY 7 study group. Once-weekly albiglutide</p><p> versus once-daily liraglutide in patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled on</p><p>28 oral drugs (HARMONY 7): a randomised, open-label, multicentre, non-inferiority phase 3</p><p> study. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2014; 2:289-97. </p><p>91. Dungan KM, Povedano ST, Forst T, González JG, Atisso C, Sealls W, Fahrbach JL.. Once-</p><p> weekly dulaglutide versus once-daily liraglutide in metformin-treated patients with type</p><p>2 diabetes (AWARD-6): a randomised, open-label, phase 3, non-inferiority trial. Lancet.</p><p>2014; 384:1349-57.</p><p>92. Buse JB, Rosenstock J, Sesti G, Schmidt WE, Montanya E, Brett JH, Zychma M, Blonde L;</p><p>LEAD-6 Study Group. Liraglutide once a day versus exenatide twice a day for type 2</p><p> diabetes: a 26-week randomised, parallel-group, multinational, open-label trial (LEAD-</p><p>6). Lancet. 2009; 374:39-47.</p><p>93. Buse JB, Nauck M, Forst T, Sheu WH, Shenouda SK, Heilmann CR, Hoogwerf BJ, Gao A,</p><p>Boardman MK, Fineman M, Porter L, Schernthaner G. Exenatide once weekly versus</p><p> liraglutide once daily in patients with type 2 diabetes (DURATION-6): a randomised,</p><p> open-label study. Lancet. 2013; 381:117-24.</p><p>94. Blevins T, Ruggles J, Hardy E.Onset of Glycemic and Weight Outcomes in Patients</p><p>Initiating Exenatide Once Weekly: The Relationship of Exenatide Exposure with Efficacy</p><p> over the First 24 Weeks of Treatment. Diabetes Ther. 2016 ; 7:361-8.</p><p>95. Drucker DJ, Buse JB, Taylor K, Kendall DM, Trautmann M, Zhuang D, Porter L;</p><p>DURATION-1 Study Group. Exenatide once weekly versus twice daily for the treatment</p><p> of type 2 diabetes: a randomised, open-label, non-inferiority study. Lancet. 2008 ;</p><p>4;372:1240-50.</p><p>29 96. Ji L, Onishi Y, Ahn CW, Agarwal P, Chou CW, Haber H, Guerrettaz K, Boardman MK.</p><p>Efficacy and safety of exenatide once-weekly vs exenatide twice-daily in Asian patients</p><p> with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Diabetes Investig. 2013 ; 4:53-61.</p><p>30</p>